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Preliminary W79E217A DATA SHEET 8-bit Microcontroller
Table of Contents1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 5 FEATURES ................................................................................................................................. 6 PARTS INFORMATION LIST ..................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list......................................................................... 7 PIN CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................... 7 PIN DESCRIPTION..................................................................................................................... 8 5.1 Port 4 ............................................................................................................................ 11 MEMORY ORGANIZATION...................................................................................................... 12 6.1 Program Memory (on-chip Flash) ................................................................................. 12 6.2 Data Memory ................................................................................................................ 12 6.3 Auxiliary SRAM ............................................................................................................. 13 6.4 2-KB NVM Data Flash Memory .................................................................................... 13
6.4.1 Operation........................................................................................................................16
7. 8.
SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS ......................................................................................... 18 INSTRUCTION SET.................................................................................................................. 72 8.1 Instruction Timing.......................................................................................................... 80
8.1.1 External Data Memory Access Timing............................................................................82
9.
10.
POWER MANAGEMENT.......................................................................................................... 85 9.1 Idle Mode ...................................................................................................................... 85 9.2 Power Down Mode ....................................................................................................... 85 RESET CONDITIONS............................................................................................................... 87 10.1 Sources of reset............................................................................................................ 87
10.1.1 10.1.2 10.1.3 External Reset ..............................................................................................................87 Power-On Reset (POR)................................................................................................87 Watchdog Timer Reset.................................................................................................87
11.
10.2 Reset State ................................................................................................................... 88 INTERRUPTS ........................................................................................................................... 89 11.1 Interrupt Sources .......................................................................................................... 89 11.2 Priority Level Structure ................................................................................................. 90
11.2.1 Response Time ............................................................................................................93
12.
PROGRAMMABLE TIMERS/COUNTERS ............................................................................... 94 12.1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1.................................................................................................... 94
12.1.1 12.1.2 12.1.3 12.1.4 12.1.5 Time-Base Selection ....................................................................................................94 Mode 0 .........................................................................................................................94 Mode 1 .........................................................................................................................95 Mode 2 .........................................................................................................................95 Mode 3 .........................................................................................................................96
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
12.2 Timer/Counter 2 ............................................................................................................ 96
12.2.1 12.2.2 12.2.3 12.2.4 Capture Mode...............................................................................................................97 Auto-reload Mode, Counting up....................................................................................97 Auto-reload Mode, Counting Up/Down .........................................................................98 Baud Rate Generator Mode .........................................................................................99
13. 14.
15.
WATCHDOG TIMER............................................................................................................... 100 PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATED (PWM) OUTPUTS ................................................................. 103 14.1 PWM Features ............................................................................................................ 103 14.2 PWM Control Registers .............................................................................................. 104 14.3 PWM Pin Structures ................................................................................................... 106 14.4 Complementary PWM with Dead-time and Override functions .................................. 109 14.5 Dead-Time Insertion ................................................................................................... 110 14.6 PWM Output Override ................................................................................................ 111 14.7 Edge Aligned PWM (up-counter) ................................................................................ 114 14.8 Center Aligned PWM (up/down counter) .................................................................... 117 14.9 Single Shot (Up-Counter) ........................................................................................... 119 14.10 Smart Fault Detector .............................................................................................. 122 14.11 PWM Power-down/Wakeup Procedures ................................................................ 124 MOTION FEEDBACK MODULE............................................................................................. 126 15.1 Input Capture Module (IC) .......................................................................................... 126
15.1.1 15.1.2 Compare Mode...........................................................................................................134 Reload Mode ..............................................................................................................134 Free-counting mode ...................................................................................................136 Compare-counting mode ............................................................................................136 X2/X4 Counting modes...............................................................................................136 Direction of Count.......................................................................................................136 Up-Counting ...............................................................................................................138 Down-Counting...........................................................................................................138
15.2
Quadrature Encoder Interface (QEI) .......................................................................... 134
15.2.1 15.2.2 15.2.3 15.2.4 15.2.5 15.2.6
16.
17.
SERIAL PORT ........................................................................................................................ 139 16.1 Mode 0 ........................................................................................................................ 139 16.2 Mode 1 ........................................................................................................................ 140 16.3 Mode 2 ........................................................................................................................ 141 16.4 Mode 3 ........................................................................................................................ 142 16.5 Framing Error Detection ............................................................................................. 142 16.6 Multiprocessor Communications................................................................................. 143 I2C SERIAL PORTS ............................................................................................................... 144 17.1 SIO Port ...................................................................................................................... 144 17.2 The I2C Control Registers .......................................................................................... 144
17.2.1 17.2.2 17.2.3 Slave Address Registers, I2ADDR .............................................................................145 Data Register, I2DAT .................................................................................................145 Control Register, I2CON.............................................................................................146
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
17.2.4 17.2.5 17.2.6 17.2.7 Status Register, I2STATUS........................................................................................146 I2C Clock Baud Rate Control, I2CLK..........................................................................146 I2C Time-out Counter, I2Timer ...................................................................................146 I2C Maskable Slave Address .....................................................................................147 Master Transmitter Mode ...........................................................................................147 Master Receiver Mode ...............................................................................................148 Slave Receiver Mode .................................................................................................148 Slave Transmitter Mode .............................................................................................148 Master/Transmitter Mode ...........................................................................................149 Master/Receiver Mode ...............................................................................................150 Slave/Transmitter Mode .............................................................................................151 Slave/Receiver Mode .................................................................................................152 GC Mode ....................................................................................................................153
17.3
Modes of Operation .................................................................................................... 147
17.3.1 17.3.2 17.3.3 17.3.4
17.4
Data Transfer Flow in Five Operating Modes............................................................. 148
17.4.1 17.4.2 17.4.3 17.4.4 17.4.5
18.
SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI)............................................................................. 154 18.1 General descriptions................................................................................................... 154 18.2 Block descriptions ....................................................................................................... 154 18.3 Functional descriptions ............................................................................................... 156
18.3.1 18.3.2 18.3.3 18.3.4 18.3.5 18.3.6 18.3.7 18.3.8 18.3.9 18.3.10 18.3.11 Master mode ..............................................................................................................156 Slave Mode ................................................................................................................159 Slave select ................................................................................................................163 /SS output...................................................................................................................163 SPI I/O pins mode ......................................................................................................164 Programmable serial clock's phase and polarity ........................................................165 Receive double buffered data register........................................................................165 LSB first enable ..........................................................................................................166 Write Collision detection .............................................................................................166 Transfer complete interrupt ......................................................................................166 Mode Fault ...............................................................................................................166
19.
20.
21. 22. 23.
ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER .................................................................................... 169 19.1 Operation of ADC ....................................................................................................... 169 19.2 ADC Resolution and Analog Supply ........................................................................... 170 LCD DISPLAY......................................................................................................................... 171 20.1 LCD Features.............................................................................................................. 171 20.2 LCD Frequency........................................................................................................... 172 20.3 LCD Power Connection .............................................................................................. 177 20.4 LCD Option Bits .......................................................................................................... 179 20.5 LCD Display ................................................................................................................ 179 TIMED ACCESS PROTECTION ............................................................................................ 182 PORT 4 STRUCTURE ............................................................................................................ 184 IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING................................................................................................ 187 23.1 The Loader Program Locates at LDFlash Memory .................................................... 187 Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
23.2 The Loader Program Locates at APFlash Memory .................................................... 187 OPTION BITS ......................................................................................................................... 188 24.1 Config0........................................................................................................................ 188 24.2 Config1........................................................................................................................ 189 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS....................................................................................... 190 25.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ........................................................................................ 190 25.2 DC Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 190 25.3 AC Characteristics ...................................................................................................... 193
25.3.1 25.3.2 25.3.3 External Clock Characteristics....................................................................................193 AC Specification .........................................................................................................193 MOVX Characteristics Using Stretch Memory Cycle ..................................................194
24.
25.
26.
27. 28. 29.
25.4 The ADC Converter DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS ................................... 196 25.5 I2C Bus Timing Characteristics .................................................................................. 196 25.6 Program Memory Read Cycle .................................................................................... 197 25.7 Data Memory Read Cycle........................................................................................... 198 25.8 Data Memory Write Cycle........................................................................................... 198 TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS ...................................................................................... 199 26.1 Crystal connections .................................................................................................... 199 26.2 Expanded External Data Memory and Oscillator........................................................ 199 PACKAGE DIMENSION ......................................................................................................... 200 27.1 100L QFP (14x20x2.75mm footprint 3.2mm) ............................................................. 200 APPLICATION NOTE ............................................................................................................. 201 REVISION HISTORY .............................................................................................................. 207
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The W79E217 is a fast, 8051/52-compatible microcontroller with a redesigned processor core that eliminates wasted clock and memory cycles. Typically, the W79E217 executes instructions 1.5 to 3 times faster than that of the traditional 8051/52, depending on the type of instruction, and the overall performance is about 2.5 times better at the same crystal speed. As a result, with the fully-static CMOS design, the W79E217 can accomplish the same throughput with a lower clock speed, reducing power consumption. The W79E217 provides 256 bytes of on-chip RAM; 2-KB of NVM memory Flash EPROM; 2-KB of auxiliary RAM; seven 8-bit, bi-directional and bit-addressable I/O ports; an additional 4-bit port P4; three 16-bit timer/counters; Motion Feedback Module support; 2 UART serial ports; 1 channels of I2C with master/slave capability; 1 channels of Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), 8 channels of 12 bit PWM with configurable dead time and 8 channels of 10-bit ADC. These peripherals are all supported by 20 interrupt sources with 4 levels of priority. The W79E217 also contains a 64-KB Flash EPROM whose contents may be updated in-system by a loader program stored in an auxiliary, 4-KB Flash EPROM. Once the contents are confirmed, it can be protected for security.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
2. FEATURES
Fully-static-design 8-bit 4T-8051 CMOS microcontroller up to 33MHz. 64-KB of in-system-programmable Flash EPROM (AP Flash EPROM). 4-KB of Auxiliary Flash EPROM for the loader program (LD Flash EPROM). User can optionally reboot from LD Flash EPROM by pull low at either P4.3 or P3.6 and P3.7, at external reset. 2-KB auxiliary RAM, software-selectable, accessed by MOVX instruction. 2-KB of NVM Data Flash EPROM for customer data storage used. 256 bytes of scratch-pad RAM. Seven 8-bit bi-directional ports; Port 0 has internal pull-up resisters enabled by software. One 4-bit multipurpose I/O port4 with Chips select (CS) and boot function. Three 16-bit timers. One 16-bit Timer 3 for Motion Feed-Back Module. Motion Feedback Module - QEI decoder and 3 Inputs Capture. Eight channels of 12-bit PWM: - Complementary paired output with programmable dead-time insertion. - Three modes: Edge aligned, center aligned and single shot. - Output override control for BLDC motor application. 10-bit ADC with 8-channel inputs. Two enhanced full-duplex UART with framing-error detection and automatic address recognition. One channel of I2C with master/slave capability. One channel of SPI with master/slave capability. LCD driver output: - 32segment X 4common. - 1/3 duty (1/3 bias), 1/4 duty (1/3 bias) driving mode can be selected. - LCD driver output pin can be used as DC output. Software programmable access cycle to external RAM/peripherals. 20 interrupt sources with four levels of priority. Software reset function. Optional H/L state of ALE/PSEN during power down mode. Built-in power management. Code protection. Package: - Lead Free (RoHS) PQFP 100: W79E217AFG
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
3. PARTS INFORMATION LIST 3.1 Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list
PART NO. EPROM FLASH SIZE RAM OPERATING FREQUENCY OPERATING VOLTAGE NVM FLASH EPROM PACKAGE REMARK
W79E217AFG
64KB
256B + 2KB
up to 33MHz up to 20MHz up to 24MHz
4.5V ~ 5.5V 2.7V[1] ~ 5.5V 4.5V ~ 5.5V
2KB
PQFP-100 Pin
Internal memory External memory
Note: 1. Minimum of 3.0V operating voltage for NVM program and erase operations.
4. PIN CONFIGURATION
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
5. PIN DESCRIPTION
SYMBOL TYPE INITIAL STATE DESCRIPTIONS
EA
I
-
EXTERNAL ACCESS ENABLE: This pin forces the processor to execute from external ROM. The ROM address and data are not presented on the bus if the EA pin is high. Note: This pin has no internal pull-up or pull-down. The pin needs externally pull-up to execute from internal APROM. For executing from external APROM, the pin needs externally pulldown. The pin state is internally latched during all reset. User needs to take note that changes to /EA pin state after reset will not be effective. PROGRAM STORE ENABLE: PSEN enables the external ROM data in the Port 0 address/data bus. When internal ROM access is performed, PSEN strobe signal will not be output from this pin. ADDRESS LATCH ENABLE: ALE enables the address latch that separates the address from the data on Port 0. RESET: Set this pin high for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running to reset the device. CRYSTAL 1: Crystal oscillator input or external clock input. CRYSTAL 2: Crystal oscillator output. GROUND: Ground potential. POWER SUPPLY: Supply voltage for operation. LCD voltage input. Positive (+) supply voltage terminal for LCD biasing. Analog power supply. Analog ground potential. PWM power supply. PWM ground potential. PORT 0: Port 0 is an open-drain bi-directional I/O port. This port also provides a multiplexed low byte address/data bus during accesses to external memory. There is an embedded weakly pullup resistor on each port 0 pin which can be enabled or disabled by setting or clearing of PUP0, bit0 in A2h. The ports have alternate functions which are described below: P0.0, MISO P0.1, MOSI P0.2, SPCLK P0.3, /SS P0.4, INT2 P0.5, INT3 P0.6, INT4 P0.7, INT5
PSEN
OH OH IL I O I I I I I I I
High High -
ALE RST XTAL1 XTAL2 VSS VDD VLCD1, VLCD2 AVDD AVSS VDDPWM VSSPWM
P0.0-P0.7
I/O DSH
High-Z
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PIN DESCRIPTION, continued
SYMBOL
TYPE
INITIAL STATE
DESCRIPTIONS
P1.0-P1.7
I/O S H
High
PORT 1: 8-bit, bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The ports have alternate functions which are described below: P1.0, ADC0, T2 P1.1, ADC1, BRAKE P1.2, ADC2, RXD1 P1.3, ADC3, TXD1 P1.4, ADC4 P1.5, ADC5 P1.6, ADC6 P1.7, ADC7
P2.0-P2.5
I/O S
P2.6-P2.7
I/O D
Tri-state PORT 2: 8-bit, bi-directional I/O port. This port also provides the upper address bits for accesses to external memory. P2.6 to P2.7 can be software configured as I2C serial ports. P2.0 to P2.5 also provides PWM0 to PWM5 outputs. P2.0, A8, PWM0 P2.1, A9, PWM1 P2.2, A10, PWM2 P2.3, A11, PWM3 P2.4, A12, PWM4 P2.5, A13, PWM5 High-Z P2.6, A14, SCL P2.7, A15, SDA Note: a. P2.6 and P2.7 are permanent open drain pins. When access to external memory beyond 16K region, user requires to add external pull-up registers (up to 2Kohm) on these pins. This will result in slight increase in current consumption. b. Port 2 power source is from VDDPWM. PORT 3: 8-bit, bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The ports have alternate functions which are described below: P3.0, RXD P3.1, TXD P3.2, /INT0 P3.3, /INT1 P3.4, T0, IC0, QEA P3.5, T1, IC1, QEB P3.6, /WR P3.7, /RD
P3.0-P3.7
I/O S H
High
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PIN DESCRIPTION, continued
SYMBOL
TYPE
INITIAL STATE
DESCRIPTIONS
P4.0-P4.3
I/O S H
High
PORT 4: 4-bit multipurpose programmable I/O port with alternate functions. The Port 4 has four different operation modes. P4.0, STADC P4.1, T2EX, IC2 P4.2 P4.3 PORT 5: 8-bit, bit-directional I/O port. This port is not bit addressable. The alternate functions are described below: P5.0, PWM6 P5.1, PWM7 P5[7:2] = SEG [15:10] PORT 6: 8-bit, bit-directional I/O port. This port is not bit addressable. P6[7:0] = SEG [23:16] PORT 7: 8-bit, bit-directional I/O port. This port is not bit addressable. P7[7:0] = SEG [31:24] LCD segment outputs. Can also be used as DC output ports specified by code option. Capacitor input for LCD driver. LCD common outputs. 1/3 Duty 1/4 Duty Used Used Used Used COM0 Used Used Used Not Used
P5.0-P5.1 P5.2-P5.7
I/O S I/O S H I/O DH I/O S H O I
Tristate High
P6.0-P6.7
High
P7.0-P7.7 SEG0SEG9 DH1, DH2
High Low -
COM0COM3
O
Low
COM1 COM2 COM3
The LCD alternating frequency can be selected by code option.
Note TYPE I: input, O: output, I/O: bi-directional, H: pull-high, L: pull-low, D: open drain S: Schmitt Trigger
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
5.1 Port 4
Port 4, SFR P4 at address A5H, is a 4-bit multipurpose programmable I/O port which functions are I/O and chip-select function. It has four different operation modes: Mode 0 - P4.0 ~ P4.3 is 4-bit bi-directional I/O port which is the same as port 1. The default Port 4 is a general I/O function. Mode1 - P4.0 ~ P4.3 are read data strobe signals which are synchronized with RD signal at specified addresses. These read data strobe signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals. Mode2 - P4.0 ~ P4.3 are write data strobe signals which are synchronized with WR signal at specified addresses. These write data strobe signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals. Mode3 - P4.0 ~ P4.3 are read/write data strobe signals which are synchronized with RD or WR signal at specified addresses. These read/write data strobe signals can be used as chipselect signals for external peripherals. When Port 4 is configured with the feature of chip-select signals, the chip-select signal address range depends on the contents of the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL, P4CONA and P4CONB. P4xAH and P4xAL contain the 16-bit base address of P4.x. P4CONA and P4CONB contain the control bits to configure the Port 4 operation mode.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
6. MEMORY ORGANIZATION
The W79E217 separates the memory into two sections; Program Memory and Data Memory. Program Memory stores instruction op-codes, while Data Memory stores data or memory-mapped devices.
6.1
Program Memory (on-chip Flash)
W79E217 includes one 64K bytes of main FLASH EPROM for application program (AP FLASH EPROM) and one 4K bytes of FLASH EPROM for loader program (LD FLASH EPROM) to operate the in-system programming (ISP) feature, and one 2K bytes of NVM Flash EPROM for data storage. The 64K bytes Flash EPROM is AP0 bank. The default active bank is AP0. In normal operation, the microcontroller will execute the code from main FLASH EPROM. By setting program registers, user can force the microcontroller to switch to programming mode which will cause it to execute the code (loader program) from the 4K bytes of auxiliary LD FLASH EPROM to update the contents of the 64K bytes of main FLASH EPROM. After reset, the microcontroller will executes the new application program in the main FLASH EPROM. This ISP feature makes the job easy and efficient in which the application needs to update firmware frequently without opening the chassis.
6.2
Data Memory
W79E217 can access up to 64Kbytes of external Data Memory. This memory region is accessed by the MOVX instructions. Unlike the 8051 derivatives, W79E217 contains on-chip 2 Kbytes of Data Memory, which only can be accessed by MOVX instructions. These 2 Kbytes of SRAM is between address 0000h and 07FFH. Access to the on-chip Data Memory is optional under software control. When enabled by DMEO bit of PMR register, a MOVX instruction that uses this area will go to the onchip RAM. If MOVX instruction accesses the addresses greater than 07FFH CPU will automatically access external memory through Port 0 and 2. When disabled, the 2 KB memory area is transparent to the system memory map. Any MOVX directed to the space between 0000h and FFFFH goes to the expanded bus on the Port 0 and 2. This is the default condition. In addition, the device has the standard 256 bytes of on-chip RAM. This can be accessed either by direct addressing or by indirect addressing. There are also some Special Function Registers (SFRs), which can only be accessed by direct addressing.
Figure 6-1: W79E217A Memory Map
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
6.3 Auxiliary SRAM
W79E217 has a 2 KB of data space SRAM which is read/write accessible and is memory mapped. This on-chip SRAM is accessed by the MOVX instruction. There is no conflict or overlap among the 256 bytes scratch-pad memory and the 2 KB auxiliary sram as they use different addressing modes and instructions. Access to the on-chip Data Memory is optional under software control. Set DMEO bit of PMR SFR to 1 will enable the on-chip 2 KB MOVX SRAM and at the same time EnNVM bit must be cleared as NVM memory uses the same instruction of MOVX. Refer to Table 6-3: W79E217 NVM page (n)
area definition table.
6.4
2-KB NVM Data Flash Memory
W79E217 2-KB NVM memory block shown in the diagram on Figure 6-1, shares the same address as AUX-RAM address. Due to overlapping of AUX-RAM, NVM data memory and external data memory physical address, the following table is defined. EnNVM bit (NVMCON.5) will enable read access to NVM data memory area. DME0 (PMR.0) will enable read access to AUX-RAM.
ENNVM DME0 DATA MEMORY AREA
0 0 1
0 1 X
Enable External RAM read/write access by MOVX Enable AUX-RAM read/write access by MOVX Enable NVM data Memory read access by MOVX only. If EER or EWR is set and NVM flash erase or write control is busy, to set this bit read NVM data is invalid.
Table 6-1: Bits setting for MOVX access to Data Memory Area
ENNVM = 1 INSTRUCTIONS NVM SIZE = SRAM (2K) ADDR 2K
MOVX A, @DPTR (Read) Read access MOVX A, @R0 (Read) MOVX A, @R1 (Read) MOVX @DPTR, A (Write) Write access MOVX @R0, A (Write) MOVX @R1, A (Write) NVM NVM NVM NOP NOP NOP
ADDR > 2K
Ext memory NOP NOP Ext memory NOP NOP
Table 6-2: MOVX read/write access destination
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
It is partition into 32 pages area and each page has 64 bytes data as below figure. The page 0 is from 0000h ~ 003Fh, page 1 is from 0040h ~ 007Fh until page 31 address located at 07COh ~ 07FFh.
Page 31 64Bytes Page 30 64Bytes
07FFH 07C0H 07BFH 0780H
07FFH | | | | | |
2K Bytes Flash EPROM
0000H Page 03 64Bytes Page 02 64Bytes Page 01 64Bytes Page 00 64Bytes 00FFH 00C0H 00BFH 0080H 007FH 0040H 003FH 0000H
Figure 6-2: W79E217 NVM Memory Mapping
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PAGE
START ADDRESS
END ADDRESS
PAGE
START ADDRESS
END ADDRESS
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
0000h 0040h 0080h 00C0h 0100h 0140h 0180h 01C0h 0200h 0240h 0280h 02C0h 0300h 0340h 0380h 03C0h
003Fh 007Fh 00BFh 00FFh 013Fh 017Fh 01BFh 01FFh 023Fh 027Fh 02BFh 02FFh 033Fh 037Fh 03BFh 03FFh
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
0400h 0440h 0480h 04C0h 0500h 0540h 0580h 05C0h 0600h 0640h 0680h 06C0h 0700h 0740h 0780h 07C0h
043Fh 047Fh 04BFh 04FFh 053Fh 057Fh 05BFh 05FFh 063Fh 067Fh 06BFh 06FFh 073Fh 077Fh 07BFh 07FFh
Table 6-3: W79E217 NVM page (n) area definition table
It has a dedicated On-Chip RC Oscillator that is fixed at 6MHz +/- 25% frequency to support clock source for the 2K NVM data Flash Memory. The on chip oscillator is enabled only during program or erase operation, through EWR or EER in NVMCON SFR. EWR or EER bits are cleared by hardware after program or erase operation completed. The program/erase time is automatically controlled by hardware.
Figure 6-3: NVM control
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
6.4.1 Operation User is required to enable EnNVM (NVMCON.5) bit for all NVM access (read/write/erase).
Before write data to NVM memory, the page must be erased. A page is erased by setting page address which address will decode and enable page (n) on NVMADDRH and NVMADDRL, then set EER (NVMCON.7) and EnNVM (NVMCON.5). The device will then automatic execute page erase. When completed, NVMF will be set by hardware. NVMF should be cleared by software. Interrupt request will be generated if ENVM (EIE1.5) is enabled. EER bit will be cleared by hardware when erase is completed. The total erase time is about 5ms. For write, user must set address and data to NVMADDRH/L and NVMDAT, respectively. And then set EWR (NVMCON.6) and EnNVM (NVMCON.5) to enable data write. When completed, the device will set NVMF flag. NVMF flag should be cleared by software. Similarly, interrupt request will be generated if ENVM (EIE1.5) is enabled. The program time is about 50us. The following shows some examples of NVM operations: Read NVM data is by MOVX A,@DPTR/R0/R1 instruction: A read exceed 2k will read the external address Example1: DPTR=0x07FF, R0/R1 = 0xFF, XRAMAH=0x07, EnNVM=1 MOVX A,@DPTR read NVM data at address 0x07FF MOVX A,@R0 read NVM data at address 0x07FF MOVX A,@R1 read NVM data at address 0x07FF Example2: DPTR = 0x2000, EnNVM=1, DME0=0 MOVX A,@DPTR read external RAM data at address 0x2000, Erase NVM by SFR register: Example1: NVMADDRH = 0x07, NVMADDRL = 0xF0, page 31 will be enabled. After set EER, the page 31 will be erased. Example2: NVMADDRH = 0x10, NVMADDRL = 0x00, invalid NVM erase instruction (address exceed NVM boundary). Write NVM by SFR register: Example1: NVMADDRH = 0x07, NVMADDRL = 0xF0 After set EWR, data will be written to the NVM address = 0x07F0 location. Example2: NVMADDRH = 0x10, NVMADDRL = 0x00, after set EWR, invalid NVM write instruction (address exceed NVM boundary). During erase, write is invalid. Likewise, during write, erase is invalid. An erase or write is invalid if NVMF is not clear by software. A write to NVMADDRH and NVMADDRL is invalid during Erase or Write, and a write to NVMDAT is invalid only during NVM write access.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Figure 6-4: NVM data memory control timing
For security purposes, this NVM data flash provides an independent "Lock bit" located in Security bits. It is used to protect the customer's 2K bytes of data code. It may be enabled after the external programmer finishes the programming and verifying sequence. Once this bit is set to logic 0, the 2K bytes of NVM Flash EPROM data can not be accessed again by external device. Note: 1. NVMF can be polled or by h/w interrupt to indicate NVM data memory erase or write operation has completed. 2. While user program is erasing or writing to NVM data memory, the PC counter will continue to fetch for next instruction. 3. When uC is in idle mode and if NVM interrupt and global interrupt are enabled, the completion of either erasing or programming the NVM data memory will exit the idle condition.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
7. SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS
The W79E217 uses Special Function Registers (SFR) to control and monitor peripherals. The SFR reside in register locations 80-FFh and are only accessed by direct addressing. The W79E217 contains all the SFR present in the standard 8051/52, as well as some additional SFR, and, in some cases, unused bits in the standard 8051/52 have new functions. SFR whose addresses end in 0 or 8 (hex) are bit-addressable. The following table of SFR is condensed, with eight locations per row. Empty locations indicate that there are no registers at these addresses.
F8 F0 E8 E0 D8 D0 C8 C0 B8 B0 A8 A0 98 90 88 80 EIP B EIE ACC WDCON PSW T2CON SCON1 IP P3 IE P2 SCON P1 TCON P0 I2CON ADCCON PWMPL PWMPH T2MOD SBUF1 SADEN P5 SADDR XRAMAH SBUF EXIF TMOD SP I2ADDR ADCH PWM0L PWM0H RCAP2L T3MOD SADEN1 P6 SADDR1 P4CSIN P42AL P4CONA TL0 DPL EIE1 EIP1 CCL0 /PCNTL SPCR NVMADD RH ADCL NVMADDR L NVMDAT RCAP2H T3CON POVM P7 LCDPT CAPCON0 P42AH P4CONB TL1 DPH CCH0 /PCNTH SPSR I2DAT LCDCN PWMCON1 QEICON TL2 PMR POVD RCAP3L SFRAL CAPCON1 P43AL P40AL TH0 TL3 CCL1 /PLSCNTL SPDR I2STATUS PDTC1 PWM2L PWM2H TH2 FSPLT PIO RCAP3H SFRAH P4 P43AH P40AH TH1 TH3 CCH1 /PLSCNTH I2CSADEN I2CLK PDTC0 PWM6L PWM6H PWMCON2 ADCPS PWMEN EIP1H SFRFD CCL2 /MAXCNTL NVMCON P41AL CKCON LCDDATA INTCTRL EIPH I2TIMER PWMCON4 PWMCON3 WDCON2 PWM4L TA PWM4H IPH SFRCN CCH2 /MAXCNTH CHPCON P41AH CKCON1 PCON
Table 7-1: Special Function Register Location Table
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
SYMBOL INTCTRL
DEFINITION INTERRUPT REGISTER CONTROL
ADD MSB RESS LSB FFH -
BIT_ADDRESS,
SYMBOL
RESET
INT5CT1 INT5CT0 INT4CT1 INT4CT0 INT3CT1 INT3CT0 xx00 0000B
CCH1 CAPTURE COUNTER HIGH 1 FEH /PLSCNTH REGISTER CCL1 CAPTURE COUNTER LOW 1 FDH /PLSCNTL REGISTER CCH0 /PCNTH CCL0 /PCNTL EIP1 EIE1 EIP EIPH CAPTURE COUNTER HIGH 0 FCH REGISTER CAPTURE COUNTER LOW 0 FBH REGISTER EXTENDED PRIORITY 1 INTERRUPT FAH F9H F8H
CCH1.7 CCH1.6 CCH1.5 CCH1.4 CCH1.3 CCH1.2 CCH1.1 CCH1.0 /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN 0000 0000B TH.7 TH.6 TH.5 TH.4 TH.3 TH.2 TH.1 TH.0 CCL1.7 CCL1.6 CCL1.5 CCL1.4 CCL1.3 CCL1.2 CCL1.1 CCL1.0 /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN /PLSCN 0000 0000B TL.7 TL.6 TL.5 TL.4 TL.3 TL.2 TL.1 TL.0 CCH0.7 CCH0.6 CCH0.5 CCH0.4 CCH0.3 CCH0.2 CCH0.1 CCH0.0 /PCNTH. /PCNTH. /PCNTH. /PCNTH. /PCNTH. /PCNTH. /PCNTH. /PCNTH. 0000 0000B 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CCL0.7 CCL0.6 CCL0.5 CCL0.4 CCL0.3 CCL0.2 CCL0.1 CCL0.0 /PCNTL. /PCNTL. /PCNTL. /PCNTL. /PCNTL. /PCNTL. /PCNTL. /PCNTL. 0000 0000B 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 (FF) PS1 PS1H (FE) PX5 PX5H PNVMI ENVM (FD) PX4 PX4H PCPTF ECPTF (FC) PWDI PWDIH PT3 ET3 (FB) PX3 PX3H PBKF EBK (FA) PX2 PX2H PPWMF PSPI EPWM (F9) ESPI (F8) PI2C PI2CH xx00 0000B xx00 0000B 0000 00x0B 0000 00x0B
INTERRUPT ENABLE 1 EXTENDED PRIORITY INTERRUPT
EXTENDED INTERRUPT F7H HIGH PRIORITY
I2CSADEN I2C SLAVE ADDRESS MASK F6H SPDR SPSR SPCR B I2TIMER I2CLK SERIAL PERIPHERAL DATA F5H REGISTER SERIAL PERIPHERAL F4H STATUS REGISTER SERIAL PERIPHERAL F3H CONTROL REGISTER B REGISTER I2C TIMER REGISTER I2C CLOCK RATE COUNTER F0H EFH EEH EDH ECH EBH EAH E9H E8H
I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD 1111 1110B EN.7 EN.6 EN.5 EN.4 EN.3 EN.2 EN.1 EN.0 SPD.7 SPIF SSOE (F7) SPD.6 WCOL SPE (F6) SPD.5 SPD.4 SPD.3 DRSS CPOL (F3) SPD.2 CPHA (F2) ENTI SPD.1 SPR1 (F1) DIV4 SPD.0 SPR0 (F0) TIF xxxx xxxxB 0000 0xxxB 0000 0100B 0000 0000B xxxx x000B
SPIOVF MODF LSBFE (F5) MSTR (F4) -
I2CLK.7 I2CLK.6 I2CLK.5 I2CLK.4 I2CLK.3 I2CLK.2 I2CLK.1 I2CLK.0 0000 0000B I2STAT US.7 I2STAT US.6 I2STAT US.5 I2STAT US.4 I2STAT US.3 1111 1000B
I2STATUS I2C STATUS REGISTER I2DAT I2C DATA
I2DAT.7 I2DAT.6 I2DAT.5 I2DAT.4 I2DAT.3 I2DAT.2 I2DAT.1 I2DAT.0 0000 0000B NVMAD NVMAD NVMAD xxxx x000B DRH.10 DRH.9 DRH.8 0000 0000B X000 000xB 0000 00x0B 0000 xxx0B
NVMADDRH NVM HIGH BYTE ADDRESS I2ADDR I2CON EIE I2C SLAVE ADDRESS I2C CONTROL REGISTER EXTENDED ENABLE INTERRUPT
ADDR.7 ADDR.6 ADDR.5 ADDR.4 ADDR.3 ADDR.2 ADDR.1 GC (EF) ES1 ENS (EE) EX5 STA (ED) EX4 STO (EC) EWDI SI (EB) EX3 AA (EA) EX2 I2CIN (E9) (E8) EI2C BKF
PWMCON4 PWM CONTROL REGISTER 4 E7H PDTC0 PDTC1 LCDCN ADCL DEAD TIME REGISTER 0 DEAD TIME REGISTER 1 CONTROL CONTROL E6H E5H E4H
PWMEO PWMOO PWM6O PWM7O M M M M
-
PDTC0.7 PDTC0.6 PDTC0.5 PDTC0.4 PDTC0.3 PDTC0.2 PDTC0.1 PDTC0.0 0000 0000B PDTC1.7 PDTC1.6 PDTC1.5 PDTC1.4 PDTC1.3 PDTC1.2 PDTC1.1 PDTC1.0 0000 0000B LCDEN Clear Duty Pump FS2 FS1 ADC.1 FS0 ADC.0 0000 x000B 00xx xxxxB
LCD CONTROL REGISTER
ADC CONVERTER RESULT E3H LOW BYTE
ADCLK1 ADCLK0 -
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
SYMBOL ADCH ADCCON ACC PWMCON3 PWM6L PWM2L PWMCON1 DEFINITION ADC CONVERTER RESULT HIGH BYTE ADC CONTROL REGISTER ACCUMULATOR PWM CONTROL REGISTER 3 PWM 6 LOW BITS REGISTER PWM 2 LOW BITS REGISTER PWM CONTROL REGISTER 1 ADD MSB RESS LSB E2H E1H E0H DFH DEH DDH DCH DBH DAH D9H D8H D7H D6H D5H D4H D3H D2H D1H D0H CFH CEH CDH CCH CBH CAH C9H C8H C7H C6H C5H C4H C3H ADC.9 ADC.8 ADC.7 ADCEX (E5) BIT_ADDRESS, ADC.6 ADCI (E4) ADC.5 ADCS (E3) ADC.4 AADR2 (E2) ADC.3 AADR1 (E1) SYMBOL ADC.2 AADR0 (E0) RESET xxxx xxxxB 0x00 0000B 0000 0000B
ADCEN (E7) (E6)
PWM7B PWM6B PWM5B PWM4B PWM3B PWM2B PWM1B PWM0B 0000 0000B PWM6.7 PWM6.6 PWM6.5 PWM6.4 PWM6.3 PWM6.2 PWM6.1 PWM6.0 0000 0000B PWM2.7 PWM2.6 PWM2.5 PWM2.4 PWM2.3 PWM2.2 PWM2.1 PWM2.0 0000 0000B
PWMRU Load N
PWMF
CLRPW PWM6I M
PWM4I
PWM2I
PWM0I
0000 0000B
NVMADDRL NVM LOW BYTE ADDRESS PWM0L PWMPL WDCON WDCON2 PWM6H PWM2H QEICON NVMDAT PWM0H PWMPH PSW PWM4L PWMCON2 TH2 TL2 RCAP2H RCAP2L T2MOD T2CON TA DDIO FSPLT PMR T3CON PWM 0 LOW BITS REGISTER PWM COUNTER LOW REGISTER WATCH-DOG CONTROL WATCH-DOG CONTROL2 PWM 6 HIGH BITS REGISTER PWM 2 HIGH BITS REGISTER QEI CONTROL REGISTER NVM DATA PWM 0 HIGH BITS REGISTER PWM COUNTER HIGH REGISTER PROGRAM STATUS WORD PWM 4 LOW BITS REGISTER PWM CONTROL REGISTER 2 T2 REG. HIGH T2 REG. LOW T2 CAPTURE LOW T2 CAPTURE HIGH TIMER 2 MODE TIMER 2 CONTROL TIME ACCESS REGISTER DISABLE DIGITAL I/O FAULT SAMPLING TIME REGISTER POWER MANAGEMENT REGISTER TIMER 3 CONTROL
NVMAD NVMAD NVMAD NVMAD NVMAD NVMAD NVMAD NVMAD 0000 0000B DRH.7 DRH.6 DRH.5 DRH.4 DRH.3 DRH.2 DRH.1 DRH.8 PWM0.7 PWM0.6 PWM0.5 PWM0.4 PWM0.3 PWM0.2 PWM0.1 PWM0.0 0000 0000B PWMP.7 PWMP.6 PWMP.5 PWMP.4 PWMP.3 PWMP.2 PWMP.1 PWMP.0 0000 0000B (DF) (DE) POR (DD) (DC) DISIDX (DB) WDIF (DA) WTRF (D9) EWT (D8) RWT STRLD 0100 0000B 0000 0000B
PWM6.1 PWM6.1 PWM6.9 PWM6.8 xxxx 0000B 1 0 PWM2.1 PWM2.1 PWM2.9 PWM2.8 xxxx 0000B 1 0 DIR QEIM1 QEIM0 QEIEN xxx0 0000B
NVMDA NVMDA NVMDA NVMDA NVMDA NVMDA NVMDA NVMDA 0000 0000B T.7 T.6 T.5 T.4 T.3 T.2 T.1 T.0 (D7) CY (D6) AC (D5) F0 (D4) RS1 PWM0.1 PWM0.1 PWM0.9 PWM0.8 xxxx 0000B 1 0 PWMP.1 PWMP.1 PWMP.9 PWMP.8 xxxx 0000B 1 0 (D3) RS0 (D2) OV (D1) F1 (D0) P 0000 0000B
PWM4.7 PWM4.6 PWM4.5 PWM4.4 PWM4.3 PWM4.2 PWM4.1 PWM4.0 0000 0000B BKCH TH2.7 TL2.7 BKPS TH2.6 TL2.6 BPEN TH2.5 TL2.5 BKEN TH2.4 TL2.4 FP1 TH2.3 TL2.3 FP0 TH2.2 TL2.2 PMOD1 PMOD0 0000 0000B TH2.1 TL2.1 TH2.0 TL2.0 0000 0000B 0000 0000B
RCAP2H RCAP2H RCAP2H RCAP2H RCAP2H RCAP2H RCAP2H RCAP2H 0000 0000B .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RCAP2L RCAP2L RCAP2L RCAP2L RCAP2L RCAP2L RCAP2L RCAP2L 0000 0000B .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 HC5 (CF) TF2 TA.7 DDIO.7 SCMP1 TF3 HC4 (CE) EXF2 TA.6 DDIO.6 SCMP0 HC3 (CD) RCLK TA.5 DDIO.5 SFP1 HC2 (CC) TCLK TA.4 DDIO.4 SFP0 T2CR (CB) EXEN2 TA.3 DDIO.3 SFCEN (CA) TR2 TA.2 DDIO.2 SFCST (C9)
C/ T
DCEN (C8)
CP/RL2
0000 0xx0B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B xxxx x0x0B 0xxx x0x0B
TA.1 DDIO.1
TA.0 DDIO.0
SFCDIR LSBD DME0
ALEOFF TR3 -
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
SYMBOL T3MOD SBUF1 SCON1 PWM4H PWMEN PIO POVD POVM SADEN1 SADEN IP IPH EIP1H RCAP3H RCAP3L P7 P6 P5 P3 SFRCN SFRFD SFRAH SFRAL LCDPT SADDR1 SADDR IE DEFINITION TIMER 3 MODE CONTROL SERIAL BUFFER 1 SERIAL CONTROL 1 PWM 4 HIGH BITS REGISTER PWM OUTPUT ENABLE REGISTER ADD MSB RESS LSB C2H C1H C0H BFH BEH ENLD ICEN2 ICEN1 BIT_ADDRESS, ICEN0 T3CR SYMBOL RESET 0000 0xxxB
SBUF1.7 SBUF1.6 SBUF1.5 SBUF1.4 SBUF1.3 SBUF1.2 SBUF1.1 SBUF1.0 xxxx xxxxB (BF) (BE) SM0_1/F SM1_1 E_1 (BD) SM2_1 (BC) REN_1 (BB) TB8_1 (BA) RB8_1 (B9) TI_1 (B8) RI_1 0000 0000B
PWM4.1 PWM4.1 PWM4.9 PWM4.8 xxxx 0000B 1 0
PWM7E PWM6E PWM5E PWM4E PWM3E PWM2E PWM1E PWM0E 0000 0000B N N N N N N N N PIO7 PIO6 PIO5 PIO4 PIO3 PIO2 PIO1 PIO0 0000 0000B
PWM PIN OUTPUT SOURCE BDH SELECT PWM OUTPUT STATE REGISTERS PWM OUTPUT OVERRIDE CONTROL REGISTERS SLAVE ADDRESS MASK 1 SLAVE ADDRESS MASK INTERRUPT PRIORITY BCH BBH BAH B9H B8H
POVD.7 POVD.6 POVD.5 POVD.4 POVD.3 POVD.2 POVD.1 POVD.0 0000 0000B POVM.7 POVM.6 POVM.5 POVM.4 POVM.3 POVM.2 POVM.1 POVM.0 0000 0000B SADEN1 SADEN1 SADEN1 SADEN1 SADEN1 SADEN1 SADEN1 SADEN1 0000 0000B .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 SADEN. SADEN. SADEN. SADEN. SADEN. SADEN. SADEN. SADEN. 0000 0000B 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (BF) (BE) PADC (BD) PT2 (BC) PS PSH (BB) PT1 PT1H (BA) PX1 PX1H PBKFH (B9) PT0 PT0H (B8) PX0 PX0H 0000 0000B x000 0000B xx00 0000B
INTERRUPT HIGH PRIORITY B7H EXTENDED INTERRUPT HIGH PRIORITY 1 RELOAD CAPTURE 3 HIGH REGISTER RELOAD CAPTURE 3 LOW REGISTER PORT 7 PORT 6 PORT 5 PORT 3 F/W FLASH CONTROL F/W FLASH DATA F/W FLASH LOW ADDRESS LCD POINTER SLAVE ADDRESS 1 SLAVE ADDRESS INTERRUPT ENABLE B6H B5H B4H B3H B2H B1H B0H AFH AEH ACH ABH AAH A9H A8H
PADCH PT2H -
PNVMIH PCPTFH PT3H
PPWMH PSPIH
RCAP3H RCAP3H RCAP3H RCAP3H RCAP3H RCAP3H RCAP3H RCAP3H 0000 0000B .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RCAP3L RCAP3L RCAP3L RCAP3L RCAP3L RCAP3L RCAP3L RCAP3L 0000 0000B .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 SEG.31 SEG.30 SEG.29 SEG.28 SEG.27 SEG.26 SEG.25 SEG.24 1111 1111B SEG.23 SEG.22 SEG.21 SEG.20 SEG.19 SEG.18 SEG.17 SEG.16 1111 1111B SEG.15 SEG.14 SEG.13 SEG.12 SEG.11 SEG.10 PWM7 (B7) RD D7 A15 A7 (B6) WR (B4) (B5) (B3) T0/ T1/ ICO/QE /INT1 IC1/QEB A NCE D4 A12 A4 CTRL3 D3 A11 A3 D5 A13 A5 (B2) /INT0 CTRL2 D2 A10 A2 (B1) TXD CTRL1 D1 A9 A1 PWM6 (B0) RXD CTRL0 D0 A8 A0 1111 1111B 1111 1111B x011 1111B xxxx xxxxB 0000 0000B 0000 0000B
WFWIN NOE D6 A14 A6 -
F/W FLASH HIGH ADDRESS ADH
LCDPT. LCDPT. LCDPT. LCDPT. xxxx 0000B 3 2 1 0
SADDR1 SADDR1 SADDR1 SADDR1 SADDR1 SADDR1 SADDR1 SADDR1 0000 0000B .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 SADDR. SADDR. SADDR. SADDR. SADDR. SADDR. SADDR. SADDR. 0000 0000B 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (AF) EA (AE) EADC (AD) ET2 (AC) ES (AB) ET1 (AA) EX1 (A9) ET0 (A8) EX0 0000 0000B
INPUT CAPTURE 2 HIGH CCH2/MAX REGISTER/ MAXIMUM A7h CNTH COUNTER HIGH REGISTER INPUT CAPTURE 2 LOW CCL2/MAX REGISTER/ MAXIMUM CNTL COUNTER LOW REGISTER P4 PORT 4 A6h A5H
CCH2.7 CCH2.6 CCH2.5 CCH2.4 CCH2.3 CCH2.2 CCH2.1 CCH2.0 /MAXCN MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN 0000 0000B TH.6 TH.2 TH.0 TH.3 TH.7 TH.5 TH.1 TH.4 CCL2.7 CCL2.6 CCL2.5 CCL2.4 CCL2.3 CCL2.2 CCL2.1 CCL2.0 /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN /MAXCN 0000 0000B TL.2 TL.3 TL.4 TL.7 TL.1 TL.6 TL.0 TL.5 P4.3 P4.2 T2EX/IC STADC 2 xxxx 1111B
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
SYMBOL CAPCON1 DEFINITION CAPTURE CONTROL 1 REGISTER ADD MSB RESS LSB A4H A3H A2H CCT2.1 P43INV (A7) A15/ SDA CCT2.0 P42INV (A6) A14/ SCL ENF2 CCT1.1 P41INV (A5) A13/ PWM5 LD/AP EnNVM A13 A5 A13 A5 A12 A4 A12 A4 BIT_ADDRESS, ENF1 CCT1.0 P40INV (A4) A12/ PWM4 A11 A3 A11 A3 ENF0 CCT0.1 (A3) A11/ PWM3 A10 A2 A10 A2 CPTF2 CCT0.0 CPTF1/ DIRF CCLD1 SYMBOL CPTF0/ QEIF CCLD0 RESET xx00 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 x000B 0000 0000B 1111 1111B
CAPTURE CONTROL 0 CAPCON0 REGISTER P4CSIN XRAMAH P2 P4 CS SIGN
PWDNH RMWFP P0UP A10 (A2) A10/ PWM2 A9 A1 A9 A1 A9 (A1) A9/ PWM1 LDSEL A8 (A0) A8/ PWM0 ENP NVMF A8 A0 A8 A0
RAM HIGH BYTE ADDRESS A1H PORT 2 ON CHIP PROGRAMMING CONTROL NVM CONTROL A0H
CHPCON NVMCON P43AH P43AL P42AH P42AL SBUF SCON P41AH P41AL P40AH P40AL P4CONB P4CONA EXIF P1 CKCON1 CKCON TH1 TH0 TL1 TL0 TMOD TCON PCON LCDDATA TH3 TL3
9FH 9EH
SWRST/ REBOO T EER A15 A7 A15 A7 EWR A14 A6 A14 A6
0000 0000B 000x xxx0B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B
HI ADDR. COMPARATOR OF 9DH P4.3 LO ADDR. COMPARATOR OF P4.3 9CH
HI ADDR. COMPARATOR OF 9BH P4.2 LO ADDR. COMPARATOR OF P4.2 SERIAL BUFFER SERIAL CONTROL 9AH 99H 98H
SBUF.7 SBUF.6 SBUF.5 SBUF.4 SBUF.3 SBUF.2 SBUF.1 SBUF.0 xxxx xxxxB (9F) (9E) SM0/FE SM1 A15 A7 A15 A7 A14 A6 A14 A6 (9D) SM2 A13 A5 A13 A5 (9C) REN A12 A4 A12 A4 (9B) TB8 A11 A3 A11 A3 (9A) RB8 A10 A2 A10 A2 (99) TI A9 A1 A9 A1 (98) RI A8 A0 A8 A0 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B
HI ADDR. COMPARATOR OF 97H P4.1 LO ADDR. COMPARATOR OF P4.1 96H
HI ADDR. COMPARATOR OF 95H P4.0 LO ADDR. COMPARATOR OF P4.0 P4 CONTROL REGISTER B P4 CONTROL REGISTER A EXTERNAL INTERRUPT FLAG PORT 1 CLOCK CONTROL 1 CLOCK CONTROL TIMER HIGH 1 TIMER HIGH 0 TIMER LOW 1 TIMER LOW 0 TIMER MODE TIMER CONTROL POWER CONTROL LCD DATA TIMER HIGH 3 TIMER LOW 3 94H 93H 92H 91H 90H 8FH 8EH 8DH 8CH 8BH 8AH 89H 88H 87H 86H 85H 84H
P43FUN P43FUN P43CMP P43CMP P42FUN P42FUN P42CMP P42CMP 0000 0000B 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 P41FUN P41FUN P41CMP P41CMP P40FUN P40FUN P40CMP P40CMP 0000 0000B 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 IE5 (97) ADC7 WD1 TH1.7 TH0.7 TL1.7 TL0.7 GATE (8F) TF1 SMOD Bit7 TH3.7 TL3.7 IE4 (96) ADC6 WD0 TH1.6 TH0.6 TL1.6 TL0.6 IE3 (95) ADC5 T2M TH1.5 TH0.5 TL1.5 TL0.5 M1 (8D) TF0 Bit5 TH3.5 TL3.5 IE2 (94) ADC4 T1M TH1.4 TH0.4 TL1.4 TL0.4 M0 (8C) TR0 Bit4 TH3.4 TL3.4 (93) TXD1/ ADC3 T0M TH1.3 TH0.3 TL1.3 TL0.3 GATE (8B) IE1 GF1 Bit3 TH3.3 TL3.3 (92) RXD1/ ADC2 MD2 TH1.2 TH0.2 TL1.2 TL0.2 (91) ADC1/ Brake MD1 TH1.1 TH0.1 TL1.1 TL0.1 M1 (89) IE0 PD Bit1 TH3.1 TL3.1 (90) T2/ ADC0 MD0 TH1.0 TH0.0 TL1.0 TL0.0 M0 (88) IT0 IDL Bit0 TH3.0 TL3.0 0000 xxxxB 1111 1111B
CCDIV1 CCDIV0 0000 0000B 0000 0001B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 00xx 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B
C /T
(8E) TR1 Bit6 TH3.6 TL3.6
C /T
(8A) IT1 GF0 Bit2 TH3.2 TL3.2
SMOD0 -
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
SYMBOL DPH DPL SP P0 DEFINITION DATA POINTER HIGH DATA POINTER LOW STACK POINTER PORT 0 ADDR MSB ESS LSB 83H 82H 81H 80H DPH.7 DPL.7 SP.7 (87) INT5 DPH.6 DPL.6 SP.6 (86) INT4 DPH.5 DPL.5 SP.5 (85) INT3 BIT_ADDRESS, DPH.4 DPL.4 SP.4 (84) INT2 DPH.3 DPL.3 SP.3 (83) /SS DPH.2 DPL.2 SP.2 (82) SPCLK DPH.1 DPL.1 SP.1 (81) MOSI SYMBOL DPH.0 DPL.0 SP.0 (80) MISO RESET 0000 0000B 0000 0000B 0000 0111B 1111 1111B
Table 7-2: Special Function Registers
PORT 0
Bit: 7 P0.7
Mnemonic: P0
6 P0.6
5 P0.5
4 P0.4
3 P0.3
2 P0.2
1 P0.1
0 P0.0
Address: 80h
Port 0 is an open-drain 8-bit bi-directional I/O port. As an alternate function Port 0 can function as the multiplexed address/data bus to access off-chip memory. During the time when ALE is high, the LSB of a memory address is presented. When ALE is low, the port transits to a bi-directional data bus. This bus is used for reading external ROM and for reading or writing external RAM memory or peripherals. When used as a memory bus, the port provides active high drivers. The reset condition of Port 0 is tristate. Pull-up resistors are required when using Port 0 as an I/O port.
BIT NAME FUNCTION
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7
MISO: SPI Master In Slave Out. MOSI: SPI Master Out Slave In. SPCLK: SPI Clock. /SS: Slave Select. INT2: External Interrupt 2. INT3: External Interrupt 3. INT4: External Interrupt 4. INT5: External Interrupt 5.
STACK POINTER
Bit: 7 SP.7
Mnemonic: SP
6 SP.6
5 SP.5
4 SP.4
3 SP.3
2 SP.2
1 SP.1
0 SP.0
Address: 81h
The Stack Pointer stores the Scratch-pad RAM address where the stack begins. In other words it always points to the top of the stack. DATA POINTER LOW
Bit: 7 DPL.7
Mnemonic: DPL
6 DPL.6
5 DPL.5
4 DPL.4
3 DPL.3
2 DPL.2
1 DPL.1
0 DPL.0
Address: 82h
This is the low byte of the standard 8032 16-bit data pointer.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
DATA POINTER HIGH
Bit: 7 DPH.7
Mnemonic: DPH
6 DPH.6
5 DPH.5
4 DPH.4
3 DPH.3
2 DPH.2
1 DPH.1
0 DPH.0
Address: 83h
This is the high byte of the standard 8032 16-bit data pointer. TIMER 3 LSB
Bit: 7 TL3.7
Mnemonic: TL3
6 TL3.6
5 TL3.5
4 TL3.4
3 TL3.3
2 TL3.2
1 TL3.1
0 TL3.0
Address: 84h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
Timer 3 LSB
LSB of Timer3
TIMER 3 MSB
Bit: 7 TH3.7
Mnemonic: TH3
6 TH3.6
5 TH3.5
4 TH3.4
3 TH3.3
2 TH3.2
1 TH3.1
0 TH3.0
Address: 85h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
Timer 3 MSB
MSB of Timer3
LCD DATA REGISTER
Bit: 7 Bit7
Mnemonic: LCDDATA
6 Bit6
5 Bit5
4 Bit4
3 Bit3
2 Bit2
1 Bit1
0 Bit0
Address: 86h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
LCDDATA
Data written to this register will be display to the LCD Segment and Common. 0: Turn OFF LCD. 1: Turn ON LCD.
POWER CONTROL
Bit: 7 SMOD
Mnemonic: PCON
6 SMOD0
5 -
4 -
3 GF1
2 GF0
1 PD
0 IDL
Address: 87h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5-4 3-2 1
SMOD SMOD0 GF1-0 PD
This bit doubles the serial port baud rate in mode 1, 2, and 3 when set to 1. Framing Error Detection Enable. When SMOD0 is set to 1, then SCON.7 (SCON1.7) now indicates a Frame Error and acts as the FE (FE_1) flag. When SMOD0 is 0, then SCON.7 (SCON1.7) acts as per the standard 8032 function. Reserved. These two bits are general purpose user flags. Setting this bit causes the device to go into the POWERDOWN mode. In this mode all the clocks are stopped and program execution is frozen. Setting this bit causes the device to go into the IDLE mode. In this mode the clock to the CPU is stopped, so program execution is frozen, but the clock to the serial ports, timer, PWM, ADC, SPI and interrupt blocks is not stopped, and these blocks continue operating unhindered.
0
IDL
TIMER CONTROL
Bit: 7 TF1
Mnemonic: TCON
6 TR1
5 TF0
4 TR0
3 IE1
2 IT1
1 IE0
0 IT0
Address: 88h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4
TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0
Timer 1 Overflow Flag. This bit is set when Timer 1 overflows. It is cleared automatically when the program does a timer 1 interrupt service routine. Software can also set or clear this bit. Timer 1 Run Control. This bit is set or cleared by software to turn timer/counter on or off. Timer 0 Overflow Flag. This bit is set when Timer 0 overflows. It is cleared automatically when the program does a timer 0 interrupt service routine. Software can also set or clear this bit. Timer 0 Run Control. This bit is set or cleared by software to turn timer/counter on or off. Interrupt 1 Edge Detect Flag: Set by hardware when an edge/level is detected on INT1. This bit is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was edge triggered. Otherwise it follows the inverse of the pin. Interrupt 1 Type Control. Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/ low level triggered external inputs. Interrupt 0 Edge Detect Flag. Set by hardware when an edge/level is detected on INT0. This bit is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was edge triggered. Otherwise it follows the inverse of the pin. Interrupt 0 Type Control: Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/ low level triggered external inputs.
3
IE1
2
IT1
1
IE0
0
IT0
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
TIMER MODE CONTROL
Bit: 7 GATE TIMER1
Mnemonic: TMOD
6
C/ T
5 M1
4 M0
3 GATE TIMER0
2
C/ T
1 M1
0 M0
Address: 89h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Gating control: When this bit is set, Timer 1 is enabled only while the INT1 pin is high GATE and the TR1 control bit is set. When cleared, the INT1 pin has no effect, and Timer 1 is enabled whenever TR1 is set. Timer or Counter Select: When clear, Timer 1 is incremented by the internal clock. C/ T When set, the timer counts falling edges on the T1 pin. M1 Timer 1 mode select bit 1. See table below. M0 Timer 1 mode select bit 0. See table below. Gating control: When this bit is set, Timer 0 is enabled only while the INT0 pin is high GATE and the TR0 control bit is set. When cleared, the INT0 pin has no effect, and Timer 0 is enabled whenever TR0 is set. Timer or Counter Select: When clear, Timer 0 is incremented by the internal clock. C/ T When set, the timer counts falling edges on the T0 pin. M1 Timer 0 mode select bit 1. See table below. M0 Timer 0 mode select bit 0. See table below.
M1, M0: Mode Select bits: M1 M0 Mode 0 0 Mode 0: 8-bit timer/counter TLx serves as 5-bit pre-scale. 0 1 Mode 1: 16-bit timer/counter, no pre-scale. 1 0 Mode 2: 8-bit timer/counter with auto-reload from THx 1 1 Mode 3: (Timer 0) TL0 is an 8-bit timer/counter controlled by the standard Timer-0 control bits. TH0 is an 8-bit timer only controlled by Timer-1 control bits. (Timer 1) Timer/Counter 1 is stopped. TIMER 0 LSB
Bit: 7 TL0.7
Mnemonic: TL0
6 TL0.6
5 TL0.5
4 TL0.4
3 TL0.3
2 TL0.2
1 TL0.1
0 TL0.0
Address: 8Ah
TL0.7-0 TIMER 1 LSB
Bit: 7 TL1.7
Mnemonic: TL1
Timer 0 LSB
6 TL1.6 5 TL1.5 4 TL1.4 3 TL1.3 2 TL1.2 1 TL1.1 0 TL1.0
Address: 8Bh
TL1.7-0
Timer 1 LSB
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
TIMER 0 MSB
Bit: 7 TH0.7
Mnemonic: TH0
6 TH0.6
5 TH0.5
4 TH0.4
3 TH0.3
2 TH0.2
1 TH0.1
0 TH0.0
Address: 8Ch
TH0.7-0 TIMER 1 MSB
Bit: 7
Timer 0 MSB
6 TH1.6 5 TH1.5 4 TH1.4 3 TH1.3 2 TH1.2 1 TH1.1 0 TH1.0
Address: 8Dh
TH1.7
Mnemonic: TH1
TH1.7-0
Bit: 7 WD1
Mnemonic: CKCON
Timer 1 MSB
6 WD0 5 T2M 4 T1M 3 T0M 2 MD2 1 MD1 0 MD0
Address: 8Eh
CLOCK CONTROL
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5
WD1 WD0 T2M
Watchdog Timer mode select bit 1. See table below. Watchdog Timer mode select bit 0. See table below. Timer 2 clock select: 1: divide-by-4 clock. 0: divide-by-12 clock. Timer 1 clock select: 1: divide-by-4 clock. 0: divide-by-12 clock. Timer 0 clock select: 1: divide-by-4 clock. 0: divide-by-12 clock. Stretch MOVX select bit 2: MD2, MD1, and MD0 select the stretch value for the MOVX instruction. The RD or WR strobe is stretched by the selected interval, which enables the device to access faster or slower external memory devices or peripherals without the need for external circuits. By default, the stretch value is one. See table below. (Note: When accessing on-chip SRAM, these bits have no effect, and the MOVX instruction always takes two machine cycles.) Stretch MOVX select bit 1. See MD2. Stretch MOVX select bit 0. See MD2.
4
T1M
3
T0M
2
MD2
1 0
MD1 MD0
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
WD1, WD0: Mode Select bits: These bits determine the time-out periods for the Watchdog Timer. The reset time-out period is 512 clocks more than the interrupt time-out period.
WD1 WD0 INTERRUPT TIME-OUT RESET TIME-OUT
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
2 2 2 2
17 20 23 26
2 2 2 2
17 20 23 26
+ 512 + 512 + 512 + 512
MD2, MD1, MD0: Stretch MOVX select bits:
MD2 MD1 MD0 STRETCH VALUE MOVX DURATION
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 machine cycles 3 machine cycles (Default) 4 machine cycles 5 machine cycles 6 machine cycles 7 machine cycles 8 machine cycles 9 machine cycles
CLOCK CONTROL 1
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: CKCON1
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 -
2 -
1 CCDIV1
0 CCDIV0
Address: 8Fh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-2
-
Reserved. Timer 3 clock select.
1-0
CCDIV
CCDIV1 0 0 1 1
CCDIV0 0 1 0 1
Timer 3 clock Fosc Fosc/4 Fosc/16 Fosc/32
PORT 1
Bit: 7 P1.7
Mnemonic: P1
6 P1.6
5 P1.5
4 P1.4
3 P1.3
2 P1.2
1 P1.1
0 P1.0
Address: 90h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P1
General purpose I/O port. Most instructions will read the port pins in case of a port read access, however in case of read-modify-write instructions, the port latch is read. Some pins also have alternate input or output functions. The alternate functions are described below.
ALTERNATE FUNCTION1
ALTERNATE FUNCTION2
P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7
T2: External I/O for Timer/Counter 2 PWM Brake RXD1 TXD1
ADC0: Analog input0 ADC1: Analog input1 ADC2: Analog input2 ADC3: Analog input3 ADC4: Analog input4 ADC5: Analog input5 ADC6: Analog input6 ADC7: Analog input7
EXTERNAL INTERRUPT FLAG
Bit: 7 IE5
Mnemonic: EXIF
6 IE4
5 IE3
4 IE2
3 -
2 -
1 -
0 Address: 91h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3-0
IE5 IE4 IE3 IE2 -
External Interrupt 5 flag. Set by hardware when a rising/falling/both edges is detected onINT5 pin. External Interrupt 4 flag. Set by hardware when a rising/falling/both edges is detected on INT4 pin. External Interrupt 3 flag. Set by hardware when a rising/falling/both edges is detected on INT3 pin. External Interrupt 2 flag. Set by hardware when a rising edge is detected on INT2 pin. Reserved.
PORT 4 CONTROL REGISTER A
Bit: 7 P41FUN1
Mnemonic: P4CONA
6 P41FUN0
5
4
3 P40FUN1
2
1
0
P41CMP1 P41CMP0
P40FUN0 P40CMP1 P40CMP0
Address: 92h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PORT 4 CONTROL REGISTER B
Bit: 7 P43FUN1
Mnemonic: P4CONB
6 P43FUN0
5 P43CMP1
4 P43CMP0
3 P42FUN1
2
1
0
P42FUN0 P42CMP1 P42CMP0
Address: 93h
BIT NAME
FUNCTION
P4xFUN1, P4xFUN0
Port 4 alternate modes. =00: Mode 0. P4.x is a general purpose I/O port which is the same as Port 1. =01: Mode 1. P4.x is a Read Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL and bits P4xCMP1, P4xCMP0. =10: Mode 2. P4.x is a Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL and bits P4xCMP1, P4xCMP0.
=11: Mode 3. P4.x is a Read/Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL and bits P4xCMP1, P4xCMP0.
P4xCMP1, P4xCMP0
Port 4 Chip-select Mode address comparison: =00: Compare the full address (16 bits length) with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL. =01: Compare the 15 high bits (A15-A1) of address bus with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL. =10: Compare the 14 high bits (A15-A2) of address bus with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL.
=11: Compare the 8 high bits (A15-A8) of address bus with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL.
P4.0 BASE ADDRESS LOW BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A7
Mnemonic: P40AL
6 A6
5 A5
4 A4
3 A3
2 A2
1 A1
0 A0
Address: 94h
P4.0 BASE ADDRESS HIGH BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A15
Mnemonic: P40AH
6 A14
5 A13
4 A12
3 A11
2 A10
1 A9
0 A8
Address: 95h
P4.1 BASE ADDRESS LOW BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A7
Mnemonic: P41AL
6 A6
5 A5
4 A4
3 A3
2 A2
1 A1
0 A0
Address: 96h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
P4.1 BASE ADDRESS HIGH BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A15
Mnemonic: P41AH
6 A14
5 A13
4 A12
3 A11
2 A10
1 A9
0 A8
Address: 97h
SERIAL PORT CONTROL
Bit: 7 SM0/FE
Mnemonic: SCON
6 SM1
5 SM2
4 REN
3 TB8
2 RB8
1 TI
0 RI
Address: 98h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6
5
4 3 2
1
0
Serial Port mode select bit 0 or Framing Error Flag: This bit is controlled by the SMOD0 bit in the PCON register. SM0/FE (SM0) See table below. (FE) This bit indicates an invalid stop bit. It must be manually cleared by software. SM1 Serial Port mode select bit 1. See table below. Serial Port Clock or Multi-Processor Communication. (Mode 0) This bit controls the serial port clock. If set to zero, the serial port runs at a divide-by-12 clock of the oscillator. This is compatible with the standard 8051/52. If SM2 set to one, the serial clock is a divide-by-4 clock of the oscillator. (Mode 1) If SM2 is set to one, RI is not activated if a valid stop bit is not received. (Modes 2 / 3) This bit enables multi-processor communication. If SM2 is set to one, RI is not activated if RB8, the ninth data bit, is zero. Receive enable: REN 1: Enable serial reception. 0: Disable serial reception. TB8 (Modes 2 / 3) This is the 9th bit to transmit. This bit is set by software. (Mode 0) No function. RB8 (Mode 1) If SM2 = 0, RB8 is the stop bit that was received. (Modes 2 / 3) This is the 9th bit that was received. Transmit interrupt flag: This flag is set by the hardware at the end of the 8th bit in TI mode 0 or at the beginning of the stop bit in the other modes during serial transmission. This bit must be cleared by software. Receive interrupt flag: This flag is set by the hardware at the end of the 8th bit in RI mode 0 or halfway through the stop bits in the other modes during serial reception. However, SM2 can restrict this behavior. This bit can only be cleared by software.
SM1, SM0: Mode Select bits:
SM0 SM1 MODE DESCRIPTION LENGTH BAUD RATE
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 2 3
Synchronous Asynchronous Asynchronous Asynchronous
8 10 11 11
Tclk divided by 4 or 12 Variable Tclk divided by 32 or 64 Variable
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
ERIAL DATA BUFFER
Bit: 7 SBUF.7
Mnemonic: SBUF
6 SBUF.6
5 SBUF.5
4 SBUF.4
3 SBUF.3
2 SBUF.2
1 SBUF.1
0 SBUF.0
Address: 99h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SBUF
Serial data is read from or written to this location. It consists of two separate 8 bit registers. One is the receive buffer, and the other is the transmit buffer. Any read access gets data from the receive data buffer, while write access is to the transmit data buffer.
P4.2 BASE ADDRESS LOW BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A7
Mnemonic: P42AL
6 A6
5 A5
4 A4
3 A3
2 A2
1 A1
0 A0
Address: 9Ah
P4.2 BASE ADDRESS HIGH BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A15
Mnemonic: P42AH
6 A14
5 A13
4 A12
3 A11
2 A10
1 A9
0 A8
Address: 9Bh
P4.3 BASE ADDRESS LOW BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A7
Mnemonic: P43AL
6 A6
5 A5
4 A4
3 A3
2 A2
1 A1
0 A0
Address: 9Ch
P4.3 BASE ADDRESS HIGH BYTE REGISTER
Bit: 7 A15
Mnemonic: P43AH
6 A14
5 A13
4 A12
3 A11
2 A10
1 A9
0 A8
Address: 9Dh
NVM CONTROL
Bit: 7 EER
Mnemonic: NVMCON
6 EWR
5 EnNVM
4 -
3 -
2 -
1 -
0 NVMF
Address: 9Eh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
EER
Set this bit to erase NVM data of page (n) to FFH. The NVM has 32 pages that each page has 64 bytes data memory. By select NVMADDRH and NVMADDRL of NVM address registers that will automatic enable page area. If set this bit, the page will be page erased, after finished, the NVMF flag will be set to "1", then this bit will be cleared. If NVMF flag is set, the erase and write NVM data memory are invalid.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
6
EWR
5 4~1 0
EnNVM NVMF
Set this bit is write data to NVM data memory by NVMADDRH and NVMADDRL to decode NVM data memory. If finished, NVMF flag will be set to "1", and then this bit will be cleared. If NVMF flag is set, the erase and write NVM are invalid. To enable read NVM data memory area, refer as below table. 0: To disable the MOVX instruction to read NVM data memory. 1: To enable the MOVX instruction to read NVM data memory, the External RAM or AUX-RAM will be disabled. Reserved. NVM data memory erases or writes finished flag. If NVM data memory is finished by erase or write, it will be set to "1" by hardware and clear by software. And it will be interrupted when NVM erase/write interrupt is enabled.
ISP CONTROL REGISTER
Bit: 7 SWRST/ HWB
Mnemonic: CHPCON
6 -
5 LD/AP
4 -
3 -
2 -
1 LDSEL
0 ENP
Address: 9Fh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
Write access to this bit is different from read access. Write this bit to 1 to force the microcontroller to reset to the initial condition, just like power-on reset. This action re-boots the microcontroller and starts normal W:SWRST 7 operation. This bit will be cleared during the reset. R:HWB Read this bit to determine whether or not a hardware reboot is in progress. If CPU is rebooted by P3.6 & P3.7 or P4.3, this bit is set to 1 after the hardware reboot. 6Reserved. LD/AP 0: CPU is executing AP Flash EPROM 5 (read-only) 1: CPU is executing LD Flash EPROM 4-2 Reserved. Loader Program Location Selection. This bit should be set before entering ISP mode. LDSEL 0: The executing program is in the 64-KB AP Flash EPROM. The 4-KB LD 1 Flash EPROM is the destination for re-programming. (write-only) 1: The executing program is in the 4-KB memory bank. The 64-KB AP Flash EPROM is the destination for re-programming. FLASH EPROM Programming Enable. 1: Enable in-system programming mode. In this mode, erase, program and read 0 ENP operations are achieved. 0: Disable in-system programming mode. The on-chip flash memory is read-only. The way to enter ISP mode is to set ENP to 1 and write LDSEL properly then force CPU in IDLE mode, after IDLE mode is released CPU will restart from AP or LD ROM according the value of LDSEL. Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
- 33 -
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PORT 2
Bit: 7 P2.7
Mnemonic: P2
6 P2.6
5 P2.5
4 P2.4
3 P2.3
2 P2.2
1 P2.1
0 P2.0
Address: A0h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P2
This port functions as an address bus during external memory access, and as a general-purpose I/O port on devices that incorporate internal program memory. When P2 functions a non-multiplexed address bus A15-A8 the port latch cannot be used for general I/O purposes but exists to support the MOVX instructions. Port 2 data will only be brought out on the P2.7-0 pins during indirect MOVX instructions.
ALTERNATE FUNCTION
P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 XRAMAH
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: XRAMAH
PWM0 output. PWM1 output. PWM2 output. PWM3 output. PWM4 output. PWM5 output. SCL, I2C serial clock. SDA, I2C serial data.
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 -
2 A10
1 A9
0 A8
Address: A1h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-3
-
Reserved. XRAMAH is used for high byte address memory access through A15-8, when CPU executes MOVX with R0 (or R1) instructions. Depending EnNVM and DME0 setting, and address, the memory accessed may differs. Table below shows the memory access destination. This device has on-chip sram fixed at 2K bytes.
2-0
A10-8
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
EnNVM = 1
INSTR.
NVM Size = SRAM (2K)
Addr 2K Addr > 2K
NVM Size (1K) : Note < SRAM (2K) DME0 = 0
Addr 1K < Addr< 2K 1K/512B/256B NVM
1
DME0 = 1
Addr > 2K Ext 1 memory Addr 1K/512B/2 56B NVM
1
1K < Addr < 2K SRAM
1
Addr > 2K Ext 1 memory
MOVX A, @DPTR (Read) MOVX @R0 (Read) MOVX @R1 (Read) MOVX @DPTR, A (Write) MOVX @R0, A (Write) MOVX @R1, A (Write) A, A,
NVM
1
Ext 1 memory
Ext memory
1
NVM
2
Invalid 2 NVM (see Note)
Ext memory 3 Port2:GPIO
Invalid (see Note)
NVM
2
SRAM
2
Invalid (see ote)
NVM
2
Invalid (see Note)
NVM
2
Ext memory 3 Port2:GPIO
Invalid (see Note)
NVM
2
SRAM
2
Invalid (see Note)
NOP
Ext 1 memory
NOP
Ext memory
1
Ext 1 memory
NOP
SRAM
1
Ext 1 memory
NOP
NOP
NOP
Ext memory 3 Port2:GPIO
Invalid (see Note)
NOP
SRAM
2
Invalid (see Note)
NOP
NOP
NOP
Ext memory 3 Port2:GPIO
Invalid (see Note)
NOP
SRAM
2
Invalid (see Note)
Tabel 7-1: Memory Access Destination 1. 2. 3. A15~A0=DPTR A15~A8=XRAMAH A15~A8=P2(GPIO), XRAMAH is invalid.
Note: User should take care when accessing the memory with this instruction. Access to invalid regions may cause undesirable results. PORT 4 CHIP-SELECT POLARITY
Bit: 7 P43INV
Mnemonic: P4CSIN
6 P42INV
5 P41INV
4 P40INV
3 -
2 PWDNH
1 RMWFP
0 PUP0
Address: A2h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-4 3 2 1 0
P4xINV PWDNH RMWFP PUP0
The Active Polarity of P4.x when it is set as a chip-select strobe output. High = Active High. Low = Active Low. Note: x = 3,2,1,0. Reserved. Set PWDNH to logic 1 then ALE and PSEN will keep high state, clear this bit to logic 0 then ALE and PSEN will output low during power down mode. Control Read Path of Instruction "Read-Modify-Write". When this bit is set, the read path of executing "read-modify-write" instruction is from port pin otherwise from SFR. Enable Port 0 weak pull up.
CAPTURE CONTROL 0 REGISTER
Bit: 7 CCT2.1
Mnemonic: CAPCON0
6 CCT2.0
5 CCT1.1
4 CCT1.0
3 CCT0.1
2 CCT0.0
1 CCLD1
0 CCLD0
Address: A3h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6
CCT2.1-0
5-4
CCT1.1-0
3-2
CCT0.1-0
1-0
CCLD.1-0
Capture 2 edge select. CCT2.1 CCT2.0 Description 0 0 Rising edge trigger 0 1 Falling edge trigger 1 0 Rising or falling edge trigger 1 1 Reserved. Capture 1 edge select. CCT1.1 CCT1.0 Description 0 0 Rising edge trigger 0 1 Falling edge trigger 1 0 Rising or falling edge trigger 1 1 Reserved. Capture 0 edge select. CCT0.1 CCT0.0 Description 0 0 Rising edge trigger 0 1 Falling edge trigger 1 0 Rising or falling edge trigger 1 1 Reserved. Reload trigger select. CCLD1 CCLD0 Description 0 0 Timer 3 overflow (default) 0 1 Reload by capture 0 block 1 0 Reload by capture 1 block 1 1 Reload by capture 2 block
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
CAPTURE CONTROL 1 REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: CAPCON1
6 -
5 ENF2
4 ENF1
3 ENF0
2 CPTF2
1 CPTF1/
0 CPTF0
Address: A4h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6 5 4 3 2
ENF2 ENF1 ENF0 CPTF2
Reserved. Enable filter for capture input 2. Enable filter for capture input 1. Enable filter for capture input 0. Input capture/reload 2 interrupt flag. Input Capture 2 flag share the same bit with DIRF flag. IC mode - Input capture/reload 1 interrupt flag. QEI mode - Direction changed interrupt flag. Bit is set by hardware when direction index (DIR) changes state and direction change interrupt is requested if it is enabled. DIRF is cleared by software. Input Capture 0 flag share the same bit with QEI flag. IC mode - Input capture/reload 0 interrupt flag. QEI mode - QEI interrupt flag. 1. In free-counting mode, if Pulse Counter overflows or underflows. 2. In compare-counting mode, if Pulse Counter overflows from Maximum Count to zero or underflows from zero to Maximum Count.
1
CPTF1/DIRF
0
CPTF0/QEIF
PORT 4
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: P4
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 P4.3
2 P4.2
1 P4.1
0 P4.0
Address: A5h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-4 3-2 1 0
P4 P4 P4
Reserved. GPIO. GPIO. Alternate function T2EX/IC2 for Timer 2 external trigger/Input Capture 2 respectively. GPIO. Alternate function STADC. External start ADC trigger input.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
INPUT CAPTURE 2/MAXIMUM COUNTER LOW REGISTER
Bit: 7 6 5
CCL2.5/M AXCNTL. 5
4
CCL2.4/ MAXCNT L.4
3
CCL2.3/ MAXCNT L.3
2
CCL2.2/ MAXCNT L.2
1
CCL2.1/M AXCNTL. 1
0
CCL2.0/M AXCNTL. 0
CCL2.7/ CCL2.6/M MAXCNTL. AXCNTL. 7 6
Mnemonic: CCL2/MAXCNTL
Address: A6h
INPUT CAPTURE 2/MAXIMUM COUNTER HIGH REGISTER
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CCH2.7/ CCH2.6/ CCH2.5/ CCH2.4/ CCH2.3/ CCH2.2/ CCH2.1/ CCH2.0/ MAXCNTH. MAXCNTH MAXCNTH MAXCNTH MAXCNTH MAXCNTH MAXCNTH. MAXCNTH. 7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 1 0
Mnemonic: CCH2/MAXCNTH Address: A7h
INTERRUPT ENABLE
Bit: 7 EA
Mnemonic: IE
6 EADC
5 ET2
4 ES
3 ET1
2 EX1
1 ET0
0 EX0
Address: A8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
EA EADC ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0
Global enable: Enable/disable all interrupts. Enable ADC interrupt. Enable Timer 2 interrupt. Enable Serial Port 0 interrupts. Enable Timer 1 interrupt. Enable external interrupt 1. Enable Timer 0 interrupt. Enable external interrupt 0.
SLAVE ADDRESS
Bit: 7 SADDR.7
Mnemonic: SADDR
6 SADDR.6
5 SADDR.5
4 SADDR.4
3 SADDR.3
2 SADDR.2
1 SADDR.1
0 SADDR.0
Address: A9h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SADDR
The SADDR should be programmed to the given or broadcast address for serial port to which the slave processor is designated.
SLAVE ADDRESS 1
Bit: 7 SADDR1.7
Mnemonic: SADDR1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SADDR1.6 SADDR1.5 SADDR1.4 SADDR1.3 SADDR1.2 SADDR1.1 SADDR1.0
Address: AAh
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT NAME FUNCTION
7-0
SADDR1
The SADDR1 should be programmed to the given or broadcast address for serial port 1 to which the slave processor is designated.
LCD POINTER REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: LCDPT
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 LCDPT.3
2 LCDPT.2
1 LCDPT.1
0 LCDPT.0
Address: ABh
BIT
7-4 3-0 -
NAME
Reserved. Address pointer between 0h~Fh. LCDPT
FUNCTION
ISP ADDRESS LOW BYTE
Bit: 7 A7
Mnemonic: SFRAL
6 A6
5 A5
4 A4
3 A3
2 A2
1 A1
0 A0
Address: ACh
Low byte destination address for In System Programming operations. ISP ADDRESS HIGH BYTE
Bit: 7 A15
Mnemonic: SFRAH
6 A14
5 A13
4 A12
3 A11
2 A10
1 A9
0 A8
Address: ADh
Low byte destination address for In System Programming operations. (SFRAH, SFRAL) represents the address of the ROM byte that will be erased, programmed or read. ISP DATA BUFFER
Bit: 7 D7
Mnemonic: SFRFD
6 D6
5 D5
4 D4
3 D3
2 D2
1 D1
0 D0
Address: AEh
In ISP mode, read/write a specific byte ROM content must go through SFRFD register. ISP OPERATION MODES
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: SFRCN
6 WFWIN
5 NOE
4 NCE
3 CTRL3
2 CTRL2
1 CTRL1
0 CTRL0
Address: AFh
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3-0
WFWIN NOE NCE CTRL
Reserved. On-chip FLASH EPROM bank select for in-system programming. 0= AP FLASH EPROM bank is selected as destination for re-programming. 1= LD FLASH EPROM bank is selected as destination for re-programming. Flash EPROM output enable. Flash EPROM chip enable. The Flash Control Signals.
ISP MODE
WFWIN
NOE
NCE
CTRL[3:0]
SFRAH, SFRAL
SFRFD
Erase 4KB LD Flash Erase 64K AP Flash0 Program 4KB LD Flash Program 64KB AP Flash0 Read 4KB LD Flash Read 64KB AP Flash0 PORT 3
Bit: 7 P3.7
Mnemonic: P3
1 0 1 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0010 0010 0001 0001 0000 0000
X X Address in Address in Address in Address in
X X Data in Data in Data out Data out
6 P3.6
5 P3.5
4 P3.4
3 P3.3
2 P3.2
1 P3.1
0 P3.0
Address: B0h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P3
General purpose I/O port. Each pin also has an alternate input or output function that is controlled by other SFRs. The alternate function is enabled if the corresponding port latch bit is set to 1.
ALTERNATE FUNCTION
P3.7 P3.6 P3.5 P3.4 P3.3 P3.2 P3.1 P3.0
RD Strobe for read from external RAM. WR Strobe for write to external RAM. T1/IC1/QEB; Timer/counter 1 external count input/Input Capture 1/QEI input B. T0/IC0/QEA; Timer/counter 0 external count input/Input Capture 0/QEI input A. INT0 External interrupt 1. INT1 External interrupt 0. TxD Serial port output. RxD Serial port input.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PORT 5
Bit: 7 P5.7
Mnemonic: P5
6 P5.6
5 P5.5
4 P5.4
3 P5.3
2 P5.2
1 P5.1
0 P5.0
Address: B1h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P5
General purpose I/O port. Each pin also has an alternate input or output function. This port can not support bit addressable.
ALTERNATE FUNCTION
P5[7:2] P5.1 P5.0 PORT 6
Bit: 7 P6.7
Mnemonic: P6
SEG [15:10] PWM7 output function PWM6 output function
6 P6.6
5 P6.5
4 P6.4
3 P6.3
2 P6.2
1 P6.1
0 P6.0
Address: B2h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P6
General purpose I/O port. The alternate function of P6[7:0] is SEG[23:16]. This port can not support bit addressable.
ALTERNATE FUNCTION
P6[7:0] PORT 7
Bit: 7 P7.7
Mnemonic: P7
SEG [23:16]
6 P7.6
5 P7.5
4 P7.4
3 P7.3
2 P7.2
1 P7.1
0 P7.0
Address: B3h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P7
General purpose I/O port. The alternate function of P7[7:0] is SEG[31:24]. This port can not support bit addressable.
ALTERNATE FUNCTION
P7[7:0]
SEG [31:24]
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
TIMER 3 RELOAD LSB
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RCAP3L.7 RCAP3L.6 RCAP3L.5 RCAP3L.4 RCAP3L.3 RCAP3L.2 RCAP3L.1 RCAP3L.0
Mnemonic: RCAP3L Address: B4h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
RCAP3L
Timer 3 Reload LSB: This register is LSB of a 16 bit reload value when timer 3 is configured in reload mode. It served also as a compare register when timer 3 is configured as compare mode (see CMP/RL3 bit).
TIMER 3 RELOAD MSB
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RCAP3H.7 RCAP3H.6 RCAP3H.5 RCAP3H.4 RCAP3H.3 RCAP3H.2 RCAP3H.1 RCAP3H.0
Mnemonic: RCAP3H Address: B5h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
RCAP3H
Timer 3 Reload MSB: This register is MSB of a 16 bit reload value when timer 3 is configured in reload mode. It served also as a compare register when timer 3 is configured as compare mode (see CMP/RL3 bit).
EXTENDED INTERRUPT HIGH PRIORITY 1
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: EIP1
6 -
5 PNVMIH
4 PCPTFH
3 PT3H
2 PBKFH
1 PPWMFH
0 PSPIH
Address: B6h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6 5 4 3 2 1 0
PNVMIH PCPTFH PT3H PBKFH PPWMFH PSPIH
Reserved. NVM interrupt High priority. PNVMIH = 1 sets it to highest priority level. Capture/reload Interrupt High priority. PCPTFH = 1 sets it to highest priority level. Timer 3 Interrupt High priority. PT3H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. PWM Brake Interrupt High priority. PBKFH = 1 sets it to highest priority level. PWM period Interrupt High priority. PPWMFH = 1 sets it to highest priority level. SPI Interrupt High Priority. PSPIH = 1 sets it to highest priority level.
INTERRUPT HIGH PRIORITY
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: IPH
6 PADCH
5 PT2H
4 PSHH
3 PT1H
2 PX1H
1 PT0H
0 PX0H
Address: B7h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
PADCH PT2H PSH PT1H PX1H PT0H PX0H
Reserved. This bit defines the ADC interrupt High priority. PADCH = 1 sets it to highest priority level. This bit defines the Timer 2 interrupt High priority. PT2H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. This bit defines the Serial port 0 interrupt High priority. PSH = 1 sets it to highest priority level. This bit defines the Timer 1 interrupt High priority. PT1H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. This bit defines the External interrupt 1 High priority. PX1H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. This bit defines the Timer 0 interrupt High priority. PT0H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. This bit defines the External interrupt 0 High priority. PX0H = 1 sets it to highest priority level.
INTERRUPT PRIORITY
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: IP
6 PADC
5 PT2
4 PS
3 PT1
2 PX1
1 PT0
0 PX0
Address: B8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
PADC PT2 PS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0
Reserved. This bit defines the ADC interrupt priority. PADC = 1 sets it to higher priority level. This bit defines the Timer 2 interrupt priority. PT2 = 1 sets it to higher priority level. This bit defines the Serial port 0 interrupt priority. PS = 1 sets it to higher priority level. This bit defines the Timer 1 interrupt priority. PT1 = 1 sets it to higher priority level. This bit defines the External interrupt 1 priority. PX1 = 1 sets it to higher priority level. This bit defines the Timer 0 interrupt priority. PT0 = 1 sets it to higher priority level. This bit defines the External interrupt 0 priority. PX0 = 1 sets it to higher priority level.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
SLAVE ADDRESS MASK ENABLE
Bit: 7 SADEN.7
Mnemonic: SADEN
6 SADEN.6
5 SADEN.5
4 SADEN.4
3 SADEN.3
2 SADEN.2
1 SADEN.1
0 SADEN.0
Address: B9h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SADEN
This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the Serial port. When a bit in the SADEN is set to 1, the same bit location in SADDR will be compared with the incoming serial port data. When SADEN.n is 0, then the bit becomes don't care in the comparison. This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the Serial port. When all the bits of SADEN are 0, interrupt will occur for any incoming address.
SLAVE ADDRESS MASK ENABLE 1
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SADEN1.7 SADEN1.6 SADEN1.5 SADEN1.4 SADEN1.3 SADEN1.2 SADEN1.1 SADEN1.0
Mnemonic: SADEN1 Address: BAh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SADEN1
This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the Serial port 1. When a bit in the SADEN1 is set to 1, the same bit location in SADDR1 will be compared with the incoming serial port data. When SADEN1.n is 0, then the bit becomes don't care in the comparison. This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the Serial port. When all the bits of SADEN1 are 0, interrupt will occur for any incoming address.
PWM OUTPUT OVERRIDE CONTROL REGISTERS
Bit: 7 POVM.7
Mnemonic: POVM
6 POVM.6
5 POVM.5
4 POVM.4
3 POVM.3
2 POVM.2
1 POVM.1
0 POVM.0
Address: BBh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
POVM
PWM Override Mode enable bits; 0: The PWM output follows the corresponding PWM generator. 1: The PWM output is equal to corresponding bit in POVD.
PWM OUTPUT STATE REGISTERS
Bit: 7 POVD.7
Mnemonic: POVD
6 POVD.6
5 POVD.5
4 POVD.4
3 POVD.3
2 POVD.2
1 POVD.1
0 POVD.0
Address: BCh
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
POVD
PWM Override Data represents the value of PWM[7:0] respectively in override mode. 1 = Output on PWM I/O pin is ACTIVE when the corresponding PWM output override bit is cleared. 0 = Output on PWM I/O pin is INACTIVE when the corresponding PWM output override bit is cleared.
PWM PIN OUTPUT SOURCE SELECT
Bit: 7 PIO7
Mnemonic: PIO
6 PIO6
5 PIO5
4 PIO4
3 PIO3
2 PIO2
1 PIO1
0 PIO0
Address: BDh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
PIO.x
Select pin output source from PWM or I/O register; x=0~7; PIOn is effective only when option bit PWMOE/PWMEE/PWM6E/PWM7E is in enabled status. Reset value=0; 1 = Correspondent I/O pin with high source/sink current. 0 = PWMn output; n=0~7 with high source/sink current.
PWM OUTPUT ENABLE REGISTER
Bit: 7 PWM7EN
Mnemonic: PWMEN
6 PWM6EN
5 PWM5EN
4 PWM4EN
3 PWM3EN
2 PWM2EN
1 PWM1EN
0 PWM0EN
Address: BEh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
6,4,2,0
PWMeEN
Set high to enable even PWM output; e = 0,2,4,6; Reset value=0; 1 = Enable PWM output. 0 = Disable PWM output. Set high to enable odd PWM output; o = 1,3,5,7; Reset value=0; 1 = Enable PWM output. 0 = Disable PWM output.
7,5,3,1
PWMoEN
PWM 4 HIGH BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: PWM4H
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 PWM4.11
2 PWM4.10
1 PWM4.9
0 PWM4.8
Address: BFh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~4 3~0
PWM4.11 ~PWM4.8
Reserved The PWM 4 Register bit 11~8.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
SERIAL PORT CONTROL 1
Bit: 7 6 5 SM2_1 4 REN_1 3 TB8_1 2 RB8_1 1 TI_1 0 RI_1
Address: C0h
SM0_1/FE_1 SM1_1
Mnemonic: SCON1
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
Serial Port 1 mode select bit 0 or Framing Error Flag: This bit is controlled by the SM0_1/ SMOD0 bit in the PCON register. FE_1 (SM0) See table below. (FE) This bit indicates an invalid stop bit. It must be manually cleared by software. SM1_1 Serial Port 1 mode select bit 1. See table below. Serial Port Clock or Multi-Processor Communication. (Mode 0) This bit controls the serial port clock. If set to zero, the serial port runs at a divide-by-12 clock of the oscillator. This is compatible with the standard 8051/52. If set to one, the serial clock is a divide-by-4 clock of the oscillator. SM2_1 (Mode 1) If SM2_1 is set to one, RI_1 is not activated if a valid stop bit is not received. (Modes 2 / 3) This bit enables multi-processor communication. If SM2_1 is set to one, RI_1 is not activated if RB8_1, the ninth data bit, is zero. Receive enable: REN_1 1: Enable serial reception. 0: Disable serial reception. TB8_1 (Modes 2 / 3) This is the 9th bit to transmit. This bit is set by software. (Mode 0) No function. RB8_1 (Mode 1) If SM2_1 = 0, RB8_1 is the stop bit that was received. (Modes 2 / 3) This is the 9th bit that was received. TI_1 Transmit interrupt flag: This flag is set by the hardware at the end of the 8th bit in mode 0 or at the beginning of the stop bit in the other modes during serial transmission. This bit must be cleared by software. Receive interrupt flag: This flag is set by the hardware at the end of the 8th bit in mode 0 or halfway through the stop bits in the other modes during serial reception. However, SM2_1 can restrict this behavior. This bit can only be cleared by software.
6
5
4 3 2
1
0
RI_1
SM1_1, SM0_1: Mode Select bits:
SM0_1 SM1_1 MODE DESCRIPTION LENGTH BAUD RATE
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 2 3
Synchronous Asynchronous Asynchronous Asynchronous
8 10 11 11
Tclk divided by 4 or 12 Variable Tclk divided by 32 or 64 Variable
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
SERIAL DATA BUFFER 1
Bit: 7 SBUF_1.7
Mnemonic: SBUF1
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SBUF_1.6 SBUF_1.5 SBUF_1.4 SBUF_1.3 SBUF_1.2 SBUF_1.1 SBUF_1.0
Address: C1h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SBUF_1
For Serial Port 1. Serial data is read from or written to this location. It actually consists of two separate 8 bit registers. One is the receive buffer, and the other is the transmit buffer. Any read access gets data from the receive data buffer, while write access is to the transmit data buffer.
TIMER 3 MODE CONTROL
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Address: C2h
ENLD
Mnemonic: T3MOD
ICEN2
ICEN1
ICEN0
T3CR
-
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
ENLD
Enable reloads from RCAP3 registers to timer 3 counters. Capture 2 External Enable. This bit enables the capture/reload function on the IC2 pin. An edge trigger (programmable by CAPCON0.CCT2[1:0] bits) detected on the IC2 pin will result in capture from free running timer 3 counters to input capture 2 registers, or reload from RCAP3 registers to timer 3 counters. 1 = Enable. 0 = Disable. Capture 1 External Enable. This bit enables the capture/reload function on the IC1 pin. An edge trigger (programmable by CAPCON0.CCT1[1:0] bits) detected on the IC1 pin will result in capture from free running timer 3 counters to input capture 1 registers, or reload from RCAP3 registers to timer 3 counters. 1 = Enable. 0 = Disable. Capture 0 External Enable. This bit enables the capture/reload function on the IC0 pin. An edge trigger (programmable by CAPCON0.CCT0[1:0] bits) detected on the IC0 pin will result input capture from free running timer 3 counters to input capture 0 registers, or reload from RCAP3 registers to timer 3 counters. 1 = Enable. 0 = Disable. Timer 3 Capture Reset. In the Timer 3 Capture Mode this bit enables/disables hardware automatically reset timer 3 while the value in TL3 and TH3 have been transferred into the input capture register (CCLx, CCHx). Priority is given to T3CR to reset counter after capture. Reserved.
6
ICEN2
5
ICEN1
4
ICEN0
3 2-0
T3CR -
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
TIMER 3 CONTROL
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CMP / RL3
Address: C3h
TF3
Mnemonic: T3CON
-
-
-
-
TR3
-
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6-3 2 1 0
TF3 TR3 -
Timer 3 overflows flag. This bit is set when Timer 3 overflows. It is cleared only by software and set by hardware. Reserved. Timer 3 Run Control. This bit enables/disables the operation of timer 3. Halting this will preserve the current count in TH3, TL3. Reserved. Compare/Reload Select. This bit determines whether the Timer 3 will be use for compare or reload function. 0 = Timer 3 as reload mode, TF3 indicates the overflow flag 1 = Timer 3 as compare mode, TF3 indicates the compare match flag.
CMP / RL3
POWER MANAGEMENT REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: PMR
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 -
2 ALEOFF
1 -
0 DME0
Address: C4h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-3 2 1 0
ALEOFF DME0
Reserved. This bit disables the expression of the ALE signal on the device pin during all on board program and data memory accesses. External memory accesses will automatically enable ALE independent of ALEOFF. ALEOFF=0: ALE expression is enabled. ALEOFF=1: ALE expression is disabled. Reserved. This bit determines the on chip MOVX SRAM to be enabled or disabled. Set this bit to 1 will enable the on chip 2 KB MOVX SRAM.
FAULT SAMPLING TIME REGISTER
Bit: 7 SCMP1
Mnemonic: FSPLT
6 SCMP0
5 SFP1
4 SFP0
3 SFCEN
2 SFCST
1 SFCDIR
0 LSBD
Address: C5h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT NAME FUNCTION
7-6
5-4
3
2
1
0
Smart fault compare value selector (read/write): 00 = 4 SCMP [1:0] 01 = 16 10 = 64 11 = 128 Smart fault sampling frequency selector (read/write): 00 = FOSC/4 SFP[1:0] 01 = FOSC/8 10 = FOSC/16 11 = FOSC/128 Smart fault/brake counter enable (read/write): SFCEN 0 = Disable, and clear internal smart fault counter. 1 = Enable smart fault detector. Smart fault/brake counter status (read only): SFCST 0 = Counter is non-active. 1 = Counter is active. Smart fault/brake counters direction status (read only): SFCDIR 0 = Down counting. 1 = Up counting. Low level smart brake detector: LSBD 0 = Disable low level smart brake detector. 1 = Enable low level smart brake detector. It will be cleared by software.
ADC PIN SELECT
Bit: 7 ADCPS.7
Mnemonic: ADCPS
6 ADCPS.6
5 ADCPS.5
4 ADCPS.4
3 ADCPS.3
2 ADCPS.2
1 ADCPS.1
0 ADCPS.0
Address: C6h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
ADCPS
ADC input pin select. There are 8 ADC input pins shared with P1.0~P1.7. Its' functions are controlled by the bit value in ADCPS. Set the bit to switch the corresponding pin to ADC input port; clear the bit to disable the pin to perform ADC input port. The reset value is 00H.
CORRESPONDING PIN BIT CORRESPONDING PIN
BIT
ADCPS.0 ADCPS.1 ADCPS.2 ADCPS.3 TIMED ACCESS
Bit: 7 TA.7
Mnemonic: TA
P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3
ADCPS.4 ADCPS.5 ADCPS.6 ADCPS.7
P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7
6 TA.6
5 TA.5
4 TA.4
3 TA.3
2 TA.2
1 TA.1
0 TA.0
Address: C7h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT NAME FUNCTION
7-0
TA
The Timed Access register controls the access to protected bits. To access protected bits, the user must first write AAh to TA. This must be immediately followed by a write of 55h to TA. Now a window is opened in the protected bits for three machine cycles, during which the user can write to these bits. For detail data, please refer "TIMED ACCESS PROTECTION" section.
TIMER 2 CONTROL
Bit: 7 TF2
Mnemonic: T2CON
6 EXF2
5 RCLK
4 TCLK
3 EXEN2
2 TR2
1
C / T2
0
CP / RL2
Address: C8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
TF2
Timer 2 overflows flag. This bit is set when Timer 2 overflows. It is also set when the count is equal to the capture register in down count mode. It can be set only if RCLK and TCLK are both 0. It is cleared only by software. Software can also set this bit. Timer 2 External Flag. A negative transition on the T2EX pin (P4.1) or timer 2 underflow/overflow will cause this flag to set based on CP / RL2 , EXEN2 and DCEN bits. If EXF2 is set by a negative transition, this flag must be cleared by software. Setting this bit in software or detection of a negative transition on T2EX pin will force a timer interrupt if enabled. Receive clock Flag. This bit determines the serial port time-base when receiving data in serial modes 1 or 3. If it is 0, then timer 1 overflow is used for baud rate generation, else timer 2 overflow is used. Setting this bit forces timer 2 in baud rate generator mode. Transmit clock Flag: This bit determines the serial port time-base when transmitting data in mode 1 and 3. If it is set to 0, the timer 1 overflow is used to generate the baud rate clock; else timer 2 overflow is used. Setting this bit forces timer 2 in baud rate generator mode. Timer 2 External Enable. This bit enables the capture/reload function on the T2EX pin if Timer 2 is not generating baud clocks for the serial port. If this bit is 0, then the T2EX pin will be ignored, else a negative transition detected on the T2EX pin will result in capture or reload. Timer 2 Run Control. This bit enables/disables the operation of timer 2. Halting this will preserve the current count in TH2, TL2. Counter/Timer select. This bit determines whether timer 2 will function as a timer or a counter. Independent of this bit, the timer will run at 2 clocks per tick when used in baud rate generator mode. If it is set to 0, then timer 2 operates as a timer at a speed depending on T2M bit (CKCON.5), else, it will count negative edges on T2 pin. Capture/Reload Select. This bit determines whether the capture or reload function will be used for timer 2. If either RCLK or TCLK is set, this bit will not function and the timer will function in an auto-reload mode following each overflow. If the bit is 0 then auto-reload will occur when timer 2 overflows or a falling edge is detected on T2EX if EXEN2 =1. If this bit is 1, then timer 2 captures will occur when a falling edge is detected on T2EX if EXEN2=1.
6
EXF2
5
RCLK
4
TCLK
3
EXEN2
2
TR2
1
C/ T
0
CP/RL2
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
TIMER 2 MODE CONTROL
Bit: 7 HC5
Mnemonic: T2MOD
6 HC4
5 HC3
4 HC2
3 T2CR
2 -
1 -
0 DCEN
Address: C9h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2-1 0
HC5 HC4 HC3 HC2 T2CR DCEN
Hardware clears INT5 flag. Setting this bit allows the flag of External Interrupt 5 to be automatically cleared by hardware while entering the interrupt service routine. Hardware clears INT4 flag. Setting this bit allows the flag of External Interrupt 4 to be automatically cleared by hardware while entering the interrupt service routine. Hardware clears INT3 flag. Setting this bit allows the flag of External Interrupt 3 to be automatically cleared by hardware while entering the interrupt service routine. Hardware clears INT2 flag. Setting this bit allows the flag of External Interrupt 2 to be automatically cleared by hardware while entering the interrupt service routine. Timer 2 Capture Reset. In the Timer 2 Capture Mode this bit enables/disables hardware automatically reset timer 2 while the value in TL2 and TH2 have been transferred into the capture register. Reserved. Down Count Enable. This bit, in conjunction with the T2EX pin, controls the up/down direction that timer 2 counts in 16-bit auto-reload mode.
TIMER 2 CAPTURE LSB
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RCAP2L.7 RCAP2L.6 RCAP2L.5 RCAP2L.4 RCAP2L.3 RCAP2L.2 RCAP2L.1 RCAP2L.0
Mnemonic: RCAP2L Address: CAh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
RCAP2L
Timer 2 Capture LSB: This register is used to capture the TL2 value when a timer 2 is configured in capture mode. RCAP2L is also used as the LSB of a 16 bit reload value when timer 2 is configured in auto reload mode.
TIMER 2 CAPTURE MSB
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RCAP2H.0 RCAP2H.7 RCAP2H.6 RCAP2H.5 RCAP2H.4 RCAP2H.3 RCAP2H.2 RCAP2H.1
Mnemonic: RCAP2H
Address: CBh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
RCAP2H
Timer 2 Capture HSB: This register is used to capture the TH2 value when a timer 2 is configured in capture mode. RCAP2H is also used as the HSB of a 16 bit reload value when timer 2 is configured in auto reload mode.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
TIMER 2 LSB
Bit: 7 TL2.7
Mnemonic: TL2
6 TL2.6
5 TL2.5
4 TL2.4
3 TL2.3
2 TL2.2
1 TL2.1
0 TL2.0
Address: CCh
TL2 TIMER 2 MSB
Bit: 7
Timer 2 LSB
6 TH2.6 5 TH2.5 4 TH2.4 3 TH2.3 2 TH2.2 1 TH2.1 0 TH2.0
Address: CDh
TH2.7
Mnemonic: TH2
TH2
Bit: 7
Timer 2 MSB
6 BKCH BKPS 5 BPEN 4 BKEN 3 FP1 2 FP0 1 PMOD1 0 PMOD0
PWM CONTROL REGISTER 2
Mnemonic: PWMCON2
Address: CEh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
BKCH
See table below for BKCH settings. Select which brake condition triggers brake flag. LSBD bit is described in SFR FSPLT. BKPS LSBD Description 0 0 0 = Brake is asserted if P1.1 is low. 1 0 1 = Brake is asserted if P1.1 is high x 1 Low level smart brake detector. See table below for BPEN settings. 0 = The Brake is never asserted. 1 = The Brake is enabled. Select PWM frequency prescaler select bits. The clock source of prescaler, Fpwm is in phase with Fosc if PWMRUN=1. FP[1:0] Fpwm 00 FOSC 01 FOSC /2 10 FOSC /4 11 FOSC /16 PWM Mode selects bits: PMOD[1:0] Description 00 Edge-aligned mode. (up counter) 01 Single-shot mode. (up counter) 10 Center aligned mode (up-down counter) 11 Reserved
6
BKPS
5 4
BPEN BKEN
3-2
FP[1:0]
1-0
PMOD[1:0]
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Brake Condition Table
BPEN BKCH BRAKE CONDITION
0
0
Brake On, (Software brake and keeping brake). Software brake condition. When active (BPEN=BKCH=0, and BKEN=1), PWM output follows PWMnB setting. This brake has no effect on PWMRUN bit; therefore, internal PWM generator continues to run. When the brake is released, the state of PWM output depends on the current state of PWM generator output during the release. Brake On, when PWM is not running (PWMRUN=0), the PWM output condition is follow PWMnB setting. When the brake is released (by disabling BKEN = 0), the PWM output resumes to the state when PWM generator stop running prior to enabling the brake. Brake Off, when PWM is running (PWMRUN=1). Brake On, when Brake Pin asserted, PWM output follows PWMnB setting. The PWMRUN will be clear. External pin brake condition. When active (by external pin), PWM output follows PWMnB setting. PWMRUN will be cleared by hardware. BKF flag will be set. When the brake is released (by de-asserting the external pin + disabling BKEN = 0), the PWM output resumes to the state of the PWM generator output prior to the brake. This brake condition (by Brake Pin) causes BKF to be set, but PWM generator continues to run. The PWM output does not follow PWMnB, instead it output continuously as per normal without affected by the brake.
0
1
1
0
1
1
PWM 4 LOW BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 PWM4.7
Mnemonic: PWM4L
6 PWM4.6
5 PWM4.5
4 PWM4.4
3 PWM4.3
2 PWM4.2
1 PWM4.1
0 PWM4.0
Address: CFh
PWM4.7-0
Bit: 7 CY
Mnemonic: PSW
PWM4 Low Bits Register.
6 AC 5 F0 4 RS1 3 RS0 2 OV 1 F1 0 P
Address: D0h
PROGRAM STATUS WORD
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5
CY AC F0
Carry flag. Set for an arithmetic operation which results in a carry being generated from the ALU. It is also used as the accumulator for the bit operations. Auxiliary carry: Set when the previous operation resulted in a carry (during addition) or a borrow (during subtraction) from the high order nibble. User flag 0. A general purpose flag that can be set or cleared by the by software.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
Register bank selects bits: RS1 4-3 RS.1-0 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 OV F1 P RS2 0 1 0 1 Register Bank 0 1 2 3 Address 00-07h 08-0Fh 10-17h 18-1Fh
Overflow flag. Set when a carry was generated from the seventh bit but not from the 8th bit as a result of the previous operation or vice-versa. User Flag 1. General purpose flag that can be set or cleared by the user by software. Parity flag. Set/cleared by hardware to indicate odd/even number of 1's in the accumulator.
PWMP COUNTER HIGH BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: PWMPH
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 PWMP.11
2 PWMP.10
1 PWMP.9
0 PWMP.8
Address: D1h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-4 3-0
PWMP.11~PWMP.8
Reserved. The PWM Counter Register bits 11~8.
PWM 0 HIGH BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: PWM0H
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 PWM0.11
2 PWM0.10
1 PWM0.9
0 PWM0.8
Address: D2h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~4 3~0
PWM0.11 ~PWM0.8
Reserved. The PWM 0 Register bit 11~8.
NVM DATA
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 NVMDAT.7 NVMDAT.6 NVMDAT.5 NVMDAT.4 NVMDAT.3 NVMDAT.2 NVMDAT.1 NVMDAT.0
Mnemonic: NVMDAT Address: D3h
BIT
7~0
NAME
FUNCTION
NVMDAT.7~NVMDAT.0 The NVM data write register. The read NVM data is by MOVX instruction.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
QEI CONTROL REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: QEICON
6 -
5 -
4 DISIDX
3 DIR
2 QEIM1
1 QEIM0
0 QEIEN
Address: D4h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-5
-
Reserved. Disable Input Capture 2 edge detection function: 0 = Enable IC2 edge detection function (default). 1 = Disable IC2 edge detection function. This bit is effective when QEIEN=1. Direction index of motion detection bit: 1 = Forward (Up-counting). 0 = Backward (Down-counting). This bit is writable and readable. QEI mode select bits: QEIM1 QEIM0 Descriptions 0 0 X4 free-counting mode 0 1 X2 free-counting mode 1 0 X4 compare-counting mode 1 1 X2 compare-counting mode Input module mode select bit: 0 = Input module performs Input Capture Functions. (Default value). 1 = Input module works as QEI.
4
DISIDX
3
DIR
2-1
QEIM[1:0]
0
QEIEN
PWM 2 HIGH BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: PWM2H
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 PWM2.11
2 PWM2.10
1 PWM2.9
0 PWM2.8
Address: D5h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~4 3~0
PWM2.11 ~PWM2.8
Reserved The PWM 2 Register bit 11~8.
PWM 6 HIGH BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: PWM6H
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 PWM6.11
2 PWM6.10
1 PWM6.9
0 PWM6.8
Address: D6h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~4 3~0
PWM6.11 ~PWM6.8
Reserved The PWM 6 Register bit 11~8.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
WATCHDOG CONTROL 2
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: WDCON2
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 -
2 -
1 -
0 STRLD
Address: D7h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6 0
STRLD
Reserved. Set this bit, CPU will restart from LD Flash EPROM after watchdog reset. Clear this bit, CPU will restart from AP Flash EPROM after watchdog reset. This register is protected by timer access (TA) register.
WATCHDOG CONTROL
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: WDCON
6 POR
5 -
4 -
3 WDIF
2 WTRF
1 EWT
0 RWT
Address: D8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5-4 3
POR WDIF
Reserved. Power-on Reset Flag. Hardware will set this flag on a power up condition. This flag can be read or written by software. A write by software is the only way to clear this bit once it is set. Reserved. Watchdog Timer Interrupt Flag. This bit is set by hardware to indicate that the time-out period has elapsed and invoke watch dog timer interrupt if enabled (EWDI=1). This bit must be clear by software. Watchdog Timer Reset Flag. Hardware will set this bit when the watchdog timer causes a reset if EWT= 1. Software can read it but must clear it manually. A power-on reset will also clear the bit. This bit helps software in determining the cause of a reset Enable Watchdog timer Reset. Setting this bit will enable the Watchdog timer Reset function after 512 clocks delay from time out and setting WTRF flag. Reset Watchdog Timer. This bit restarts the watchdog timer and helps in putting the watchdog timer into a know state. It also helps in resetting the watchdog timer before a time-out occurs. If EWDI (EIE.4) is set, an interrupt will occur when timeout. If EWT is set, 512 clocks after the time-out, a system reset will occur and CPU starts from 0000H. This bit is self-clearing. The WDCON SFR is set to a 0x0x0xx0b on an external reset. WTRF is set to a 1 on a Watchdog timer reset, but to a 0 on power on resets. WTRF is not altered by an external reset. POR is set to 1 by a power-on reset. EWT is cleared to 0 on a Power-on reset and unaffected by other resets.
2
WTRF
1
EWT
0
RWT
The WDCON SFR is set to x0xx 0000b on an external reset. WTRF is set to a 1 on a Watchdog timer reset, but to a 0 on power on resets. POR is set to 1 by a power-on reset. EWT is cleared to 0 on a Power-on reset, reset pin reset, Watch Dog Timer reset and ISP reset.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
All the bits in this SFR have unrestricted read access. The bits of POR, WDIF, EWT and RWT require Timed Access (TA) procedure to write. The remaining bits have unrestricted write accesses. Please refer TA register description. PWMP COUNTER LOW BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 PWMP.7
Mnemonic: PWMPL
6 PWMP.6
5 PWMP.5
4 PWMP.4
3 PWMP.3
2 PWMP.2
1 PWMP.1
0 PWMP.0
Address: D9h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~0
PWMP.7 ~PWMP.0
PWM Counter Low Bits Register.
PWM0 LOW BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 PWM0.7
Mnemonic: PWM0L
6 PWM0.6
5 PWM0.5
4 PWM0.4
3 PWM0.3
2 PWM0.2
1 PWM0.1
0 PWM0.0
Address: DAh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~0
PWM0.7 ~PWM0.0
PWM 0 Low Bits Register.
NVM LOW BYTE ADDRESS
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 NVMADDR NVMADDR NVMADDR NVMADDR NVMADDR NVMADDR NVMADDR NVMADDR L.7 L.6 L.5 L.4 L.3 L.2 L.1 L.0
Mnemonic: NVMADDRL Address: DBh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~0
NVMADDRL.7~ NVMADDRL.0 The NVM low byte address.
PWM CONTROL REGISTER 1
Bit: 7 PWMRUN
Mnemonic: PWMCON1
6 Load
5 PWMF
4 CLRPWM
3 PWM6I
2 PWM4I
1 PWM2I
0 PWM0I
Address: DCh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
PWMRUN
0 = The PWM is not running. 1 = The PWM counter is running. This bit is auto cleared by hardware after the PWMP and PWMn are transferred to counter and compare register: 0 = The registers value of PWMP and PWMn is never loaded to counter and compare registers. 1 = The PWMP and PWMn registers load value to counter and compare registers at the counter underflow/match.
6
Load
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
5
PWMF
4 3-0
CLRPWM PWMxI
12 bit counter overflow flag: 0 = The 12-bit counter is not underflow/match. 1 = The 12-bit counter is underflow/match. It will be set by hardware and cleared by software. 1 = Clear 12-bit PWM counter to 000H. It will be automatically clear by hardware. 0 = PWM0 output is non-inverted. 1 = PWM0 output is inverted. Note: x = 0,2,4,6.
PWM 2 LOW BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 PWM2.7
Mnemonic: PWM2L
6 PWM2.6
5 PWM2.5
4 PWM2.4
3 PWM2.3
2 PWM2.2
1 PWM2.1
0 PWM2.0
Address: DDh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~0
PWM2.7 ~PWM2.0 PWM 2 Low Bits Register.
PWM 6 LOW BITS REGISTER
Bit: 7 PWM6.7
Mnemonic: PWM6L
6 PWM6.6
5 PWM6.5
4 PWM6.4
3 PWM6.3
2 PWM6.2
1 PWM6.1
0 PWM6.0
Address: DEh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~0
PWM6.7 ~PWM6.0
PWM 6 Low Bits Register.
PWM CONTROL REGISTER 3
Bit: 7 PWM7B
Mnemonic: PWMCON3
6 PWM6B
5 PWM5B
4 PWM4B
3 PWM3B
2 PWM2B
1 PWM1B
0 PWM0B
Address: DFh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
PWMxB
0 = The PWM0 output is low, when Brake is asserted. 1 = The PWM0 output is high, when Brake is asserted. Note: x = 0~7
ACCUMULATOR
Bit: 7 ACC.7
Mnemonic: ACC
6 ACC.6
5 ACC.5
4 ACC.4
3 ACC.3
2 ACC.2
1 ACC.1
0 ACC.0
Address: E0h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
ACC
The A or ACC register is the standard 8032 accumulator
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
ADC CONTROL REGISTER
Bit: 7 ADCEN
Mnemonic: ADCCON
6 -
5 ADCEX
4 ADCI
3 ADCS
2 AADR.2
1 AADR.1
0 AADR.0
Address: E1h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4
ADCEN ADCEX ADCI
Enable A/D Converter Function. Set ADCEN to logic high to enable ADC block. Reserved. Enable external start control of ADC conversion by a rising edge from P4.0. ADCEX=0: Disable external start. ADCEX=1: Enable external start control. A/D Converting Complete/Interrupt Flag. This flag is set when ADC conversion is completed. The ADC interrupt is requested if the interrupt is enabled. ADCI is set by hardware and cleared by software only. ADC Start and Status: Set this bit to start an A/D conversion. It may also be set by STADC if ADCEX is 1. This signal remains high while the ADC is busy and is reset right after ADCI is set. Notes: 1. It is recommended to clear ADCI before ADCS is set. However, if ADCI is cleared and ADCS is set at the same time, a new A/D conversion may start on the same channel. 2. Software clearing of ADCS will abort conversion in progress. 3. ADC cannot start a new conversion while ADCS or ADCI is high. Select and enable analog input channel from ADC0 to ADC7. AADR[2:0] ADC selected input AADR[2:0] ADC selected input 000 ADCCH0 (P1.0) 100 ADCCH4 (P1.4) 001 ADCCH1 (P1.1) 101 ADCCH5 (P1.5) 010 ADCCH2 (P1.2) 110 ADCCH6 (P1.6) 011 ADCCH3 (P1.3) 111 ADCCH7 (P1.7)
ADCS ADC STATUS
3
ADCS
2-0
AADR
The ADCI and ADCS control the ADC conversion as below:
ADCI
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
ADC not busy; A conversion can be started. ADC busy; Start of a new conversion is blocked. Conversion completed; Start of a new conversion requires ADCI = 0. This is an internal temporary state that user can ignore it.
ADC CONVERTER RESULT HIGH REGISTER
Bit: 7 ADC.9
Mnemonic: ADCH
6 ADC.8
5 ADC.7
4 ADC.6
3 ADC.5
2 ADC.4
1 ADC.3
0 ADC.2
Address: E2h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
ADC[9:2]
8 MSB of 10 bit A/D conversion result. ADCH is a read only register.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
ADC CONVERTER RESULT LOW REGISTER
Bit: 7 ADCLK.1
Mnemonic: ADCL
6 ADCLK.0
5 -
4 -
3 -
2 -
1 ADC.1
0 ADC.0
Address: E3h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
ADC Clock Frequency Select. The 10 bit ADC needs a clock to drive the converting that the clock frequency may not over 4MHz. ADCLK[1:0] controls the frequency of the clock to ADC block: 7-6 ADCLK ADCLK.1 ADCLK.0 ADC Clock Frequency 0 0 Crystal clock / 4 (Default) 0 1 Crystal clock / 8 1 0 Crystal clock / 16 1 1 Reserved 2 LSB of 10-bit A/D conversion result. Both bits are read only.
1-0
ADC
LCD CONTROL REGISTER
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
LCDEN
Mnemonic: LCDCN
Clear
Duty
Pump
FUNCTION
FS2
FS1
FS0
Address: E4h
BIT
NAME
7
LCDEN
6
Clear
5
Duty
4 3
Pump -
2-0
FS
LCD enable bit. This bit is set and cleared by software. When the LCD is disabled, all Segment and Common pins output LOW. 0 = LCD disabled. 1 = LCD enabled. Refresh the LCD panel when is enabled and COM pin goes LOW. 0: Inactive. 1: Active. Select duty cycle: 0 = Enable 1/4 duty for 32*4 dots. 1 = Enable 1/3 duty for 32*3 dots. Select voltage pump type: 0 = Voltage Pump type A (default). 1 = Voltage Pump type B (low power). Reserved. Frequency selection bit. These bits allow selection of the LCD frequency. It controls the ratio between the input clock (Fosc) and the LCD output clock (FLCD). These bits are set and cleared by software. Refer to Table 20-1: Divider selection table using FS bits. FS2 FS1 FS0 Divider 0 0 0 /1 0 0 1 /2 0 1 0 /4 0 1 1 /8 1 x x /16 Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PWM DEAD-TIME CONTROL REGISTER 1
Bit: 7 PDTC1.7
Mnemonic: PDTC1
6 PDTC1.6
5 PDTC1.5
4 PDTC1.4
3 PDTC1.3
2 PDTC1.2
1 PDTC1.1
0 PDTC1.0
Address: E5h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6
PDTC1
Dead-time clock frequency (FDT) prescaler select bits. PDTC1.7 PDTC1.6 FDT 0 0 FOSC/2 0 1 FOSC/4 1 0 FOSC/8 1 1 FOSC/16 Dead time counter. Unsigned 6 bit dead time value bits for Dead Time Unit. Dead-time = FDT * (PDTC1 [5:0]+1)
5-0
PDTC1
PWM DEAD-TIME CONTROL REGISTER 0
Bit: 7 PDTC0.7
Mnemonic: PDTC0
6 PDTC0.6
5 PDTC0.5
4 PDTC0.4
3 PDTC0.3
2 PDTC0.2
1 PDTC0.1
0 PDTC0.0
Address: E6h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-4
PDTC0
Control complementary PWM to delay a dead-time at every rising edge or falling edge. Reset value = 0. 1 = Dead-time is inserted at falling edge. 0 = Dead-time is inserted at rising edge. PDTC0.4 - controls the pair of (PWM0, PWM1). PDTC0.5 - controls the pair of (PWM2, PWM3). PDTC0.6 - controls the pair of (PWM4, PWM5). PDTC0.7 - controls the pair of (PWM6, PWM7). Enable dead-time insertion; Dead-time insertion is only active when the pair of complementary PWM is enabled. Reset value=0. If dead-time insertion is inactive, the outputs of pin pair are complementary without any delay. 1 = Programmable dead-time is inserted into the pair signals of comparator output to delay the pair signals change from low to high. 0 = Disable dead-time insertion. PDTC0.0 - enables the dead-time insertion on the pin pair (PWM0, PWM1). PDTC0.1 - enables the dead-time insertion on the pin pair (PWM2, PWM3). PDTC0.2 - enables the dead-time insertion on the pin pair (PWM4, PWM5). PDTC0.3 - enables the dead-time insertion on the pin pair (PWM6, PWM7).
3-0
PDTC0
PWM CONTROL REGISTER 4
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 BKF
Address: E7h
PWMEOM PWMOOM PWM6OM PWM7OM
Mnemonic: PWMCON4
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
PWMEOM
PWM Channel 0, 2 and 4 Output Mode. 0 = Disable PWM channels 0, 2 and 4 to pwm output pins. 1 = Enable PWM channels 0, 2 and 4 to pwm output pins. PWM Channel 1, 3 and 5 Output Mode. 0 = Disable PWM channels 1, 3 and 5 to pwm output pins. 1 = Enable PWM channels 1, 3 and 5 to pwm output pins. PWM Channel 6 Output Mode. 0 = Disable PWM channel 6 to pwm output pin. 1 = Enable PWM channel 6 to pwm output pin. PWM Channel 7 Output Mode. 0 = Disable PWM channel 7 to pwm output pin. 1 = Enable PWM channel 7 to pwm output pin. Reserved. The External Brake Pin Flag. 0 = The PWM is not brake. 1 = The PWM is brake by external brake pin. It will be cleared by software.
6
PWMOOM
5
PWM6OM
4 3-1 0
PWM7OM BKF
Together with option bits (PWMEE and PWMOE), PWMEOM, PWMOOM, PWM6OM and PWM7OM control the PWM pin structure, as follow;
PWMEE/PWMOE (OPTION BITS)
X 1 (Disable) 0 (Enable) 0 (Enable)
PWMEOM/PWMOOM /PWM6OM/PWM7OM
0 1 1 1
PIO.X (X = 0-7)
X X
PIN STRUCTURES
Tri-state
Quasi (I/O output) Push Pull (PWM output) Push Pull (I/O output)
0 1
Table 7-2: PWM pin structures (during internal rom execution) PWMEE/PWMOE (OPTION BITS)
1 (Disable)
0 (Enable)
PWMEOM/PWMOOM /PWM6OM/PWM7OM
X X
PIO.X (X = 0-7)
X X
PIN OUTPUT
PIN STRUCTURES
Push Pull Push Pull (strong)
External access External access
Table 7-3: PWM pin structures (during external rom execution) Note: PWMEOM/PWMOOM/PWM6OM/PWM7OM are cleared to zero when CPU in reset state. Thus, the port pins that multi-function with PWM will be tristated on default. User is required to set the bits to 1 to enable GPIO/PWM outputs.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
EXTENDED INTERRUPT ENABLE
Bit: 7 ES1 6 EX5 5 EX4 4 EWDI 3 EX3 2 EX2 1 0 EI2C
Mnemonic: EIE
BIT NAME FUNCTION
Address: E8h Enable Serial Port 1 interrupts. Enable External Interrupt 5. Enable External Interrupt 4. Enable Watchdog timer interrupt. Enable External Interrupt 3. Enable External Interrupt 2. Reserved. Enable I2C interrupt.
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ES1 EX5 EX4 EWDI EX3 EX2 EI2C
I2C CONTROL REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: I2CON
6 ENS
5 STA
4 STO
3 SI
2 AA
1 I2CIN
0 Address: E9h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5
ENS STA
Reserved. I2C serial function block enable bit. When ENS=1 the I2C serial function enables. The port latches of SDA and SCL must be set to logic high. I2C START Flag. Setting STA to logic 1 to enter master mode, the I2C hardware sends a START or repeat START condition to bus when the bus is free. I2C STOP Flag. In master mode, setting STO to transmit a STOP condition to bus then I2C hardware will check the bus condition if a STOP condition is detected this flag will be cleared by hardware automatically. In a slave mode, setting STO resets I2C hardware to the defined "not addressed" slave mode. I2C Interrupt Flag. When a new SIO state is present in the S1STA register, the SI flag is set by hardware, and if the EA and EI2C bits are both set, the I2C interrupt is requested. SI must be cleared by software. Assert Acknowledge Flag. When AA=1 an acknowledged (low level to SDA) will be returned during the acknowledge clock pulse on the SCL line. When AA=0 an acknowledged (high level to SDA) will be returned during the acknowledge clock pulse on the SCL line. By default it is zero and input are allows to come in through SDA pin. As when it is 1 input is disallow and to prevent leakage current. During Power-Down mode input is disallow. Reserved.
4
STO
3
SI
2
AA
1 0
I2CIN -
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
I2C ADDRESS REGISTER
Bit: 7 I2ADDR.7
Mnemonic: I2ADDR
6 I2ADDR.6
5 I2ADDR.5
4 I2ADDR.4
3 I2ADDR.3
2 I2ADDR.2
1 I2ADDR.1
0 GC
Address: EAh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-1
I2ADDR
0
GC
I2C Slave Address. The contents of the register are irrelevant when I2C is in master mode. In the slave mode, the seven most significant bits must be loaded with the MCU's own slave address. The I2C hardware will react if the contents of I2ADDR are matched with the received slave address. Enable General Call Function. The GC bit is set the I2C port hardware will respond to General Call address (00H). Clear GC bit to disable general call function.
NVM HIGH BYTE ADDRESS
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: NVMADDRH
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 -
2
1
0
NVMADDR NVMADDR NVMADDR H.10 H.9 H.8
Address: EBh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-3 2-0
NVMADDRH.10 ~ NVMADDRH.8
Reserved. The NVM High byte address
I2C DATA REGISTER
Bit: 7 I2DAT.7
Mnemonic: I2DAT
6 I2DAT.6
5 I2DAT.5
4 I2DAT.4
3 I2DAT.3
2 I2DAT.2
1 I2DAT.1
0 I2DAT.0
Address: ECh
I2DAT.7-0
Bit: 7 B7
Mnemonic: I2STATUS
The data register of I2C channel.
6 B6 5 B5 4 B4 3 B3 2 0 1 0 0 0
Address: EDh
I2C STATUS REGISTER
BIT
NAME
7-0
I2STATUS
FUNCTION The Status Register of I2C. The three least significant bits are always 0. The five most significant bits contain the status code. There are 23 possible status codes. When I2STATUS contains F8H, no serial interrupt is requested. All other I2STATUS values correspond to defined I2C states. When each of these states is entered, the I2C1 interrupt is requested (SI = 1). A valid status code is present in I2STATUS one machine cycle after SI is set by hardware and is still present one machine cycle after SI has been reset by software. In addition, states 00H stands for a Bus Error. A Bus Error occurs when a START or STOP condition is present at an illegal position in the formation frame. Example of illegal position are during the serial transfer of an address byte, a data byte or an acknowledge bit.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
I2C BAUD RATE CONTROL REGISTER
Bit: 7 I2CLK.7
Mnemonic: I2CLK
6 I2CLK.6
5 I2CLK.5
4 I2CLK.4
3 I2CLK.3
2 I2CLK.2
1 I2CLK.1
0 I2CLK.0
Address: EEh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
I2CLK
The I2C clock rate control
I2C TIMER COUNTER REGISTER
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: I2TIMER
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 -
2 ENTI
1 DIV4
0 TIF
Address: EFh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-3 2
ENTI
Reserved. Enable I2C 14-bits Time-out Counter. Setting ENTI to logic high will firstly reset the time-out counter and then start up counting. Clearing ENTI disables the 14bit time-out counter. ENTI can be set to logic high only when SI=0. I2C Time-out Counter Clock Frequency Selection. 0 = the clock frequency is coherent to the system clock Fosc. 1 = the clock frequency is Fosc/4. I2C Time-out Flag. When the time-out counter overflows hardware will set this flag and request the I2C interrupt if I2C interrupt is enabled (EI2C=1). This bit must be cleared by software.
1
DIV4
0
TIF
B REGISTER
Bit: 7 B.7
Mnemonic: B
6 B.6
5 B.5
4 B.4
3 B.3
2 B.2
1 B.1
0 B.0
Address: F0h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
B
The B register is the standard 8032 accumulator.
SERIAL PERIPHERAL CONTROL REGISTER
Bit: 7 SSOE
Mnemonic: SPCR
6 SPE
5 LSBFE
4 MSTR
3 CPOL
2 CPHA
1 SPR1
0 SPR0
Address: F3h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
SSOE
Slave Select Output Enable Bit. The SS output feature is enabled only in master mode by asserting the SSOE bit. In slave mode (/SS) input is not affected by SSOE bit. See table below. Serial Peripheral System Enable Bit. When the SPE bit is set, SPI block functions is enable. When MODF is set, SPE always reads 0. 0 = SPI system disabled. 1 = SPI system enabled. LSB - First Enable. This bit does not affect the position of the MSB and LSB in the data register. Reads and writes of the data register always have the MSB in bit 7. In master mode, a change of this bit will abort a transmission in progress and force the SPI system into idle state. 1 = Data is transferred least significant bit first. 0 = Data is transferred most significant bit first. Master Mode Select Bit. It is customary to have an external pull-up resistor on lines that are driven by open drain devices. 0 = Slave mode. 1 = Master mode. Clock Polarity Bit. When the clock polarity bit is cleared and data is not being transferred, the SPCLK pin of the master device has a steady state low value. When CPOL is set, SPCLK idles high. Clock Polarity Bit. When the clock polarity bit is cleared and data is not being transferred, the SPCLK pin of the master device has a steady state low value. When CPOL is set, SPCLK idles high. SPI Baud Rate Selection Bits. These bits specify the SPI baud rates.
6
SPE
5
LSBFE
4
MSTR
3
CPOL
2 1-0
CPHA SPR
DRSS
SSOE
MASTER MODE
SLAVE MODE
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
/SS input ( With Mode Fault ) Reserved /SS General purpose I/O ( No Mode Fault ) /SS output ( No Mode Fault )
/SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE ) /SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE ) /SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE ) /SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE )
Note: In master mode, a change of LSBFE, MSTR, CPOL, CPHA and SPR [1:0] will abort a transmission in progress and force the SPI system into idle state. SERIAL PERIPHERAL STATUS REGISTER
Bit: 7 SPIF
Mnemonic: SPSR
6 WCOL
5 SPIOVF
4 MODF
3 DRSS
2 -
1 -
0 Address: F4h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
SPIF
SPI Interrupt Complete Flag. SPIF is set upon completion of data transfer between this device and external device or when new data has been received and copied to the SPDR. If SPIF goes high, and if ESPI is set, a serial peripheral interrupt is generated. When SPIF is set; it must be clear by software and attempts to write SPDR are inhibited if SPIF set. Write Collision Flag. If a writer collision occurs on SPI bus, WCOL is set to high by hardware. WCOL must be clear by software. SPI overrun flag. SPIOVF is set if a new character is received before a previously received character is read from SPDR. Once this bit is set it will prevent SPDR register form excepting new data and must be cleared first before any new data can be written. This flag is clear by software. 0 = No overrun. 1 = Overrun detected. SPI Mode Error Interrupt Status Flag. MODF is set when hardware detects mode fault. This bit is cleared by software. Data Register Slave Select. Refer to above table in SPCR register. Reserved.
6
WCOL
5
SPIOVF
4 3 2-0
MODF DRSS -
Note: Bits WCOL, MODF and SPIF are cleared by software writing "0" to them.
SERIAL PERIPHERAL DATA I/O REGISTER
Bit: 7 SPD.7 6 SPD.6 5 SPD.5 4 SPD.4 3 SPD.3 2 SPD.2 1 SPD.1 0 SPD.0
Address: F5h
Mnemonic: SPDR
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SPD
SPDR is used when transmitting or receiving data on serial bus. Only a write to this register initiates transmission or reception of a byte, and this only occurs in the master device. A read of the SPDR is actually a read of a buffer. To prevent an overrun and the loss of the byte that caused the overrun, the first SPIF must be cleared by the time a second transfer of data from the shift Register to the read buffer is initiated.
7 I2CSADE N.7 6 I2CSADE N.6 5 I2CSADE N.5 4 I2CSADE N.4 3 I2CSADE N.3 2 I2CSADE N.2 1 I2CSADE N.1 0 I2CSADE N.0
I2C SLAVE ADDRESS MASK ENABLE
Bit:
Mnemonic: I2CSADEN
Address: F6h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
I2CSADEN
This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the I2C. When a bit in the I2CSADEN is set to 1, the same bit location in I2CSADDR1 will be compared with the incoming serial port data. When I2CSADEN.n is 0, the bit becomes don't care in the comparison. This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the I2C. When all the bits of I2CSADEN are 0, interrupt will occur for any incoming address. The default value is 0xFE. Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
EXTENDED INTERRUPT HIGH PRIORITY
Bit: 7 PS1H
Mnemonic: EIPH
6 PX5H
5 PX4H
4 PWDIH
3 PX3H
2 PX2H
1 -
0 PI2CH
Address: F7h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
PS1H PX5H PX4H PWDIH PX3H PX2H PI2CH
Serial Port 1 Interrupt High Priority. PS1H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. External Interrupt 5 High Priority. PX5H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. External Interrupt 4 High Priority. PX4H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. Watchdog Timer Interrupt High Priority. PWDIH = 1 sets it to highest priority level. External Interrupt 3 High Priority. PX3H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. External Interrupt 2 High Priority. PX2H = 1 sets it to highest priority level. Reserved. I2C Interrupt High Priority. PI2CH = 1 sets it to highest priority level.
EXTENDED INTERRUPT PRIORITY
Bit:
Mnemonic: EIP
7 PS1
6 PX5
5 PX4
4 PWDI
3 PX3
2 PX2
1 -
0 PI2C
Address: F8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
PS1 PX5 PX4 PWDI PX3 PX2 PI2C
Serial Port 1 Interrupt Priority. External Interrupt 5 Priority. External Interrupt 4 Priority. Watchdog Timer Interrupt Priority. External Interrupt 3 Priority. External Interrupt 2 Priority. Reserved. I2C Interrupt Priority.
EXTENDED INTERRUPT ENABLE 1
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: EIE1
6 -
5 ENVM
4 ECPTF
3 ET3
2 EBK
1 EPWM
0 ESPI
Address: F9h
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6 5
ENVM
Reserved. NVM Interrupt Enable Bit. 0 = Disable NVM interrupt. 1 = Enable NVM interrupt. Capture Interrupt Enable Bit. 0 = Disable External capture/reload interrupt. 1 = Enable External capture/reload interrupt. Timer 3 Interrupt Enable Bit. 0 = Disable Timer 3 Interrupt. 1 = Enable Timer 3 Interrupt. Brake Interrupt Enable Bit. 0 = Brake interrupt disable. 1 = Brake interrupt enable. PWM Period Interrupt Enable Bit. 0 = PWM period system interrupts disabled. 1 = PWM period system interrupts enabled. Serial Peripheral Interrupt Enable Bit. Set the ESPI bit to 1 to request a hardware interrupt sequence each time the SPIF/MODF status flag is set. 0 = SPI system interrupts disabled. 1 = SPI system interrupts enabled.
4
ECPTF
3
ET3
2
EBK
1
EPWM
0
ESPI
EXTENDED INTERRUPT PRIORITY 1
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: EIP1
6 -
5 PNVMI
4 PCPTF
3 PT3
2 PBKF
1 PPWMF
0 PSPI
Address: FAh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6 5 4 3 2 1 0
PNVMI PCPTF PT3 PBKF PPWMF PSPI
Reserved. NVM interrupt Priority Capture/reload Interrupt Priority. Timer 3 Interrupt Priority. PWM Brake Interrupt Priority. PWM period Interrupt Priority. SPI Interrupt Priority.
INPUT CAPTURE 0/PULSE READ COUNTER LOW REGISTER
Bit: 7 CCL0.7/ PCNTL.7
Mnemonic: CCL0/PCNTL
6 CCL0.6/ PCNTL.6
5 CCL0.5/ PCNTL.5
4 CCL0.4/ PCNTL.4
3 CCL0.3/ PCNTL.3
2 CCL0.2/ PCNTL.2
1 CCL0.1/ PCNTL.1
0 CCL0.0/ PCNTL.0
Address: FBh
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PCNTL must be read first before reading at PCNTH as reading PCNTL will latch the PLSCNTH automatically into PCNTH; otherwise inaccurate result is read when reading PCNTH first as it will not latch the PLSCNTL data into PCNTL. INPUT CAPTURE 0/PULSE READ COUNTER HIGH REGISTER
Bit: 7 CCH0.7/ PCNTH.7
Mnemonic: CCH0/PCNTH Address: FCh
6 CCH0.6/ PCNTH.6
5 CCH0.5/ PCNTH.5
4 CCH0.4/ PCNTH.4
3 CCH0.3/ PCNTH.3
2 CCH0.2/ PCNTH.2
1 CCH0.1/ PCNTH.1
0 CCH0.0/ PCNTH.0
PCNTL must be read first before reading at PCNTH as reading PCNTL will latch the PLSCNTH automatically into PCNTH. INPUT CAPTURE 1/PULSE COUNTER LOW REGISTER
Bit: 7 CCL1.7/ PLSCNT L.7
Mnemonic: CCL1/PLSCNTL
6 CCL1.6/ PLSCNT L.6
5 CCL1.5/ PLSCNT L.5
4 CCL1.4/ PLSCNT L.4
3 CCL1.3/ PLSCNT L.3
2 CCL1.2/ PLSCNT L.2
1 CCL1.1/ PLSCNT L.1
0 CCL1.0/ PLSCNT L.0
Address: FDh
INPUT CAPTURE 1/PULSE COUNTER HIGH REGISTER
Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
CCH1.7/
PLSCNT H.7
Mnemonic: CCH1/PLSCNTH
CCH1.6/
PLSCNT H.6
CCH1.5/
PLSCNT H.5
CCH1.4/
PLSCNT H.4
CCH1.3/
PLSCNT H.3
CCH1.2/
PLSCNT H.2
CCH1.1/
PLSCNT H.1
CCH1.0/ PLSCNT H.0
Address: FEh
INTERRUPT CONTROL
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: INTCTRL
6 -
5 INT5CT1
4 INT5CT0
3 INT4CT1
2 INT4CT0
1 INT3CT1
0 INT3CT0
Address: FFh
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-6
-
Reserved. Interrupt 5 edge select: INT5CT1 INT5CT0 0 1 0 1 Description Rising edge trigger. Falling edge trigger. Rising and falling edge trigger. Reserved. 0 0 1 1
5-4
INT5CT
Interrupt 4 edge select: INT4CT1 3-2 INT4CT 0 0 1 1 INT4CT0 0 1 0 1 Description Rising edge trigger. Falling edge trigger. Rising and falling edge trigger. Reserved.
Interrupt 3 edge select: INT3CT1 1-0 INT3CT 0 0 1 1 INT3CT0 0 1 0 1 Description Rising edge trigger. Falling edge trigger. Rising and falling edge trigger. Reserved.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
8. INSTRUCTION SET
The W79E217 executes all the instructions of the standard 8051/52 family. The operations of these instructions, as well as their effects on flag and status bits, are exactly the same. However, the timing of these instructions is different in two ways. Firstly, the W79E217 machine cycle is four clock periods, while the standard-8051/52 machine cycle is twelve clock periods. Secondly, the W79E217 can fetch only once per machine cycle (i.e., four clocks per fetch), while the standard 8051/52 can fetch twice per machine cycle (i.e., six clocks per fetch). The timing differences create an advantage for the W79E217. There is only one fetch per machine cycle, so the number of machine cycles is usually equal to the number of operands in the instruction. (Jumps and calls do require an additional cycle to calculate the new address.) As a result, the W79E217 reduces the number of dummy fetches and wasted cycles, and therefore improves overall efficiency, compared to the standard 8051/52.
OP-CODE
NOP ADD A, R0 ADD A, R1 ADD A, R2 ADD A, R3 ADD A, R4 ADD A, R5 ADD A, R6 ADD A, R7 ADD A, @R0 ADD A, @R1 ADD A, direct ADD A, #data ADDC A, R0 ADDC A, R1 ADDC A, R2 ADDC A, R3 ADDC A, R4 ADDC A, R5 ADDC A, R6 ADDC A, R7 ADDC A, @R0 ADDC A, @R1 ADDC A, direct
HEX CODE
00 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 26 27 25 24 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 36 37 35
BYTES
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5 1.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
OP-CODE
ADDC A, #data SUBB A, R0 SUBB A, R1 SUBB A, R2 SUBB A, R3 SUBB A, R4 SUBB A, R5 SUBB A, R6 SUBB A, R7 SUBB A, @R0 SUBB A, @R1 SUBB A, direct SUBB A, #data INC A INC R0 INC R1 INC R2 INC R3 INC R4 INC R5 INC R6 INC R7 INC @R0 INC @R1 INC direct INC DPTR DEC A DEC R0 DEC R1 DEC R2 DEC R3 DEC R4 DEC R5
HEX CODE
34 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F 96 97 95 94 04 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 06 07 05 A3 14 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D
BYTES
2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
1.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5 1.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
OP-CODE
DEC R6 DEC R7 DEC @R0 DEC @R1 DEC direct MUL AB DIV AB DA A ANL A, R0 ANL A, R1 ANL A, R2 ANL A, R3 ANL A, R4 ANL A, R5 ANL A, R6 ANL A, R7 ANL A, @R0 ANL A, @R1 ANL A, direct ANL A, #data ANL direct, A ANL direct, #data ORL A, R0 ORL A, R1 ORL A, R2 ORL A, R3 ORL A, R4 ORL A, R5 ORL A, R6 ORL A, R7 ORL A, @R0 ORL A, @R1 ORL A, direct ORL A, #data
HEX CODE
1E 1F 16 17 15 A4 84 D4 58 59 5A 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F 56 57 55 54 52 53 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 46 47 45 44
BYTES
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
4 4 4 4 8
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
12 12 12 12 12 48 48 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
3 3 3 3 1.5 2.4 2.4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5 1.5
20 20 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 12 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
OP-CODE
ORL direct, A ORL direct, #data XRL A, R0 XRL A, R1 XRL A, R2 XRL A, R3 XRL A, R4 XRL A, R5 XRL A, R6 XRL A, R7 XRL A, @R0 XRL A, @R1 XRL A, direct XRL A, #data XRL direct, A XRL direct, #data CLR A CPL A RL A RLC A RR A RRC A SWAP A MOV A, R0 MOV A, R1 MOV A, R2 MOV A, R3 MOV A, R4 MOV A, R5 MOV A, R6 MOV A, R7 MOV A, @R0 MOV A, @R1
HEX CODE
42 43 68 69 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 66 67 65 64 62 63 E4 F4 23 33 03 13 C4 E8 E9 EA EB EC ED EE EF E6 E7
BYTES
2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
8
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
12 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 12 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
12 24 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
1.5 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
OP-CODE
MOV A, direct MOV A, #data MOV R0, A MOV R1, A MOV R2, A MOV R3, A MOV R4, A MOV R5, A MOV R6, A MOV R7, A MOV R0, direct MOV R1, direct MOV R2, direct MOV R3, direct MOV R4, direct MOV R5, direct MOV R6, direct MOV R7, direct MOV R0, #data MOV R1, #data MOV R2, #data MOV R3, #data MOV R4, #data MOV R5, #data MOV R6, #data MOV R7, #data MOV @R0, A MOV @R1, A MOV @R0, direct MOV @R1, direct MOV @R0, #data MOV @R1, #data MOV direct, A MOV direct, R0
HEX CODE
E5 74 F8 F9 FA FB FC FD FE FF A8 A9 AA AB AC AD AE AF 78 79 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F F6 F7 A6 A7 76 77 F5 88
BYTES
2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
8 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
1.5 1.5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 3 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
OP-CODE
MOV direct, R1 MOV direct, R2 MOV direct, R3 MOV direct, R4 MOV direct, R5 MOV direct, R6 MOV direct, R7 MOV direct, @R0 MOV direct, @R1 MOV direct, direct MOV direct, #data MOV DPTR, #data 16 MOVC A, @A+DPTR MOVC A, @A+PC MOVX A, @R0 MOVX A, @R1 MOVX A, @DPTR MOVX @R0, A MOVX @R1, A MOVX @DPTR, A PUSH direct POP direct XCH A, R0 XCH A, R1 XCH A, R2 XCH A, R3 XCH A, R4 XCH A, R5 XCH A, R6 XCH A, R7 XCH A, @R0
HEX CODE
89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F 86 87 85 75 90 93 83 E2 E3 E0 F2 F3 F0 C0 D0 C8 C9 CA CB CC CD CE CF C6
BYTES
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 2 2 3 3 3 - 0.66 3 - 0.66 3 - 0.66 3 - 0.66 3 - 0.66 3 - 0.66 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
12 12 12 8 8 8 - 36 8 - 36 8 - 36 8 - 36 8 - 36 8 - 36 8 8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
2-9 2-9 2-9 2-9 2-9 2-9 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
OP-CODE
XCH A, @R1 XCHD A, @R0 XCHD A, @R1 XCH A, direct CLR C CLR bit SETB C SETB bit CPL C CPL bit ANL C, bit ANL C, /bit ORL C, bit ORL C, /bit MOV C, bit MOV bit, C ACALL addr11 LCALL addr16 RET RETI AJMP ADDR11 LJMP addr16 JMP @A+DPTR SJMP rel JZ rel JNZ rel JC rel JNC rel JB bit, rel JNB bit, rel
HEX CODE
C7 D6 D7 C5 C3 C2 D3 D2 B3 B2 82 B0 72 A0 A2 92 71, 91, B1, 11, 31, 51, D1, F1 12 22 32 01, 21, 41, 61, 81, A1, C1, E1 02 73 80 60 70 40 50 20 30
BYTES
1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 2 2 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
4 4 4 8 4 8 4 8 4 8 8 6 8 6 8 8
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 24 24 24 24 12 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
3 3 3 1.5 3 1.5 3 1.5 3 1.5 3 3 3 3 1.5 3 2 1.5 3 3 2 1.5 3 2 2 2 2 2 1.5 1.5
12 16 8 8 12 16 6 12 12 12 12 12 16 16
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Continued
OP-CODE
JBC bit, rel CJNE A, direct, rel CJNE A, #data, rel CJNE @R0, #data, rel CJNE @R1, #data, rel CJNE R0, #data, rel CJNE R1, #data, rel CJNE R2, #data, rel CJNE R3, #data, rel CJNE R4, #data, rel CJNE R5, #data, rel CJNE R6, #data, rel CJNE R7, #data, rel DJNZ R0, rel DJNZ R1, rel DJNZ R5, rel DJNZ R2, rel DJNZ R3, rel DJNZ R4, rel DJNZ R6, rel DJNZ R7, rel DJNZ direct, rel
HEX CODE
10 B5 B4 B6 B7 B8 B9 BA BB BC BD BE BF D8 D9 DD DA DB DC DE DF D5
BYTES
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4
W79E217 MACHINE CYCLE
W79E217 CLOCK CYCLES
16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 16
8032 CLOCK CYCLES
24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24
W79E217 VS. 8032 SPEED RATIO
1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1.5
Table 8-1: Instruction Set for W79E217
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8.1 Instruction Timing
This section is important because some applications use software instructions to generate timing delays. It also provides more information about timing differences between the W79E217 and the standard 8051/52. In W79E217, each machine cycle is four clock periods long. Each clock period is called a state, and each machine cycle consists of four states: C1, C2 C3 and C4, in order. Both clock edges are used for internal timing, so the duty cycle of the clock should be as close to 50% as possible. The W79E217 does one op-code fetch per machine cycle, so, in most instructions, the number of machine cycles required is equal to the number of bytes in the instruction. There are 256 available opcodes. 128 of them are single-cycle instructions, so many op-codes are executed in just four clock periods. Some of the other op-codes are two-cycle instructions, and most of these have two-byte opcodes. However, there are some instructions that have one-byte instructions yet take two cycles to execute. One important example is the MOVX instruction. In the standard 8051/52, the MOVX instruction is always two machine cycles long. However, in the W79E217, the duration of this instruction is controlled by the software. It can vary from two to nine machine cycles long, and, RD and WR strobe lines are elongated proportionally. This is called stretching, and it gives a lot of flexibility when accessing fast and slow peripherals. It also reduces the amount of external circuitry and software overhead. The rest of the instructions are three-, four- or five-cycle instructions. At the end of this section, there are timing diagrams that provide an example of each type of instruction (single-cycle, two-cycle, ...). In summary, there are five types of instructions in the W79E217, based on the number of machine cycles, and each machine cycle is four clock periods long. The standard 8051/52 has only three types of instructions, based on the number of machine cycles, but each machine cycle is twelve clock periods long. As a result, even though the number of categories is higher, each instruction in the W79E217 runs 1.5 to 3 times faster, based on the number of clock periods, than it does in the standard 8051/52.
Single Cycle C1 CLK ALE PSEN AD7-0 PORT 2 A7-0
Data_ in D7-0
C2
C3
C4
Address A15-8
Figure 8-1: Single Cycle Instruction Timing
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Instruction Fetch C1 CLK ALE PSEN AD7-0 PORT 2
PC OP-CODE
Address A15-8
Operand Fetch C4 C1 C2 C3 C4
C2
C3
PC+1
OPERAND
Address A15-8
Figure 8-2: Two Cycles Instruction Timing
Instruction Fetch C1 CLK ALE PSEN AD7-0 PORT 2 A7-0 OP-CODE C2 C3 C4 C1
Operand Fetch C2 C3 C4 C1
Operand Fetch C2 C3 C4
A7-0
OPERAND
A7-0
OPERAND
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Figure 8-3: Three Cycles Instruction Timing
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Instruction Fetch C1 CLK ALE PSEN AD7-0 A7-0 OP-CODE C2 C3 C4
Operand Fetch C1 C2 C3 C4
Operand Fetch C1 C2 C3 C4
Operand Fetch C1 C2 C3 C4
A7-0 OPERAND
A7-0 OPERAND
A7-0 OPERAND
Port 2
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Figure 8-4: Four Cycles Instruction Timing
Instruction Fetch
C1 C2 C3 C4
Operand Fetch
C1 C2 C3 C4
Operand Fetch
C1 C2 C3 C4
Operand Fetch
C1 C2 C3 C4
Operand Fetch
C1 C2 C3 C4
CLK ALE PSEN AD7-0 A7-0 OP-CODE A7-0 OPERAND A7-0 OPERAND A7-0 OPERAND A7-0 OPERAND
PORT 2
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Address A15-8
Figure 8-5: Five Cycles Instruction Timing
8.1.1 External Data Memory Access Timing The timing for the MOVX instruction is another feature of the W79E217. In the standard 8051/52, the MOVX instruction has a fixed execution time of 2 machine cycles. However, in W79E217, the duration of the access can be controlled by the user. The instruction starts off as a normal op-code fetch that takes four clocks. In the next machine cycle, W79E217 puts out the external memory address, and the actual access occurs. The user can control the duration of this access by setting the stretch value in CKCON, bits 2 - 0. As shown in the table below, these three bits can range from zero to seven, resulting in MOVX instructions that take two to
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nine machine cycles. The default value is one, resulting in a MOVX instruction of three machine cycles. Stretching only affects the MOVX instruction. There is no effect on any other instruction or its timing; it is as if the state of the CPU is held for the desired period. The timing waveforms when the stretch value is zero, one, and two are shown below.
RD OR WR
STROBE WIDTH @ 25 MHZ
80 nS 160 nS 320 nS 480 nS 640 nS 800 nS 960 nS 1120 nS
M2
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
M1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
M0
2
MACHINE CYCLES
RD OR WR
STROBE WIDTH IN CLOCKS
2 4 8 12 16 20 24 28
RD OR WR
STROBE WIDTH @ 33 MHZ
60.6 nS 121.2 nS 242.2 nS 363.6 nS 484.8 nS 606.1 nS 727.3 nS 848.5 nS
3 (default) 4 5 6 7 8 9
Table 8-2: Data Memory Cycle Stretch Values
Last Cycle of Previous Instruction
First Machine cycle
Second Machine cycle
Next Instruction Machine Cycle
MOVX instruction cycle
C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4
CLK ALE PSEN WR PORT 0
A0-A7 D0-D7 A0-A7 D0-D7 A0-A7 D0-D7 A0-A7 D0-D7
MOVX Inst. Address MOVX Inst.
Next Inst. Address
MOVX Data Address MOVX Data out A15-A8 A15-A8
Next Inst. Read
A15-A8
PORT 2
A15-A8
Figure 8-6: Data Memory Write with Stretch Value = 0
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Last Cycle of Previous Instruction
First
Second
Third
Machine Cycle Machine Cycle Machine Cycle MOVX instruction cycle
Next Instruction Machine Cycle
C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4
CLK ALE PSEN WR PORT 0
A0-A7
D0-D7
A0-A7
D0-D7
A0-A7
D0-D7
A0-A7
D0-D7
MOVX Inst. Address
Next Inst. Address
MOVX Data Address
MOVX Data out
MOVX Inst.
Next Inst. Read A15-A8 A15-A8 A15-A8
PORT 2
A15-A8
Figure 8-7: Data Memory Write with Stretch Value = 1
Last Cycle of Previous Instruction
First Machine Cycle
Second Machine Cycle
Third Machine Cycle
Fourth Machine Cycle
Next Instruction Machine Cycle
MOVX instruction cycle C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C1 C2 C3 C4
CLK ALE PSEN WR PORT 0
A0-A7
D0-D7
A0-A7
D0-D7
A0-A7
D0-D7
A0-A7
D0-D7
MOVX Inst. Address
Next Inst. Address
MOVX Data Address
MOVX Data out
MOVX Inst.
Next Inst. Read A15-A8 A15-A8 A15-A8
PORT 2
A15-A8
Figure 8-8: Data Memory Write with Stretch Value = 2
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9. POWER MANAGEMENT
The W79E217 provides idle mode and power-down mode to control power consumption. These modes are discussed in the next two sections.
9.1
Idle Mode
The user can put the device into idle mode by writing 1 to the bit PCON.0. The instruction that sets the idle bit is the last instruction that will be executed before the device goes into Idle Mode. In the Idle mode, the clock to the CPU is halted, but not to the Interrupt, Timer, Watchdog timer, PWM, ADC and Serial ports blocks. This forces the CPU state to be frozen; the Program counter, the Stack Pointer, the Program Status Word, the Accumulator and the other registers hold their contents. The ALE and PSEN pins are held high during the Idle state. The port pins hold the logical states they had at the time Idle was activated. The Idle mode can be terminated in two ways. Since the interrupt controller is still active, the activation of any enabled interrupt can wake up the processor. This will automatically clear the Idle bit, terminate the Idle mode, and the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) will be executed. After the ISR, execution of the program will continue from the instruction which put the device into Idle mode. The Idle mode can also be exited by activating the reset. The device can be put into reset either by applying a high on the external RST pin, a Power on reset condition or a Watchdog timer reset. The external reset pin has to be held high for at least two machine cycles i.e. 8 clock periods to be recognized as a valid reset. In the reset condition the program counter is reset to 0000h and all the SFRs are set to the reset condition. Since the clock is already running there is no delay and execution starts immediately. In the Idle mode, the Watchdog timer continues to run, and if enabled, a time-out will cause a watchdog timer interrupt which will wake up the device. The software must reset the Watchdog timer in order to preempt the reset which will occur after 512 clock periods of the time-out. When the device is exiting from an Idle mode with a reset, the instruction following the one which put the device into Idle mode is not executed. So there is no danger of unexpected writes.
9.2
Power Down Mode
The device can be put into Power Down mode by writing 1 to bit PCON.1. The instruction that does this will be the last instruction to be executed before the device goes into Power Down mode. In the Power Down mode, all the clocks are stopped and the device comes to a halt. All activity is completely stopped and the power consumption is reduced to the lowest possible value. In this state the ALE and PSEN pins are pulled low (if PWDNH=0). The port pins output the values held by their respective SFRs. The device will exit the Power Down mode with a reset or by an external interrupt pin enabled (external interrupts 0 and 1). An external reset can be used to exit the Power down state. The high on RST pin terminates the Power Down mode, and restarts the clock. The program execution will restart from 0000h. In the Power down mode, the clock is stopped, so the Watchdog timer cannot be used to provide the reset to exit Power down mode. The device can be waken up from the Power Down mode by forcing an external interrupt pin activation, provided the corresponding interrupt is enabled, while the global enable (EA) bit is set. If these conditions are met, then either a low-level or a falling-edge at external interrupt pin will re-start the oscillator. The device will then execute the interrupt service routine for the corresponding external interrupt. After the interrupt service routine is completed, the program execution returns to the instruction after one which put the device into Power Down mode and continues from there.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
MODE
PROGRAM ALE MEMORY
PSEN PORT0
PORT1
PORT2
PORT3 PORT4
PORT5
PORT6 PORT7
Idle Idle
Internal External
1 1 0 1 [2]
[1]
1 1 0 1 [2]
[1]
Data Float Data Float
Data Data Data Data
Data
Data
Data Data Data Data
Data Data Data Data
Data Data Data Data
Data Data Data Data
Address Data Data Data Data Data
Power Internal Down Power External Down
0 [1] 1 [2]
0 [1] 1 [2]
Table 9-1: Status of external pins during Idle and Power Down
Note: 1. 2. When PWDNH=0. When PWDNH=1.
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10. RESET CONDITIONS
The user has several hardware related options for placing the W79E217 into reset condition. In general, most register bits go to their reset value irrespective of the reset condition, but there are a few flags whose state depends on the source of reset. The user can use these flags to determine the cause of reset using software. There are three ways of putting the device into reset state. They are External reset, Power-On Reset and Watchdog reset. In general, most registers return to their default values regardless of the source of the reset, but a couple flags depend on the source. As a result, the user can use these flags to determine the cause of the reset. The rest of this section discusses the three causes of reset and then elaborates on the reset state.
10.1 Sources of reset
10.1.1 External Reset The device samples the RST pin every machine cycle during state C4. The RST pin must be held high for at least two machine cycles before the reset circuitry applies an internal reset signal. Thus, this reset is a synchronous operation and requires the clock to be running. The device remains in the reset state as long as RST is one and remains there up to two machine cycles after RST is deactivated. Then, the device begins program execution at 0000h. There are no flags associated with the external reset, but, since the other two reset sources do have flags, the external reset is the cause if those flags are clear. 10.1.2 Power-On Reset (POR) If the power supply falls below Vrst, the device goes into the reset state. When the power supply returns to proper levels, the device performs a power-on reset and sets the POR flag. The software should clear the POR flag, or it will be difficult to determine the source of future resets. 10.1.3 Watchdog Timer Reset The Watchdog Timer is a free-running timer with programmable time-out intervals. The program must clear the Watchdog Timer before the time-out interval is reached to restart the count. If the time-out interval is reached, an interrupt flag is set. 512 clocks later, if the Watchdog Reset is enabled and the Watchdog Timer has not been cleared, the Watchdog Timer generates a reset. The reset condition is maintained by the hardware for two machine cycles, and the WTRF bit in WDCON is set. Afterwards, the device begins program execution at 0000h.
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10.2 Reset State
When the device is reset, most registers return to their initial state. The Watchdog Timer is disabled if the reset source was a power-on reset. The port registers are set to FFh, which puts most of the port pins in a high state and makes Port 0 float (as it does not have on-chip pull-up resistors). The Program Counter is set to 0000h, and the stack pointer is reset to 07h. After this, the device remains in the reset state as long as the reset conditions are satisfied. Reset does not affect the on-chip RAM, however, so RAM is preserved as long as VDD remains above approximately 2 V, the minimum operating voltage for the RAM. If VDD falls below 2 V, the RAM contents are also lost. In either case, the stack pointer is always reset, so the stack contents are lost. The WDCON SFR bits are set/cleared in reset condition depends on the source of the reset. The WDCON SFR is set to a 0x0x0xx0b on an external reset. WTRF is set to a 1 on a Watchdog timer reset, but to a 0 on power on/down resets. WTRF is not altered by an external reset. POR is set to 1 by a power-on reset. EWT is cleared to 0 on a Power-on reset and unaffected by other resets. All the bits in this SFR have unrestricted read access. POR, WDIF, EWT and RWT bits require Timed Access (TA) procedure to write. The remaining bits have unrestricted write accesses. Please refer TA register description. Table below lists the different reset values for WDCON due to different sources of reset.
x0xx 0000B External reset x0xx 0100B Watchdog reset x1xx 0000B Power on reset
WDCON
Watch-Dog Control
D8H
(DF) -
(DE) POR
(DD) -
(DC) -
(DB) WDIF
(DA) WTRF
(D9) EWT
(D8) RWT
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11. INTERRUPTS
The device has a four priority level interrupt structure with 20 interrupt sources. Each of the interrupt sources has an individual priority bit, flag, interrupt vector and enable bit. In addition, all the interrupts can be globally enabled or disabled.
11.1 Interrupt Sources
The External Interrupts INT0 and INT1 can be either edge triggered or level triggered, depending on bits IT0 and IT1. The bits IE0 and IE1 in the TCON register are the flags which are checked to generate the interrupt. In the edge triggered mode, the INTx inputs are sampled in every machine cycle. If the sample is high in one cycle and low in the next, then a high to low transition is detected and the interrupts request flag IEx in TCON is set. The flag bit requests the interrupt. Since the external interrupts are sampled every machine cycle, they have to be held high or low for at least one complete machine cycle. The IEx flag is automatically cleared when the service routine is called. If the level triggered mode is selected, then the requesting source has to hold the pin low till the interrupt is serviced. The IEx flag will not be cleared by the hardware on entering the service routine. If the interrupt continues to be held low even after the service routine is completed, then the processor may acknowledge another interrupt request from the same source. Note that the external interrupts INT2 are edge trigger only. By default, the individual interrupt flag corresponding to external interrupt 2 to 5 must be cleared manually by software. It can be configured with hardware cleared by setting the corresponding bit HCx in T2MOD register. For instance, if HC2 is set hardware will clear IE2 flag after program enters the interrupt 2 service routine. While for INT3 to INT5 can detect the rising, falling or both edges which function are selectable by software located in INTCTRL [5:0] register. The Timer 0 and 1 Interrupts are generated by the TF0 and TF1 flags. These flags are set by the overflow in the Timer 0 and Timer 1. The TF0 and TF1 flags are automatically cleared by the hardware when the timer interrupt is serviced. The Timer 2 interrupt is generated by a logical OR of the TF2 and the EXF2 flags. These flags are set by overflow or capture/reload events in the timer 2 operation. The hardware does not clear these flags when a timer 2 interrupt is executed. Software has to resolve the cause of the interrupt between TF2 and EXF2 and clear the appropriate flag. When ADC conversion is completed hardware will set flag ADCI to logic high to request ADC interrupt if bit EADC (IE.6) is in high state. ADCI is cleared by software only. The I2C function can generate interrupt, if EI2C and EA bits are enabled, when SI Flag is set due to a new I2C status code is generated, SI flag is generated by hardware and must be cleared by software. The Watchdog timer can be used as a system monitor or a simple timer. In either case, when the timeout count is reached, the Watchdog timer interrupt flag WDIF (WDCON.3) is set. If the interrupt is enabled by the enable bit EIE.4, then an interrupt will occur. All the bits that generate interrupts can be set or reset by hardware, and thereby software initiated interrupts can be generated. Each of the individual interrupts can be enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in the IE SFR. IE also has a global enable/disable bit EA, which can be cleared to disable all interrupts.
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11.2 Priority Level Structure
There are four priority levels for the interrupts; highest, high, low and lowest. The other interrupt source can be individually set to either high or low levels. Naturally, a higher priority interrupt cannot be interrupted by a lower priority interrupt. However there exists a predefined hierarchy amongst the interrupts themselves. This hierarchy comes into play when the interrupt controller has to resolve simultaneous requests having the same priority level. This hierarchy is defined as shown below; the interrupts are numbered starting from the highest priority to the lowest.
VECTOR ADDRESS PRIORITY LEVEL
SOURCE
FLAG
FLAG CLEARED BY
External Interrupt 0 Timer 0 Overflow External Interrupt 1 Timer 1 Overflow Serial Port Timer 2 Overflow A/D Converter I2C Channel Serial Port 1 SPI interrupt External Interrupt 2 External Interrupt 3 External Interrupt 4 External Interrupt 5 PWM Period PWM Brake Timer 3 Overflow Capture Input/Direction Interrupt/QEI NVM Interrupt Watchdog Timer
IE0 TF0 IE1 TF1 RI + TI TF2 + EXF2 ADCI I2C1 SI RI_1 + TI_1 SPIF + MODF + SPIOVF IE2 IE3 IE4 IE5 PWMF BKF TF3 CPTF0/QEIF+ CPTF1/DIRF+ CPTF2 NVMF WDIF
0003H 000BH 0013H 001BH 0023H 002BH 0033H 003BH 007BH 0083H 0043H 004BH 0053H 005BH 0073H 006BH 008BH 0093H 009BH 0063H
Hardware, Follow the inverse of pin Hardware, software Hardware, Follow the inverse of pin Hardware, software Software Software Software Software Software Software Hardware, software Hardware, software Hardware, software Hardware, software Software Software Software Software Software Software
1(highest) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Table 11- 1: Priority structure of interrupts
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The interrupt flags are sampled every machine cycle. In the same machine cycle, the sampled interrupts are polled and their priority is resolved. If certain conditions are met, the hardware will execute an internally generated LCALL instruction which will vector the process to the appropriate interrupt vector address. The conditions for generating the LCALL are; 1. An interrupt of equal or higher priority is not currently being serviced. 2. The current polling cycle is the last machine cycle of the instruction currently being executed. 3. The current instruction does not involve a write to IE, EIE, EIE1, IP, EIP, EIP1, IPH, EIPH or EIP1H registers and is not a RETI. If any of these conditions are not met, then the LCALL will not be generated. The polling cycle is repeated every machine cycle, with the interrupts sampled in the same machine cycle. If an interrupt flag is active in one cycle but not responded to, and is not active when the above conditions are met, the denied interrupt will not be serviced. This means that active interrupts are not remembered; every polling cycle is new. The processor responds to a valid interrupt by executing an LCALL instruction to the appropriate service routine. This may or may not clear the flag which caused the interrupt. In case of Timer interrupts, the TF0 or TF1 flags are cleared by hardware whenever the processor vectors to the appropriate timer service routine. In case of external interrupt, INT0 and INT1, the flags are cleared only if they are edge triggered. In case of Serial interrupts, the flags are not cleared by hardware. In the case of Timer 2 interrupt, the flags are not cleared by hardware. The Watchdog timer interrupt flag WDIF has to be cleared by software. The hardware LCALL behaves exactly like the software LCALL instruction. This instruction saves the Program Counter contents onto the Stack, but does not save the Program Status Word PSW. The PC is reloaded with the vector address of that interrupt which caused the LCALL. These address of vector for the different sources are shown in Table 11- 1: Priority structure of
interrupts.
PRIORITY BITS IPH/EIPH/EIP1H IP/EIP/EIP1
INTERRUPT PRIORITY LEVEL
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
Level 0 (lowest priority) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (highest priority)
Table 11- 2: Four-level interrupt priority
Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of four priority levels by setting or clearing bits in the IP, IPH, EIP, EIPH, EIP1 and EIP1H registers. An interrupt service routine in progress can be interrupted by a higher priority interrupt, but not by another interrupt of the same or lower priority. The highest priority interrupt service cannot be interrupted by any other interrupt source. So, if two requests of different priority levels are received simultaneously, the request of higher priority level is serviced. If requests of the same priority level are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines which request is serviced. This is called the arbitration ranking. Note that the arbitration ranking is only used to resolve simultaneous requests of the same priority level. As below Table summarizes the interrupt sources, flag bits, vector addresses, enable bits, priority bits, arbitration ranking, and whether each interrupt may wake up the CPU from Power Down mode.
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SOURCE
FLAG
VECTOR INTERRUPT ADDRESS ENABLE BITS
INTERRUPT ARBITRATION PRIORITY RANKING CONTROL BITS
POWER DOWN WAKEUP
External Interrupt 0 Timer 0 Overflow External Interrupt 1 Timer 1 Overflow Serial Port Timer 2 Overflow A/D Converter I2C Channel Serial Port 1 SPI interrupt External Interrupt 2 External Interrupt 3 External Interrupt 4 External Interrupt 5 PWM Period PWM Brake Timer 3 Overflow Capture Input/Direction Interrupt/QEI NVM Interrupt Watchdog Timer
IE0 TF0 IE1 TF1 RI + TI TF2 + EXF2 ADCI I2C SI RI_1 + TI_1 SPIF/MODF/ SPIOVF IE2 IE3 IE4 IE5 PWMF BKF TF3 CPTF0/QEIF+ CPTF1/DIRF+ CPTF2 NVMF WDIF
0003H 000BH 0013H 001BH 0023H 002BH 0033H 003BH 007BH 0083H 0043H 004BH 0053H 005BH 0073H 006BH 008BH 0093H 009BH 0063H
EX0 (IE.0) ET0 (IE.1) EX1 (IE.2) ET1 (IE.3) ES (IE.4) ET2 (IE.5) EADC (IE.6) EI2C (EIE.0) ES1 (EIE.7) ESPI (EIE1.0) EX2 (EIE.2) EX3 (EIE.3) EX4 (EIE.5) EX5 (EIE.6) EPWM (EIE1.1) EBK (EIE1.2) ET3 (EIE1.3) ECPTF (EIE1.4) ENVMI (EIE1.5) EWDI (EIE.4)
IPH.0,IP.0 IPH.1,IP.1 IPH.2,IP.2 IPH.3,IP.3 IPH.4,IP.4 IPH.5,IP.5 IPH.6,IP.6 EIPH.0, EIP.0 EIPH.7, EIP.7 EIP1H.0, EIP1.0 EIPH.2, EIP.2 EIPH.3, EIP.3 EIPH.5, EIP.5 EIPH.6, EIP.6 EIP1H.1, EIP1.1 EIP1H.2, EIP1.2 EIP1H.3, EIP1.3 EIP1H.4, EIP1.4 EIP1H.5, EIP1.5 EIPH.4, EIP.4
1(highest) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Yes No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No
Table 11- 3: Vector location for Interrupt sources and power down wakeup
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11.2.1 Response Time The response time for each interrupt source depends on several factors like nature of the interrupt and the instruction under progress. In the case of external interrupt INT0 to INT5, they are sampled at C3 of every machine cycle and then their corresponding interrupt flags IE0 and IE1 will be set or reset. Similarly, the Serial port flags RI/RI_1 and TI/TI_1 are set in C4 of last machine cycle. The Timer 0 and 1 overflow flags are set at C3 of the machine cycle in which overflow has occurred. These flag values are polled only in the next machine cycle. If a request is active and all three conditions are met, then the hardware generated LCALL is executed. This call itself takes four machine cycles to be completed. Thus there is a minimum time of five machine cycles between the interrupt flag being set and the interrupt service routine being executed. A longer response time should be anticipated if any of the three conditions are not met. If a higher or equal priority is being serviced, then the interrupt latency time obviously depends on the nature of the service routine currently being executed. If the polling cycle is not the last machine cycle of the instruction being executed, then an additional delay is introduced. The maximum response time (if no other interrupt is in service) occurs if the device is performing a write to IE, IP, IPH, EIE, EIP, EIPH, EIE1, EIP1 or EIP1H and then executes a MUL or DIV instruction. From the time an interrupt source is activated, the longest reaction time is 12 machine cycles. This includes 1 machine cycle to detect the interrupt, 2 machine cycles to complete the IE, IP, IPH, EIE, EIP, EIPH, EIE1, EIP1 or EIP1H access, 5 machine cycles to complete the MUL or DIV instruction and 4 machine cycles to complete the hardware LCALL to the interrupt vector location. Thus in a single-interrupt system the interrupt response time will always be more than 5 machine cycles and not more than 12 machine cycles. The maximum latency of 12 machine cycle is 48 clock cycles. Note that in the standard 8051 the maximum latency is 8 machine cycles which equals 96 machine cycles. This is a 50% reduction in terms of clock periods.
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12. PROGRAMMABLE TIMERS/COUNTERS
The W79E217 has three 16-bit programmable timer/counters.
12.1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1
TM0 and TM1 are 16-bit Timer/Counters, and there are nearly identical. Each of these Timer/Counters has two 8 bit registers which form the 16 bits counting register. For Timer/Counter 0, it consists of TH0, the upper 8 bits register, and TL0, the lower 8 bit register. Similarly Timer/Counter 1 has two 8 bits registers; TH1 and TL1. The two timers can be configured to operate either as timers, counting machine cycles or as counters counting external inputs. When configured as a "Timer", the timer counts clock cycles. In "Counter" mode, the register is incremented on the falling edge of the corresponding external input pins, T0 for Timer 0 and T1 for Timer 1. The T0 and T1 inputs are sampled in every machine cycle at C4. If the sampled value is high in one machine cycle and low in the next, then a valid high to low transition on the pin is recognized and the count register is incremented. Since it takes two machine cycles to recognize a negative transition on the pin, therefore the maximum counting rate is 1/8 of the master clock frequency. In both "Timer" and "Counter" mode, the count register is updated at C3. Therefore, in the "Timer" mode, the recognized negative transition on pin T0 and T1 can cause the count register value to be updated only in the machine cycle following the one in which the negative edge was detected. The "Timer" or "Counter" function is selected by the " C/ T " bit in the TMOD Special Function Register. Each Timer/Counter has one selection bit for its own; bit 2 of TMOD selects the function for Timer/Counter 0 and bit 6 of TMOD selects the function for Timer/Counter 1. In addition each Timer/Counter can be set to operate in any one of four possible modes. The mode selection is done by bits M0 and M1 in the TMOD SFR.
12.1.1 Time-Base Selection The W79E217 can operate like the standard 8051/52 family, counting at the rate of 1/12 of the clock speed, or in turbo mode, counting at the rate of 1/4 clock speed. The speed is controlled by the T0M and T1M bits in CKCON, and the default value is zero, which uses the standard 8051/52 speed. 12.1.2 Mode 0 In Mode 0, the timer/counter is a 13-bit counter. The 13-bit counter consists of THx (8 MSB) and the five lower bits of TLx (5 LSB). The upper three bits of TLx are ignored. The timer/counter is enabled when TRx is set and either GATE is 0 or INTx is 1. When C/ T is 0, the timer/counter counts clock cycles; when C/ T is 1, it counts falling edges on T0 (P3.4 for Timer 0) or T1 (P3.5 for Timer 1). For clock cycles, the time base may be 1/12 or 1/4 clock speed, and the falling edge of the clock increments the counter. When the 13-bit value moves from 1FFFh to 0000h, the timer overflow flag TFx is set, and an interrupt occurs if enabled. This is illustrated in next figure below.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
12.1.3 Mode 1 Mode 1 is the same as Mode 0, except that the timer/counter is 16 bits, instead of 13 bits.
Figure 12-1: Timer/Counters 0 & 1 in Mode 0 and Mode 1
12.1.4 Mode 2 In Mode 2, the timer/counter is in the Auto Reload Mode. In this mode, TLx acts as an 8 bits count register, while THx holds the reload value. When the TLx register overflows from FFh to 00h, the TFx bit in TCON is set and TLx is reloaded with the contents of THx, and the counting process continues. The reload operation leaves the contents of the THx register unchanged. Counting is enabled by the TRx bit and proper setting of GATE and INTx pins. As in the other two modes 0 and 1, mode 2 allows counting of either clock cycles (clock/12 or clock/4) or pulses on pin Tn.
Figure 12-2: Timer/Counter 0 & 1 in Mode 2
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
12.1.5 Mode 3 Mode 3 is used when an extra 8-bit timer is needed. It has different effect on Timer 0 and Timer 1. TL0 and TH0 become two separate 8 bits counters. TL0 uses the Timer 0 control bits C/ T , GATE, TR0, INT0 and TF0, and it can be used to count clock cycles (clock/12 or clock/4) or falling edges on pin T0, as determined by C/ T (TMOD.2). TH0 becomes a clock-cycle counter (clock/12 or clock/4) and takes over the Timer 1 enable bit TR1 and overflow flag TF1. In contrast, mode 3 simply freezes Timer 1. If Timer 0 is in mode 3, Timer 1 can still be used in modes 0, 1 and 2, but it no longer has control over TR1 and TF1. Therefore when Timer 0 is in Mode 3, Timer 1 can only count oscillator cycles, and it does not have an interrupt or flag. With these limitations, baud rate generation is its most practical application, but other time-base functions may be achieved by reading the registers.
Figure 12-3: Timer/Counter Mode 3
12.2 Timer/Counter 2
Timer/Counter 2 is a 16-bit up/down-counter equipped with a capture/reload capability. The clock source for Timer/Counter 2 may be the external T2 pin ( C / T2 = 1) or the crystal oscillator ( C / T2 = 0), divided by 12 or 4. The clock is enabled and disabled by TR2. Timer/Counter 2 runs in one of four operating modes, each of which is discussed below.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
12.2.1 Capture Mode
Capture mode is enabled by setting CP/RL2 in T2CON to 1. In capture mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16-bit up-counter. When the counter rolls over from FFFFh to 0000h, the timer overflow flag TF2 is set, and an interrupt is generated, if enabled. If the EXEN2 bit is set, a negative transition on the T2EX pin captures the current value of TL2 and TH2 in the RCAP2L and RCAP2H registers. It also sets the EXF2 bit in T2CON, which generates an interrupt if enabled. In addition, if the T2CR bit in T2MOD is set, the W79E217 resets Timer 2 automatically after each capture. This is illustrated below. (RCLK,TCLK, CP/RL2 )= (0,0,1)
Figure 12-4: Timer2 16-Bit Capture Mode
12.2.2 Auto-reload Mode, Counting up
This mode is enabled by clearing CP/RL2 in T2CON register and DCEN in T2MOD. In this mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16-bit up-counter. When the counter rolls over from FFFFh to 0000h, the timer overflow flag TF2 is set, and TL2 and TH2 capture the contents of RCAP2L and RCAP2H, respectively. Alternatively, if EXEN2 is set, a negative transition on the T2EX pin causes a reload, which also sets the EXF2 bit in T2CON.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
(RCLK,TCLK, CP/RL2 )= (0,0,0) & DCEN= 0
Figure 12-5: 16-Bit Auto-reload Mode, Counting Up
12.2.3 Auto-reload Mode, Counting Up/Down
This mode is enabled by clearing CP / RL2 in T2CON and setting DCEN in T2MOD. In this mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16-bit up/down-counter, whose direction is controlled by the T2EX pin (1 = up, 0 = down). If Timer/Counter 2 is counting up, an overflow reloads TL2 and TH2 with the contents of the capture registers RCAP2L and RCAP2H. If Timer/Counter 2 is counting down, TL2 and TH2 are loaded with FFFFh when the contents of Timer/Counter 2 equal the capture registers RCAP2L and RCAP2H. Regardless of direction, reloading sets the TF2 bit. It also toggles the EXF2 bit, but the EXF2 bit can not generate an interrupt in this mode. This is illustrated below. (RCLK,TCLK, CP/RL2 )= (0,0,0) & DCEN= 1
Figure 12-6: 16-Bit Auto-reload Up/Down Counter
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
12.2.4 Baud Rate Generator Mode Baud rate generator mode is enabled by setting either RCLK or TCLK in T2CON. In baud rate generator mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16-bit counter with auto-reload when the count rolls over from FFFFh. However, rolling-over does not set TF2. If EXEN2 is set, then a negative transition on the T2EX pin sets EXF2 bit in the T2CON register and causes an interrupt request.
RCLK+TCLK=1, CP/RL2 =0
Figure 12-7: Baud Rate Generator Mode
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
13. WATCHDOG TIMER
The Watchdog Timer is a free-running timer that can be programmed to serve as a system monitor, a time-base generator or an event timer. It is basically a set of dividers that divide the system clock to determine the time-out interval. When the time-out occurs, a flag is set, which can generate an interrupt or a system reset, if enabled. The interrupt will occur if its interrupt and global interrupt enables are set. The interrupt and reset functions are independent of each other and may be used separately or together. The main use of the Watchdog Timer is as a system monitor. In case of power glitches or electromagnetic interference, the processor may begin to execute errant code. The Watchdog Timer helps W79E217 recovers from these states. During development, the code is first written without the watchdog interrupt or reset. Then, the watchdog interrupt is enabled to identify code locations where the interrupt occurs, and instructions are inserted to reset the Watchdog Timer in these locations. In the final version, the watchdog interrupt is disabled, and the watchdog reset is enabled. If errant code is executed, the Watchdog Timer is not reset at the required times, so a Watchdog Timer reset occurs. When used as a simple timer, the reset and interrupt functions are disabled. The Watchdog Timer can be started by RWT and sets the WDIF flag after the selected time interval. Meanwhile, the program polls the WDIF flag to find out when the selected time interval has passed. Alternatively, the Watchdog Timer can also be used as a very long timer. In this case, the interrupt feature is enabled.
Figure 13-1: Watchdog Timer
The Watchdog Timer should be started by RWT because this ensures that the timer starts from a known state. The RWT bit is self-clearing; i.e., after writing a 1 to this bit, the bit is automatically cleared. After setting RWT, the Watchdog Timer begins counting clock cycles. The time-out interval is selected by WD1 and WD0 (CKCON.7 and CKCON.6).
INTERRUPT TIME-OUT RESET TIME-OUT NUMBER OF CLOCKS TIME @ 10 MHZ TIME @ 11.0592 MHZ TIME @ 25 MHZ
WD1
WD0
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
217 2 2 2
20 23 26
217 + 512 2 2 2
20 23 26
131072 1048576 8388608 67108864
13.11 mS 104.86 mS 838.86 mS 6710.89 mS
11.85 mS 94.81 mS 758.52 mS 6068.15 mS
5.24 mS 41.94 mS 335.54 mS 2684.35 mS
+ 512 + 512 + 512
Table 13-1: Time-out values for the Watchdog Timer
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
When the selected time-out occurs, the watchdog interrupt flag WDIF (WDCON.3) is set. After watchdog time-out, and if Watchdog Timer Reset EWT (WDCON.1) is enabled, the Watchdog Timer will cause a reset 512 clocks later. This reset lasts two machine cycles, and the Watchdog Timer reset flag WTRF (WDCON.2) is set, which indicates that the Watchdog Timer caused the reset. RWT can be used to clear Watchdog timer before a time-out occurs. The Watchdog Timer is disabled by a power-on/fail reset. The external reset and Watchdog Timer reset can not disable Watchdog Timer, instead it only restart the Timer. The control bits that support the Watchdog Timer are described as below:
Watchdog Timer Control (WDCON)
BIT NAME FUNCTION
7 6 5-4 3
POR WDIF
Reserved. Power-on reset flag. The hardware sets this flag during power-up, and it can only be cleared by software. This flag can also be written by software. Reserved. Watchdog Timer Interrupt Flag. If the watchdog interrupt is enabled, the hardware sets this bit to indicate that the watchdog interrupt has occurred. If the interrupt is not enabled, this bit indicates that the time-out period has elapsed. This bit must be cleared by software. Watchdog Timer Reset Flag. If EWT is 0, the Watchdog Timer has no affect on this bit. Otherwise, the hardware sets this bit when the Watchdog Timer causes a reset. It can be cleared by software or a power-fail reset. It can be also read by software, which helps determine the cause of a reset. Enable Watchdog-Timer Reset. Set this bit to enable the Watchdog Timer Reset function. Reset Watchdog Timer. Set this bit to reset the Watchdog Timer before a time-out occurs. This bit is automatically cleared by the hardware.
2
WTRF
1 0
EWT RWT
The POR, EWT, WDIF and RWT bits are protected by the Timed Access procedure. This procedure prevents software, especially errant code, from accidentally enabling or disabling the Watchdog Timer. An example is provided below.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
org mov mov clr jnb jmp bypass_reset: mov mov setb reti org start: ; ; ; mov mov mov mov mov mov mov setb setb jmp
63h TA,#AAH TA,#55H WDIF execute_reset_flag,bypass_reset $ TA,#AAH TA,#55H RWT
; Test if CPU need to reset. ; Wait to reset
300h ckcon,#01h ckcon,#61h ckcon,#81h ckcon,#c1h TA,#aah TA,#55h WDCON,#00000011B EWDI ea $ ; Select 2 ^ 17 timer ; Select 2 ^ 20 timer ; Select 2 ^ 23 timer ; Select 2 ^ 26 timer
; Wait time out
Clock Control WD1, WD0: CKCON.7, CKCON.6 - Watchdog Timer Mode select bits. These two bits select the timeout interval for the Watchdog Timer. The reset interval is 512 clocks longer than the selected interval. The default time-out is 217 clocks, the shortest time-out period.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
14. PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATED (PWM) OUTPUTS 14.1 PWM Features
The PWM block supports the following features; Four 12-bit PWM channels or complementary pairs: 4 independent PWM outputs: PWM0, PWM2, PWM4 & PWM6. 4 complementary PWM pairs with insertion of programmable dead-time: (PWM0,PWM1), (PWM2,PWM3), (PWM4,PWM5), (PWM6,PWM7) Three operation mode: Edge aligned mode, Center aligned mode and Single shot mode. Programmable dead-time insertion between paired PWMs. Output override control for Electrically Commutated Motor operation. Hardware/software brake protection. Support 2 independent interrupts: Interrupt request when up/down counter comparison matched or underflow. Interrupt request when external brake asserted. Flexible operation in debug mode. High Source/Sink current. The outputs for PWM0 to PWM7 are on P2[5:0] (PWM[5:0]) and P5[1:0] (PWM [7:6]) respectively. After CPU reset, the internal output of each PWM channel depends on the output controls and polarity settings. The interval between successive outputs is controlled by a 12-bit up/down counter which uses the oscillator frequency with configurable internal clock prescaler as its input. The PWM counter clock, has the frequency as the clock source FPWM = FOSC/Prescaler. The following is the block diagram for PWM.
Figure 14-1: PWM Block Diagram
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
14.2 PWM Control Registers
The overall functioning of the PWM module is controlled by the contents of the PWMCON1 register. The operation of most of the control bits is straightforward. For example PWM0I is an invert bit for each output which causes results in the output to have the opposite value compared to its noninverted output. The transfer of the data from the Counter and Compare registers to the control registers is controlled by the PWMCON1.6 (load) while PWMCON1.7 (PWMRUN) allows the PWM to be either in the run or idle state. If the Brake pin is not used to control the brake function, the "Brake when PWM is not running" function can be used to cause the outputs to have a given state when the PWM is halted. This approach should be used only in time critical situations when there is not sufficient time to use the approach outlined above, since going from the Brake state to run without causing an undefined state on the outputs is not straightforward. A discussion on this topic is included in the section on PWMCON2. The Brake function, which is controlled by the contents of the PWMCON2 register, is somewhat unique. In general, when Brake is asserted, the eight PWM outputs are forced to a user selected state, namely the state selected by PWMCON3. As shown in the description of the operation of the PWMCON2 register, if PWMCON2.4, BKEN, is a "1" brake is asserted under the control PWMCON2.7, BKCH, and PWMCON2.5, BPEN. As shown, if both are a "0", brake is asserted. If PWMCON2.7 is a "1", brake is asserted when the PWMRUN bit, PWMCON1.7, is a "0". If PWMCON2.6, BKPS, is a "1", brake is asserted when the Brake Pin, P1.1, has the same polarity as PWMCON2.6. When brake is asserted in response to this pin, the PWMRUN bit in PWMCON1.7 is automatically cleared, and BKF (PWMCON4.0) flag will be set. When both BKCH and BPEN are "1", BKF will be set when Brake pin is asserted, but PWM generator continues to run. With this special condition, the PWM output does not follow PWMnB, instead it output continuously as per normal without affected by the brake. Since the Brake Pin being asserted will automatically clear the PWMRUN (PWMCON1.7) and BKF (PWMCON4.0) flag will be set, the user program can poll this bit or enable PWM's brake interrupt to determine when the Brake Pin causes a brake to occur. The other method for detecting a brake caused by the Brake Pin would be to tie the Brake Pin to one of the external interrupt pins. This latter approach is needed if the Brake signal is of insufficient length to ensure that it can be captured by a polling routine. When, after being asserted, the condition causing the brake is removed, the PWM outputs go to whatever state that had immediately prior to the brake. This means that in order to go from brake being asserted to having the PWM run without going through an indeterminate state, care must be taken. If the Brake Pin causes brake to be asserted, the following prototype code will allow the PWM to go from brake to run smoothly by software polling BKF flag or enable PWM's interrupt. * Rewrite PWMCON2 to change from Brake Pin enabled to S/W Brake. * Write PWM (0, 2, 4, 6) Compare register to always "1", FFFh, or always "0", 000h, to initialize PWM output to a High or Low, respectively. * Clear BKF flag. * Set PWMCON1 to enable PWMRUN and Load. * Poll Brake Pin until it is no longer active. * Poll PWMCON1 to find that Load Bit PWMCON1.6 is "0". When "0": * Write PWMP (0, 2, 4, and 6) Counter register for desired pulse widths and counter reload values. * Set PWMCON1 to Run and Transfer.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Note that if a narrow pulse on the Brake Pin causes brake to be asserted, it may not be possible to go through the above code before the end of the pulse. In this case, in addition to the code shown, an external latch on the Brake Pin may be required to ensure that there is a smooth transition in going from brake to run. A compare value greater than the counter reloaded value resulted in the PWM output being high. In addition there are two special cases. A compare value of all zeroes, 000H, causes the output to remain permanently Low. A compare value of all ones, FFFH, results in the PWM output remaining permanently High.
Figure 14-2: PWM Time-base Generator and Brake Function
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
The PWMP register fact that writes are not into the Counter register that controls the counter; rather they are into a holding register. As described below the transfer of data from this holding register, into the register which contains the actual reload value, is controlled by the user's program. The width of each PWM output pulse is determined by the value in the appropriate compare register. Each PWM register pair of (PWMPH,PWMPL), (PWM0H,PWM0L), (PWM2H,PWM2L), (PWM4H,PWM4L) and (PWM6H,PWM6L),in the format of 12-bit width by combining 4 LSB of high byte and 8 MSB bits of low byte, decides the PWM period and each channel's duty cycle. The following equations show the formula for period and duty for each pwm operation mode:
Edge aligned: Period = (pwmp +1) * ioclock period * 1/prescaler Duty = duty * ioclock period Single shot: Period = (pwmp) * ioclock period /prescaler (no meaning since it is not periodic) Duty = (duty) * ioclock period/prescaler (for prescaler 1, 1/2, 1/4) (duty-1) * ioclock period /prescaler < Duty < (duty) * ioclock period/prescaler (for prescaler 1/16) Centre aligned: Period = (pwmp* 2) * ioclock period /prescaler Duty = (duty*2 - 1) * ioclock period /prescaler
Note: "duty" refers to PWM0~3 register value.
14.3 PWM Pin Structures
As show in the following diagrams, PWM pin structures are controllable through PWM options bits (PWMEE/PWMOE) and SFR PWMCON4 bits (PWMEOM/PWMOOM/PWM6OM/PWM7OM).
PWMEE/PWMOE (OPTION BITS)
X 1 (Disable) 0 (Enable) 0 (Enable)
PWMEOM/PWMOOM /PWM6OM/PWM7OM
0 1 1 1
PIO.X (X = 0-7)
X X
PIN STRUCTURES
Tri-state
Quasi (I/O output) Push Pull (PWM output) Push Pull (I/O output)
0 1
Table 14-1: PWM pin structures (during internal rom execution)
PWMEE/PWMOE (OPTION BITS)
1 (Disable)
0 (Enable)
PWMEOM/PWMOOM /PWM6OM/PWM7OM
X X
PIO.X (X = 0-7)
X X
PIN OUTPUT
PIN STRUCTURES
Push Pull Push Pull (strong)
External access External access
Table 14-2: PWM pin structures (during external rom execution)
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Note: PWMEOM/PWMOOM/PWM6OM/PWM7OM are cleared to zero when CPU in reset state. Thus, the port pins that multi-function with PWM will be tri-stated on default. User is required to set the bits to enable GPIO/PWM outputs.
Figure 14-3: PWM0, 2 & 4 I/O pins
Figure 14-4: PWM1, 3 & 5 I/O pins
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Figure 14-5: PWM6 I/O pin
Figure 14-6: PWM7 I/O pin
EPOL (Option Bit)
PWM Initial State Low High 0 1 0 PWM Output (PWM0,2,4,6) 1 B 0 1 PWMeEN
PWMeB
In Brake Condition Note: e = 0,2,4,6
Figure 14-7: Even PWM Output
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
OPOL (Option Bit)
PWM Initial State Low High 0 1 0 1 C 0 1 PWMoEN
PWM Output (PWM1,3,5,7)
PWMoB
In Brake Condition Note: o = 1,3,5,7
Figure 14-8: Odd PWM Output
14.4 Complementary PWM with Dead-time and Override functions
In this module there are four duty-cycle generators, from 0 through 3. The total of eight PWM output pins in this module, from 0 through 7. The eight PWM outputs are grouped into output pairs of even and odd numbered outputs. In complimentary modes, the odd PWM pins must always be the complement of the corresponding even PWM pin. For example, PWM1 will be the complement of PWM0. PWM3 will be the complement of PWM2, PWM5 will be the complement of PWM4 and PWM7 will be the complement of PWM6. Complementary mode is enabled only when both PWMeEN and the corresponding PWMoEN are set to high. The time base for the PWM module is provided by its own 12-bit timer, which also incorporates selectable prescaler options. Note: PWM pairs of (PWM2, 3), (PWM4, 5) and (PWM6, 7) are in the same structure as pair of (PWM0, 1). (Refer to Figure 14-9).
Figure 14-9: Complementary PWM with Dead-time and Override functions
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
14.5 Dead-Time Insertion
The dead time generator inserts an "off" period called "dead time" between the turnings off of one pin to the turning on of the complementary pin of the paired pins. This is to prevent damage to the power switching devices that will be connected to the PWM output pins. Each complementary output pair for the PWM module has 6-bits counter used to produce the dead time insertion. Each dead time unit has a rising and falling edge detector connected to the duty cycle comparison output. The dead time is loaded into the timer on the detected PWM edge event. Depending on whether the edge is rising or falling, one of the transitions on the complementary outputs is delayed until the timer counts down to zero. A timing diagram indicating the dead time insertion for one pair of PWM outputs is shown in Figure 14-10 and Figure 14-11.
PWM0 without Dead-Time PWM1 without Dead-Time PWM0 with Dead-Time PWM1 with Dead-Time Dead-Time Interval Note: PDTC0.4 selects insertion at rising edge Figure 14-10: Effect of Dead-Time for complementary pairs (rising edge)
PWM0 without Dead-Time PWM1 without Dead-Time PWM0 with Dead-Time PWM1 with Dead-Time Dead-Time Interval Note: PDTC0.4 selects insertion at falling edge Figure 14-11: Effect of Dead-Time for complementary pairs (falling edge)
Note: User need to take care that power switches should not be use when PWM pair is asserted (high) at the same time.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
PDTCO and PDTC1 have time access protection in writing access. In Power inverter application, a dead time insertion avoids the upper and lower switches of the half bridge from being active at the same time. Hence the dead time control is crucial to proper operation of a system. Some amount of time must be provided between turning off of one PWM output in a complementary pair and turning on the other transistor as the power output devices cannot switch instantaneously.
14.6 PWM Output Override
Figure 14-12: Override Flow Diagram
Each of the PWM output channels can be manually overridden by using the appropriate bits in the POVD and POVM registers. This function allow user to drive the PWM I/O pins to specified logic states independent of the duty cycle comparison units. The PWM override bits are useful when controlling various types of Electrically Commutated Motor (ECM) like a BLDC motor. The POVD register contains eight bits, POVD[7:0]. It determines which PWM I/O pins will be overridden. On reset, POVD is 00H. The POVM register contains eight bits, POVM[7:0]. It determines the state of the PWM I/O pins when a particular output is overridden via the POVD bits. On reset, POVM is 00H. The POVM[7:0] bits are active-high. When the POVM[7:0] bits are set, the corresponding POVD[7:0] bit will have effect on the PWM output. When one of the POVM bits is set, the output on the corresponding PWM I/O pin will be determined by the state of corresponding POVD bit. When a POVM bit is clear, the PWM pin will be driven to its active state. The odd channel is always the complement of the even channel with dead time inserted.. Figure 14-13 demonstrates the override function in complementary mode.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Figure 14-13: Override bit in complementary mode
Assume rising edge dead time insertion; refer to Figure 14-12: Override Flow Diagram. Example: POVM0 = 1 and POVM1 = 0; PWM0EN and PWM1EN = 1; a. Odd override bits have no effect in complementary mode. b. Even override bit is activated, which causes the Odd PWM to deactivate. c. Dead-Time insertion. d. Even PWM activated after the dead-time. e. Even override bit is deactivated, which causes the Even PWM to deactivate. f. Dead-Time insertion. g. Odd PWM is activated after the dead time.
Figure 14-14: Example 1 of Output Even & Odd Override
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
POVM PWMEEN = 1 PWMOEN = 1
STATE
POVD
1 2 3 4 5 6
1111 1111b 1111 1111b 1111 1111b 1111 1111b 1111 1111b 1111 1111b
Table 14-3: Example 1 of Output Even & Odd Override
0110 0100b 1010 0001b 0000 1001b 0001 1000b 1001 0010b 0100 0110b
Figure 14-15: Example 2 of Output Override
#1: POVM #2: POVM (Odd not overridenot in (Odd not Override in State complementary) complementary) (PWMeEN = 1, (PWMeEN = 1, PWMoEN = 0) PWMoEN = 1)
#3: POVM (Odd with Override not in complementary) (PWMeEN = 1, PWMoEN = 1)
POVD
1 2 3 4
0001 0100b 0000 0101b 0100 0001b 0101 0000b
0001 0100b 0000 0101b 0100 0001b 0101 0000b
Table 14-4: Example 2 of Output Override
1011 1110 1010 1111 1110 1011 1111 1010
0000 0000b 0000 0000b 0000 0000b 0000 0000b
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
14.7 Edge Aligned PWM (up-counter)
Figure 14-16: Edge-Aligned PWM
In edge-aligned PWM Output mode, the 12 bits counter will starts counting from 0 to match with the value of the duty cycle PWM0 (old). When the match occurs, it will toggle the PWM0 output waveform to low. After CPU resets, the value of PWM0 waveform at starts of counter depend on the polarity setting located in the Option bits. At this point a new PWM0 (new) is written. The counter will continue counting to match with the value of the period register, PWMP (old) and toggle the PWM0 waveform to high. Please take note that PWM0 and PWMP is a double-buffered register used to set the duty cycle and counting period for the PWM time base respectively. For the 1st buffer it is accessible by user while the 2nd buffer holds the actual compare value used in the present period. Load bit must be set to 1 to enable the value to be loaded in to the 2nd buffer register when counter underflow/match. When the counter matches the PWMP (old) it will automatically update the new duty cycle register and the counter will again starts counting upwards to match the value PWM0 (new). At this point it will toggle the PWM0 waveform to low. New PWMP is written at this point. When the counter continues counting to match the PWMP (old), again the PWM0 waveform will be toggle to high. The counter starts counting from 0 again; at this point the value is PWM0 (new) and PWMP (new) to be match by the counter and once the counter matches these values it will be toggle at the PWM output.
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Set PMOD[1:0] = 00 Start : Load = 1 PWMRUN = 1, CLRPWM = 1 Load PWMn and PWMP to working registers "Load" auto clear by hardware (h/w)
No PWMn output : Non Inverted 1 if counter < PWMn 0 if counter > PWMn
PWMnI = 1? (output inverted?)
Yes PWMn output : Inverted 0 if counter < PWMn 1 if counter > PWMn
Counter counting up
Counter = PWMn?
No
PWMn output toggle Counter continues counting up
Counter = PWMP?
No
PWMn output toggle Reset counter to zero (h/w) PWMF flag set No Load = 1? Yes Load new PWMP/PWMn value to working register
Figure 14-17: Edge-Aligned Flow Diagram
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Figure 14-18: Program Flow for Edge-Aligned mode
PWMP (7FF) PWM0 (3FF)
PWM0 Waveform
PWM Period PWM Period PWM Period PWM Period PWM Period
Figure 14-19: PWM0 Edge Aligned Waveform Output
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14.8 Center Aligned PWM (up/down counter)
1. 12-bit up counter matches PWMP 2. Update new duty cycle register (PWM0,2,4 and 6) if Load=1 3. Update new PWM period register (PWMP) if Load=1
PWMP (new) PWMP (old) PWM0 (new) PWM0 (old) PWM0 waveform
PWM period PWM period
New PWM0 is written
New PWMP is written
Figure 14-20: Center-Aligned Mode
Center-aligned PWM signals are produced by the module when the PWM time base is configured in an Up/Down Counting mode (see Figure 14-20). The counter will start counting-up from 0 to match the value of PWM0 (old); this will cause the toggling of the PWM0 output to low. The CPU reset states determine the starts value of PWM0 waveform at starts of counter lies on the polarity setting located in the Option bits. At this time the new PWM0 is written to the register. Counter continue to count and match with the PWMP (old). Upon reaching this states counter is configured automatically to down counting and toggle the PWM0 output when counter matches the PWM0 (old) value. Interrupt request when up/down counter underflow. Once the counter reaches 0 it will update the duty cycle register with Load = 1. Up-counting is continues with the matching at PWM0 (new) follow by a low toggle at the PWM0 output. By this time the PWMP buffer is still consist of the PWMP (old) value. A new PWMP is written. So the counter will still matches with this value and continues with down counting and matched the PWM0 (new) and toggle the PWM0 output. Again updates on the PWM period register is reflected on the 3rd cycle of the diagram by starts counting from 0 to match the PWM0 (new) and toggle at the PWM0 output to low. Counter is continuing up-counting, upon reaching the PWMP (new) it is matched. Then counter is down counting automatically to match at the PWM0 (new) to get a toggle high at PWM0 output.
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Figure 14-21: Center-aligned Flow Diagram
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Figure 14-22: PWM0 Center Aligned Waveform Output
14.9 Single Shot (Up-Counter)
Figure 14-23: Single Shot Mode
The single shot mode PWM module will produce single pulse output. Single-pulse operation is configured when the PMOD1:PMOD0 bits are set to `01' in PWMCON3 register. This mode of operation is useful for driving certain types of ECMs. In this mode, the PWM counter will start counting upwards when the PWMRUN is set to 1. When the counter value matches with the PWMP register, PWM interrupt will be generated if it is enable and PWMF is set and counter will reset to zero on the following input clock edge and PWMRUN will be cleared by hardware. Duty cycle of PWM channels are determined by the respective PWMx registers, where x = 0,2,4,6
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Example Steps of setting up Single Shot:1. Set initial state = 0 (controlled by EPOL option bit) 2. PWM0EN=0, POVM.0=0, PWM0I=0, PWM0=0000H(for keep comparator output in low state), PWMP=0001H(let the period as short as possible) 3. PWMRUN=1(Do a dummy PWMRUN for loading PWM0 to compare register0, which make comparator output LOW always. 4. PWM0EN=1, now the PWM0 pin should be still in 0 state. 5. PWMP=xxxxH(controls a period), PWM0=yyyyH(controls duty or pulse width) 6. PWMRUN=1(this time a real PWM single shot signal user wanted. The wave form should be the upper one.
Note: In single shot mode, it's important that user sets CLRPWM together with PWMRUN and LOAD in order to have PWMn and PWMP loaded into working registers immediately.
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Figure 14-24: Single-Shot Flow Diagram
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14.10 Smart Fault Detector
This is a brake detection logic that is new to support external brake conditions that already exist. A dedicated SFR FSPLT is added for this function. The SFR consists of smart fault detector control and status bits. It basically consists of a clock divider, 8 bits counter, comparator and 4 selectable compare values. The following diagram show the general block diagram.
Figure 14-25: Smart Fault Detector
The smart fault detector is enabled when bit LSBD = 1 (FSPLT.0). This logic detects low level brake pin. The 8 bits counter is enabled by SFCEN bit located in SFR FSPLT.3. The counter is clock by Fosc divider selectable by SFP1-0 control bits (FSPLT.5-4). The comparator compares the 8 bits counter value with the compare value selectable with SCMP1-0 (FSPLT1-0). Upon initial detection of low level at brake pin, the 8 bits counter will be active. This will cause the counter to increment. While the counter is active and there is high level detected at brake pin, the counter will decrement. See next figure for timing diagram. When the counter value reaches compare value, BKF will be asserted.
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Figure 14-26: Smart Fault Detector timing diagram
The smart fault detector consists of 2 status bits; SFCST and SFCDIR. A SFCST show status of 8 bits counter is active or in-active, while SFCDIR shows the counter's counting direction. When SFCST = 0, SFCDIR keeps its' state. The s/w can manually disable and clear the 8 bits counter, by clearing SFCEN to 0. The following tables show the tabulate accumulated low level Brake time with various Fosc/x dividers and compares value, at 33MHz and 20MHz.
FOSC/X 1/4 1/8 1/16 1/128
SCMP[1:0] 4 16 64 128
8,250,000 0.485us 1.939us 7.758us 15.515us
4,125,000 0.970us 3.879us 15.515us 31.030us
2,062,500 1.939us 7.758us 31.030us 62.061us
257,812 15.515us 62.061us 248.242us 496.485us
Table 14-5: Example the accumulated low level time at 33 MHz
FOSC/X
1/4
1/8
1/16
1/128
SCMP[1:0] 4 16 64 128
5,000,000 0.80us 3.20us 12.80us 25.60us
2,500,000 1.60us 6.40us 25.60us 51.20us
1,250,000 3.20us 12.80us 51.20us 102.40us
156,250 25.60us 102.40us 409.60us 819.20us
Table 14-6: Example the accumulated low level time at 20 MHz
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14.11 PWM Power-down/Wakeup Procedures
The following flow diagrams describe the possible pwm procedures users require to take care prior to the product power-down/wake-up. The power-down procedure below will result in PWM output a low state after power-down. To output a high state, users may set PWMn to FFFh and initial state set to high through option bit (EPOL/OPOL).
Figure 14-27: Example of PWM power-down procedure (pwm output low state)
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Figure 14-28: Example of PWM wake-up from power-down procedure
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15. MOTION FEEDBACK MODULE
Motion feedback module is a peripheral module designed for motion feedback applications. This module includes two sub-modules: * Input Capture Module (IC). * Quadrature Encoder Interface (QEI). There are three 16-bit registers cascaded by two 8-bit SFR in motion feedback module, but with different definitions in each sub-module. Together with Timer 3, these modules provide a number of options for motion and control applications. Most of the features for the QEI and IC sub-modules are fully programmable thus making a flexible peripheral structure that can accommodate a wide range of uses. A simplified block diagram of the entire Motion Feedback module is shown in Figure 15-2. Note: The input pins are common to the IC and QEI sub-modules, only one of these two submodules may be used at any given time. IC sub-module is the default value upon reset.
15.1 Input Capture Module (IC)
The capture modules are function to detect and measure pulse width and period of a square wave. It supports 3 capture inputs and digital noise rejection filter. The modules are configured by CAPCON0 and CAPCON1 SFR registers. Input Capture 0, 1 & 2 have their own edge detector but share with one timer i.e. Timer 3. The Input Capture pins structure are Schmitt trigger. For this operation it basically consists of; * 3 capture module function blocks. * Timer 3 block. Each capture module block consists of 2 bytes of capture registers, noise filter and programmable edge triggers. Noise Filter is used to filter the unwanted glitch or pulse on the trigger input pin. The noise filter can be enabled through bit ENFx (CAPCON1). If enabled, the capture logic required to sample 4 consecutive same capture input value in order to recognize an edge as a capture event. A possible implementation of digital noise filter is as follow; the interval between pulses requirement for input capture is 1 machine cycle width, which is the same as the pulse width required to guarantee a trigger for all trigger edge mode. For less than 3 system clocks, anything less than 3 clocks will not have any trigger and pulse width of 3 or more but less than 4 clocks will trigger but will not guarantee 100% because input sampling is at stage C3 of the machine cycle.
Figure 15-1: Noise Filter
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The trigger option is programmable through CCTx [1:0] (CAPCON0). It supports positive edge, negative edge and both edge triggers. Each capture module consists of an enable, ICEN0~2. [Note: x=0, 1, 2 for capture 0, 1, 2 block]. Capture blocks are triggered by external pins IC0, IC1 and IC2, respectively. If ICENx is enabled, each time the external pin triggers, the content of the free running 16 bits counter, TL3 & TH3 (from Timer 3 block) will be captured/transferred into the corresponding capture registers, CCLx and CCHx. This action also causes the corresponding CPTFx flag bit in CAPCON1 to be set, and generate an interrupt (if enabled by ECPTF bit in SFR, EIE1.4). The CPTF0-2 flags are logical "OR" to the interrupt module. Input Capture 0~2 share one interrupt named Capture Interrupt. Flag is set by hardware and cleared by software. Setting the T3CR bit (T3MOD.3), will allow hardware to reset timer 3 automatically after the value of TL3 and TH3 have been captured. Priority is given to T3CR to reset counter after capture the timer value into the capture register. When CMP/RL3 = 0 (reload mode, with T3CR=0 and ENLD=1), RCAP3 will be loaded into Timer 3 counter upon overflow. While the rest of the condition of combination of setting for T3CR and ENLD will reset the counter to 0000H.
Capture 0 Block
CCL0 CCT0[1:0] CPTF0 CCH0
Capture 1 Block
Capture 2 Block (Note)
With Schmitt Trigger
IC0
ENF0
[1]
[00]
Noise Filter
[01]
ICEN0
[10]
IC1
IC2
CPTF1
T3CR
CPTF0 CPTF1 CPTF2
CPTF2
Reset Timer3
CMP/RL3 TMF3
Fosc
DIV by 1,4,16,32
TR3
TL3
TH3
0 TF3
CCDIV[1:0] TOVF3 CPTF0 CPTF1 CPTF2
1 =
ENLD CMP/RL3 TMF3
00 01 10 11
CMP/RL3
RCAP3L
RCAP3H
CCLD[1:0] Timer 3 Block
Note:TOVF3 = Timer 3 overflow TMF3 = Internal Timer 3 Flag signal. Input Capture 2 block (refer to Figure 15-3). Figure 15-2: Timer3/Capture/Compare/Reload modules
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Figure 15-3: Input Capture 2 block diagram
Note: When QEI enabled (QEIEN=1), input capture 2 (IC2) still can detect edge changes. . The following table shows the bits setting for enabling input capture 2 edge detection.
QEIEN DISIDX ICEN2 INPUT CAPTURE 2 EDGE DETECTION
0 1 1
X(don't care) 0 1
0 1 0 1 X
Disabled. Enabled. Disabled. Enabled. Disabled,
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Figure 15-4: Timing diagram for Input Capture
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Figure 15-5: Program flow for measurement with IC0 between pulses with falling edge detection (ACC is incremented in interrupt service routine).
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Figure 15-6: Program flow for measurement with IC0 between pulses with rising edge detection (ACC is incremented in interrupt service routine).
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Figure 15-7: Program flow for measurement with IC0 pulse width with rising and falling edge detection (ACC is incremented in interrupt service routine).
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Figure 15-8: Compare/Reload Function
Figure 15-9: Input Capture 0 Triggers
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15.1.1 Compare Mode
Timer 3 can be configured for compare mode. The compare mode is enabled by setting the CMP/RL3 bit to 1 in the T3CON register. RCAP3 will serves as a compare register. As Timer 3 counting up, upon matching with RCAP3 value, TF3 will be set (which will generate an interrupt request if enable Timer 3 interrupt ET3 is enabled) and the timer reload from 0 and starts counting again.
15.1.2 Reload Mode Timer 3 can be also be configured for reload mode. The reload mode is enabled by clearing the CMP/RL3 bit to 0 in the T3CON register. In this mode, RCAP serves as a reload register. When timer 3 overflows, a reload is generated that causes the contents of the RCAP3L and RCAP3H registers to be reloaded into the TL3 and TH3 registers, if ENLD is set. TF3 flag is set, and interrupt request is generated if enable Timer 3 interrupt ET3 is enabled. However, if ENLD = 0, timer 3 will be reload with 0, and count up again. Alternatively, other reload source is also possible by the input capture pins by configuring the CCLD [1:0] bit. If the ICENx bit is set, then a trigger of external IC0, IC1 or IC2 pin (respectively) will also cause a reload. This action also sets the CPTF0, CPTF1 or CPTF2 flag bit in SFR CAPCON1, respectively.
15.2 Quadrature Encoder Interface (QEI)
The Quadrature Encoder Interface (QEI) decodes speed of rotation and motion sensor information. It can be used in any application that uses quadrature encoder for feedback. The QEI block supports the features as below: Two QEI phase inputs: QEA and QEB. 16-bit Up/Down Pulse Counter (PLSCNT) with 16-bit read access latched buffer (PCNT). Four pulse counter update modes:
- Mode0: x4 free-counting mode. - Mode1: x2 free-counting mode. - Mode2: x4 compare-counting mode. - Mode3: x2 compare-counting mode. Three interrupt sources:
- Pulse counter interrupt (CPTF0/QEIF). - Direction index of motion detection with direction interrupt (CPTF1/DIRF). - Input Capture 2 interrupt (CPTF2). The three 16-bit SFRs in QEI share the same addresses with the capture counter registers.
INPUT CAPTURE MODE QEI MODE
Capture0 Counter Register (CCH0, CCL0) Capture1 Counter Register (CCH1, CCL1) Capture2 Counter Register (CCH2, CCL2)
Pulse Read Counter Register (PCNTH, PCNTL) Pulse Counter Register (PLSCNTH, PLSCNTL) Maximum Counter Register (MAXCNTH, MAXCNTL)
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In QEI mode, IC1 and IC0 work as QEB and QEA inputs respectively. QEA and QEB accept the outputs from a quadrature encoded source, such as incremental optical shaft encoder. Two channels, A and B, nominally 90 degrees out of phase, are required.
PCNT/ Capture 0 register Mode Select bits
Direction Clock
Read access to low byte of PCNT PLSCNT/ Capture 1 register Compare/Reload Control Logic MAXCNT/ Capture 2 register
IC0/QEA
Noise Filter
IC1/QEB
Noise Filter
QEI Control Logic
IC2
Noise Filter
Figure 15-10: QEI Block Diagram
The QEI control logic detects the relation of phase lead/lag between QEA and QEB to produce direction index (DIR) and clock to control pulse counter. The comparator/reload logic compares the pulse counter and maximum count and control the function of reloading pulse counter in comparecounting mode. In Free-counting mode, the pulse counter will counts until the 65535 value. In Compare-counting mode, the pulse counter will count to MAXCNT value. The value of the pulse counter is not affected during QEI mode changes, nor when the QEI is disabled altogether. In QEI mode, when IC2 edge (rising/falling edge is programmable through CAPCON0) has been detected, CPTF2 will be set (if QEIEN=ICEN2=1 and DISIDX=0), and the only way to clear it is by software.
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CHA*/CHB* - QEA/B after going through noise filter. See Figure 15-10.
Figure 15-11: QEA/QEB/IC2 timing requirement.
15.2.1 Free-counting mode Pulse counter up or down counts according to direction index (DIR). When overflow or underflow occurs, it sets flag QEIF. 15.2.2 Compare-counting mode Pulse counter up or down counts according to direction index (DIR). On up counting, QEIF will be asserted when PLSCNT overflows from MAXCNT to zero on the next QEA edge for x2 counting mode, and on QEA/QEB edge for x4 counting mode. On down counting, QEIF will be asserted when PLSCNT underflows from zero to MAXCNT on the next QEA edge for x2 counting mode, and on QEA/QEB edge for x4 counting mode. This mode provides the position of a rotor to user. If a quadrature encoder output 1024 pulses to QEA per round, user can write MAXCNT with 4095 in x4 mode or 2047 in x2 mode and reset PLSCNT at initial before rotor runs. When the PLSCNT reaches MAXCNT, it means rotor runs one round on next QEA edge. 15.2.3 X2/X4 Counting modes In X2 counting mode, the pulse counter increases or decreases one on every QEA edge based on the phase relationship of QEA and QEB signals, however:In X4 counting mode, the pulse counter increases or decreases one on every QEA and QEB edge based on the phase relationship of QEA and QEB signals. 15.2.4 Direction of Count If QEA lead QEB, the pulse counter is increased by 1. If QEA lags QEB, the pulse counter is decreased by 1. The QEI control logic generates a signal that sets the DIR bit (QEICON.3); this in turn determines the direction of the count. When QEA leads QEB, DIR is set (= 1), and the position counter increments on every active edge. When QEA lags QEB, DIR is cleared, and the position counter decrements on every active edge. Refer to below table.
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CURRENT SIGNAL DETECTED
PREVIOUS SIGNAL DETECTED RISING QEA QEB QEA FALLING QEB
COUNTING CONTROL (DIR)
QEA rising QEA falling QEB rising QEB falling
Table 15-1: Direction of count
INC (1) DEC (0) DEC (0) INC (1) INC (1) DEC (0) INC (1) DEC (0)
Figure 15-12: X4 Counting Mode
QEI x4 Counting mode provides for a finer resolution of the rotor position, since the counter increments or decrements more frequently for each QEA/QEB input pulse pair than in QEI x2 mode. This mode is selected by setting the QEI Mode Select bits to `00b' or `10b'. In this mode, the QEI logic detects every edge on every QEA and QEB input edges.
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Figure 15-13: X2 Counting Mode
QEI x2 Counting mode is selected by setting the QEI Mode Select bits (QEIM1:QEIM0) to `01b' or `11b'. In this mode, the QEI logic detects every edge on the QEA input only. Every rising and falling edge on the QEA signal clocks the pulse counter.
15.2.5 Up-Counting Under the forward direction the DIR bit is 1 when up-counting. Software needs to clear the QEIF flag. For the free-counting mode counter will counts until it matches 65535 and next edges on the forward direction will set the QEIF high and reset the PLSCNT to zero. For compare-counting mode counter counts until the MAXCNT value and reload the counter to zero and starts counting up. Changes of direction trigger a down-count and PLSCNT decreasing in counter value. For X2 mode, only CHA edge will set QEIF while for X4 mode both CHA and CHB edges will set QEIF. 15.2.6 Down-Counting A change of direction will causes the counter to down-count for x2/x4 counting mode. It is indicated with the DIR bit as 0 and DIRF flag is set to 1. At this stage the PLSCNT will starts to down-count from the MAXCNT value for compare-counting mode and while in free-counting mode it will starts to down-count from 65535. The pulse counter will reload with MAXCNT when it down counts to zero in compare-counting mode and sets QEIF to high in the next edge. In free-counting mode the counter will count to 16 bits value before it reload the pulse counter with the value 65535 and set the QEIF high in the next edge. For X2 mode, only CHA edge will set QEIF while for X4 mode both CHA and CHB edges will set QEIF.
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16. SERIAL PORT
The W79E217 has two enhanced serial ports that are functionally similar to the serial port of the original 8052 family. Both the serial ports are full-duplex ports, and the W79E217 provides additional features, such as Frame Error Detection and Automatic Address Recognition. The serial ports are capable of synchronous and asynchronous communication. In synchronous mode, the W79E217 generates the clock and operates in half-duplex mode. In asynchronous mode, the serial ports can simultaneously transmit and receive data. The transmit registers and the receive buffers are both addressed as SBUF (SBUF1 for the second serial port), but any write to SBUF/SBUF1 writes to the transmit register while any read from SBUF/SBUF1 reads from the receive buffer. Both serial ports can operate in four modes, as described below. The descriptions are for serial port 0, however, it also apply to the second serial port.
16.1 Mode 0
This mode provides half-duplex, synchronous communication with external devices. In this mode, serial data is transmitted and received on the RXD line, and the W79E217 provides the shift clock on TxD, whether the device is transmitting or receiving. Eight bits are transmitted or received per frame, LSB first. The baud rate is 1/12 or 1/4 of the oscillator frequency, as determined by the SM2 bit (SCON.5; 0 = 1/12; 1 = 1/4). This programmable baud rate is the only difference between the standard 8051/52 and the W79E217 in mode 0. Any write to SBUF starts transmission. The shift clock is activated, and data is shifted out on RxD until all eight bits are transmitted. If SM2 is 1, the data appears on RxD one clock period before the falling edge of the shift clock on TxD. Then, the clock remains low for two clock periods before going high again. If SM2 is 0, the data appears on RxD three clock periods before the falling edge of the shift clock on TxD, and the clock on TxD remains low for six clock periods before going high again. This ensures that, at the receiving end, the data on the RxD line can be clocked on the rising edge of the shift clock or latched when the clock is low. The TI flag is set high in C1 following the end of transmission. The functional block diagram is shown below.
Write to SBUF Internal Data Bus
Transmit Shift Register
PARIN LOAD CLOCK SOUT RXD P3.0 Alternate Output Function
Fosc 1/12
SM2 0
1/4
1
TX START TX CLOCK
TX SHIFT TI
Serial Interrupt
RX CLOCK
RI SHIFT CLOCK LOAD SBUF RX SHIFT CLOCK SIN
RI REN
TXD P3.1 Alternate Output Function
TX START
Serial Controllor
RXD P3.0 Alternate Input Function
Read SBUF PAROUT
SBUF
Internal Data Bus
Receive Shift Register
Figure 16-1 Serial Port Mode 0
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The serial port receives data when REN is 1 and RI is zero. The shift clock (TxD) is activated, and the serial port latches data on the rising edge of the shift clock. The external device should, therefore, present data on the falling edge of the shift clock. This process continues until all eight bits have been received. The RI flag is set in C1 following the last rising edge of the shift clock, which stops reception until RI is cleared by the software.
16.2 Mode 1
In Mode 1, full-duplex asynchronous communication is used. Frames consist of ten bits transmitted on TXD and received on RXD. The ten bits consist of a start bit (0), eight data bits (LSB first), and a stop bit (1). When receiving, the stop bit goes into RB8 in SCON. The baud rate in this mode is 1/16 or 1/32 of the Timer 1 overflow, and since Timer 1 can be set to a wide range of values, a wide variation of baud rates is possible. Transmission begins with a write to SBUF but is synchronized with the divide-by-16 counter, not the write to SBUF. The start bit is put on TxD at C1 following the first roll-over of the divide-by-16 counter, and the next bit is placed at C1 following the next rollover. After all eight bits are transmitted, the stop bit is transmitted. The TI flag is set in the next C1 state, or the tenth rollover of the divide-by-16 counter after the write to SBUF. Reception is enabled when REN is high, and the serial port starts receiving data when it detects a falling edge on RxD. The falling-edge detector monitors the RxD line at 16 times the selected baud rate. When a falling edge is detected, the divide-by-16 counter is reset to align the bit boundaries with the rollovers of the counter. The 16 states of the counter divide the bit time into 16 slices. Bit detection is done on a best-of-three basis using samples at the 8th, 9th and 10th counter states. If the first bit after the falling edge is not 0, the start bit is invalid, reception is aborted immediately, and the serial port resumes looking for a falling edge on RxD. If a valid start bit is detected, the rest of the bits are shifted into SBUF. After shifting in eight data bits, the stop bit is received. Then, if; 1. RI is 0, and 2. SM2 is 0 or the received stop bit is 1, the stop bit goes into RB8, the eight data bits go into SBUF, and RI is set. Otherwise, the received frame is lost. In the middle of the stop bit, the receiver resumes looking for a falling edge on RxD.
Timer 1 Overflow Timer 2 Overflow Write to SBUF 1 0 0 1 1 TX START TX SHIFT
Transmit Shift Register
Internal Data Bus 1 0 STOP PARIN START LOAD CLOCK SOUT TXD
1/2
SMOD 0
TCLK RCLK
1/16 1/16
TX CLOCK
Serial Controllor
RX CLOCK
TI
Serial Interrupt
SAMPLE
RI LOAD SBUF RX SHIFT CLOCK PAROUT Read SBUF
1-To-0 DETECTOR
TX START
SBUF RB8
RXD
BIT DETECTOR
Internal Data Bus
SIN
D8
Receive Shift Register
Figure 16-2 Serial Port Mode 1
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16.3 Mode 2
In Mode 2, full-duplex asynchronous communication is used. Frames consist of eleven bits: one start bit (0), eight data bits (LSB first), a programmable ninth bit (TB8) and a stop bit (0). When receiving, the ninth bit is put into RB8. The baud rate is 1/16 or 1/32 of the oscillator frequency, as determined by SMOD in PCON. Transmission begins with a write to SBUF but is synchronized with the divide-by-16 counter, not the write to SBUF. The start bit is put on TxD pin at C1 following the first roll-over of the divide-by-16 counter, and the next bit is placed on TxD at C1 following the next rollover. After all nine bits of data are transmitted, the stop bit is transmitted. The TI flag is set in the next C1 state, or the 11th rollover of the divide-by-16 counter after the write to SBUF. Reception is enabled when REN is high, and the serial port starts receiving data when it detects a falling edge on RxD. The falling-edge detector monitors the RxD line at 16 times the selected baud rate. When a falling edge is detected, the divide-by-16 counter is reset to align the bit boundaries with the rollovers of the counter. The 16 states of the counter divide the bit time into 16 slices. Bit detection is done on a best-of-three basis using samples at the 8th, 9th and 10th counter states. If the first bit after the falling edge is not 0, the start bit is invalid, reception is aborted, and the serial port resumes looking for a falling edge on RxD. If a valid start bit is detected, the rest of the bits are shifted into SBUF. After shifting in nine data bits, the stop bit is received. Then, if; 1. RI is 0, and 2. SM2 is 0 or the received stop bit is 1, the stop bit goes into RB8, the eight data bits go into SBUF, and RI is set. Otherwise, the received frame may be lost. In the middle of the stop bit, the receiver resumes looking for a falling edge on RxD. The functional description is shown in the figure below.
Transmit Shift Register
Fosc/2 Write to SBUF 1 TB8 Internal Data Bus 0 STOP D8 PARIN START LOAD CLOCK SMOD 0 1 TX START TX SHIFT SOUT TXD
1/2
1/16 1/16
TX CLOCK
Serial Controllor
RX CLOCK
TI
Serial Interrupt
SAMPLE
RI LOAD SBUF RX SHIFT CLOCK PAROUT Read SBUF
1-To-0 DETECTOR
TX START
SBUF RB8
RXD
BIT DETECTOR
Internal Data Bus
SIN
D8
Receive Shift Register
Figure 16-3: Serial Port Mode 2
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16.4 Mode 3
This mode is the same as Mode 2, except that the baud rate is programmable. The program must select the mode and baud rate in SCON before any communication can take place. Timer 1 should be initialized if Mode 1 or Mode 3 will be used.
Figure 16-4: Serial Port Mode 3
SM0
SM1
MODE
TYPE
BAUD CLOCK
FRAME SIZE
START BIT
STOP BIT
9TH BIT FUNCTION
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
0 1 2 3
Synch. Asynch. Asynch. Asynch.
4 or 12 OSC Timer 1 or 2 32 or 64 OSC Timer 1 or 2
8 bits 10 bits 11 bits 11 bits
No 1 1 1
No 1 1 1
None None 0, 1 0, 1
Table 16-1: Serial Ports Modes
16.5 Framing Error Detection
A frame error occurs when a valid stop bit is not detected. This could indicate incorrect serial data communication. Typically, a frame error is due to noise or contention on the serial communication line. The W79E217 has the ability to detect framing errors and set a flag that can be checked by software. The frame error FE (FE_1) bit is located in SCON.7. This bit is SM0 in the standard 8051/52 family, but, in the W79E217, it serves a dual function and is called SM0/FE. There are actually two separate flags, SM0 and FE. The flag that is actually accessed as SCON.7 is determined by SMOD0 (PCON.6). When SMOD0 is set to 1, the FE flag is accessed. When SMOD0 is set to 0, the SM0 flag is accessed.
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The FE bit is set to 1 by the hardware, but it must be cleared by the software. Once FE is set, any frames received afterwards, even those without errors, do not clear the FE flag. The flag has to be cleared by the software. Note that SMOD0 must be set to 1 while reading or writing FE.
16.6 Multiprocessor Communications
Multiprocessor communication is available in modes 1, 2 and 3 and makes use of the 9th data bit and the automatic address recognition feature. This approach eliminates the software overhead required to check every received address and greatly simplifies the program. In modes 2 and 3, address bytes are distinguished from data bytes by 9th bit set, which is set high in address bytes. When the master processor wants to transmit a block of data to one of the slaves, it first sends the address of the target slave(s). The slave processors have already set their SM2 bits high so that they are only interrupted by an address byte. The automatic address recognition feature then ensures that only the addressed slave is actually interrupted. This feature compares the received byte to the slave's Given or Broadcast address and only sets the RI flag if the bytes match. This slave then clears the SM2 bit, clearing the way to receive the data bytes. The unaddressed slaves are not affected, as they are still waiting for their address. In mode 1, the 9th bit is the stop bit, which is 1 in valid frames. Therefore, if SM2 is 1, RI is only set if a valid frame is received and if the received byte matches the Given or Broadcast address. The master processor can selectively communicate with groups of slaves using the Given Address or all the slaves can be addressed together using the Broadcast Address. The addresses for each slave are defined by the SADDR and SADEN registers. The slave address is the 8-bit value specified in SADDR. SADEN is a mask for the value in SADDR. If a bit position in SADEN is 0, then the corresponding bit position in SADDR is a don't-care condition in the address comparison. Only those bit positions in SADDR whose corresponding bits in SADEN are 1 are used to obtain the Given Address. This provides flexibility to address multiple slaves without changing addresses in SADDR. The following example shows how to setup the Given Addresses to address different slaves. Slave 1: SADDR 1010 0100 SADEN 1111 1010 Given 1010 0x0x Slave 2: SADDR 1010 0111 SADEN 1111 1001 Given 1010 0xx1 The Given Address for slaves 1 and 2 differ in the LSB. In slave 1, it is a don't-care, while, in slave 2, it is 1. Thus, to communicate with only slave 1, the master must send an address with LSB = 0 (1010 0000). Similarly, bit 1 is 0 for slave 1 and don't-care for slave 2. Hence, to communicate only with slave 2, the master has to transmit an address with bit 1 = 1 (1010 0011). If the master wishes to communicate with both slaves simultaneously, then the address must have bit 0 = 1 and bit 1 = 0. Since bit 3 is don't-care for both slaves, two different addresses can address both slaves (1010 0001 and 1010 0101). The master can communicate with all the slaves simultaneously using the Broadcast Address. The Broadcast Address is formed from the logical OR of the SADDR and SADEN registers. The zeros in the result are don't-care values. In most cases, the Broadcast Address is FFh. In the previous case, the Broadcast Address is (1111111X) for slave 1 and (11111111) for slave 2. The SADDR and SADEN registers are located at addresses A9h and B9h, respectively. These two registers default to 00h, so the Given Address and Broadcast Address default to XXXX XXXX (i.e., all bits don't-care), which effectively removes the multiprocessor communications feature
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17. I2C SERIAL PORTS
The I2C bus uses two wires (SCL and SDA) to transfer information between devices connected to the bus. The main features of the I2C bus are: - Bi-directional data transfer between masters and slaves. - Multi-master bus (no central master). - Arbitration between simultaneously transmitting masters without corruption of serial data on the bus. - Serial clock synchronization allows devices with different bit rates to communicate via one serial bus. - Serial clock synchronization can be used as a handshake mechanism to suspend and resume serial transfer. - The I2C bus may be used for test and diagnostic purposes.
STOP START Repeated START STOP
SDA
tBUF tLOW tr tHIGH tHD;DAT tSU;DAT tf
SCL
tHD;STA
tSU;STA
tSU;STO
Figure 17-1: I2C Bus Timing
The device's on-chip I2C logic provides the serial interface that meets the I2C bus standard mode specification. The I2C logic handles bytes transfer autonomously. It also keeps track of serial transfers, and a status register (I2STATUS) reflects the status of the I2C bus. The I2C port, SCL and SDA are at P2.6 and P2.7. When the I/O pins are used as I2C port, user must set the pins to logic high in advance. When I2C port is enabled by setting ENS to high, the internal states will be controlled by I2CON and I2C logic hardware. Once a new status code is generated and stored in I2STATUS, the I2C interrupt flag (SI) will be set automatically. If both EA and EI2C are also in logic high, the I2C interrupt is requested. The 5 most significant bits of I2STATUS stores the internal state code, the lowest 3 bits are always zero and the content keeps stable until SI is cleared by software.
17.1 SIO Port
The SIO port is a serial I/O port, which supports all transfer modes from and to the I2C bus. The SIO port handles byte transfers autonomously. To enable this port, the bit ENS1 in I2CON should be set to '1'. The CPU interfaces to the SIO port through the seven special function registers. The detail description of these registers can be found in the I2C Control registers section. The SIO H/W interfaces to the I2C bus via two pins: SDA (P2.7, serial data line) and SCL (P2.6, serial clock line). Pull up resistor is needed for Pin P2.6 and P2.7 for I2C operation as these are 2 open drain pins.
17.2 The I2C Control Registers
The I2C has 1 control register (I2CON) to control the transmit/receive flow, 1 data register (I2DAT) to buffer the Tx/Rx data, 1 status register (I2STATUS) to catch the state of Tx/Rx, recognizable slave address register for slave mode use and 1 clock rate control block for master mode to generate the variable baud rate.
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SYMBOL
I2TIMER I2CLK
DEFINITION
I2C Timer Counter Register I2C Clock Rate
ADDRESS
EFH EEH EDH ECH EAH E9H F6H -
MSB
-
BIT_ADDRESS, SYMBOL
ENTI
LSB
DIV4 TIF
RESET
xxxx x000B 0000 0000B 1111 1000B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B x000 000xB
I2CLK.7 I2CLK.6 I2CLK.5 I2CLK.4 I2CLK.3 I2CLK.2 I2CLK.1 I2CLK.0 I2STAT US.7 I2STAT US.6 I2STAT US.5 I2STAT US.4 I2STAT US.3 -
I2STATUS I2C Status Register I2DAT I2ADDR I2CON I2C Data I2C Slave Address I2C Control Register
I2DAT.7 I2DAT.6 I2DAT.5 I2DAT.4 I2DAT.3 I2DAT.2 I2DAT.1 I2DAT.0 ADDR.7 ADDR.6 ADDR.5 ADDR.4 ADDR.3 ADDR.2 ADDR.1 GC ENS STA STO SI AA I2CIN -
I2C Maskable Slave I2CSADEN Address
I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD I2CSAD 1111 EN.7 EN.6 EN.5 EN.4 EN.3 EN.2 EN.1 EN.0 1110B
Table 17-1: Control Registers of I2C Ports
17.2.1 Slave Address Registers, I2ADDR I2C port is equipped with one slave address register. The contents of the register are irrelevant when I2C is in master mode. In the slave mode, the seven most significant bits must be loaded with the MCU's own slave address. The I2C hardware will react if the contents of I2ADDR are matched with the received slave address. The I2C ports support the "General Call" function. If the GC bit is set the I2C port1 hardware will respond to General Call address (00H). Clear GC bit to disable general call function. When GC bit is set, the device is in slave mode which can receive the General Call address(00H) sent by Master on the I2C bus. This special slave mode is referred to as GC mode. 17.2.2 Data Register, I2DAT This register contains a byte of serial data to be transmitted or a byte which has just been received. The CPU can read from or write to this 8-bit directly addressable SFR while it is not in the process of shifting a byte. Data in I2DAT remains stable as long as SI is set. The MSB is shifted out first.While data is being shifted out, data on the bus is simultaneously being shifted in; I2DAT always contains the last data byte present on the bus. Thus, in the event of arbitration lost, the transition from master transmitter to slave receiver is made with the correct data in I2DAT. I2DAT and the acknowledge bit form a 9-bit shift register which shifts in or out an 8-bit byte, followed by an acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is controlled by the hardware and cannot be accessed by the CPU. Serial data is shifted into I2DAT on the rising edges of serial clock pulses on the SCL line. When a byte has been shifted into I2DAT, the serial data is available in I2DAT, and the acknowledge bit (ACK or NACK) is returned by the control logic during the ninth clock pulse. Serial data is shifted out from I2DAT on the falling edges of SCL clock pulses, and is shifted into I2DAT on the rising edges of SCL clock pulses.
I2C Data Register:
I2DAT.7 I2DAT.6 I2DAT.5 I2DAT.4 I2DAT.3 I2DAT.2 I2DAT.1 I2DAT.0 shifting direction
Figure 17-2: I2C Data Shift
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17.2.3 Control Register, I2CON The CPU can read from and write to this 8-bit, directly addressable SFR. Two bits are affected by hardware: the SI bit is set when the I2C hardware requests a serial interrupt, and the STO bit is cleared when a STOP condition is present on the bus. The STO bit is also cleared when ENS = "0". ENS I2C serial function block enable bit. When ENS=1 the I2C serial function enables. The port latches of SDA1 and SCL1 must be set to logic high. STA I2C START Flag. Setting STA to logic 1 to enter master mode, the I2C hardware sends a START or repeat START condition to bus when the bus is free. STO I2C STOP Flag. In master mode, setting STO to transmit a STOP condition to bus then I2C hardware will check the bus condition if a STOP condition is detected this flag will be cleared by hardware automatically. In a slave mode, setting STO resets I2C hardware to the "not addressed slave mode". SI I2C Port 1 Interrupt Flag. When a new SIO state is present in the S1STA register, the SI flag is set by hardware, and if the EA and EI2C1 bits are both set, the I2C1 interrupt is requested. SI must be cleared by software. AA Assert Acknowledge control bit. When AA=1 prior to address or data received, an acknowledged (low level to SDA) will be returned during the acknowledge clock pulse on the SCL line when; 1.) A slave is acknowledging the address sent from master, 2.) The receiver devices are acknowledging the data sent by transmitter. When AA=0 prior to address or data received, a not acknowledged (high level to SDA) will be returned during the acknowledge clock pulse on the SCL line. I2CIN By default it is zero and input are allows to come in through SDA pin. As when it is 1 input is disallow and to prevent leakage current. During Power-Down mode input is disallow. 17.2.4 Status Register, I2STATUS I2STATUS is an 8-bit read-only register. The three least significant bits are always 0. The five most significant bits contain the status code. There are 23 possible status codes. When I2STATUS contains F8H, no serial interrupt is requested. All other I2STATUS values correspond to defined I2C ports states. When each of these states is entered, a status interrupt is requested (SI = 1). A valid status code is present in I2STATUS one machine cycle after SI is set by hardware and is still present one machine cycle after SI has been reset by software. In addition, state 00H stands for a Bus Error. A Bus Error occurs when a START or STOP condition is present at an illegal position in the format frame. Examples of illegal positions are during the serial transfer of an address byte, a data byte or an acknowledge bit. 17.2.5 I2C Clock Baud Rate Control, I2CLK The data baud rate of I2C is determines by I2CLK register when I2C port is in a master mode. It is not important when I2C port is in a slave mode. In the slave modes, SIO will automatically synchronize with any clock frequency up to 400 KHz from master I2C device. The data baud rate of I2C setting conforms to the following equation. Data Baud Rate of I2C = FCPU / (I2CLK + 1), where FCPU = FOSC/4. For example, if FOSC=16MHz, the I2CLK=40(28H), the data baud rate of I2C = (16MHz/4)/(40+1) = 97.56K bits/sec. 17.2.6 I2C Time-out Counter, I2Timer In W79E217, the I2C logic block provides a 14-bit timer-out counter that helps user to deal with bus pending problem. When SI is cleared user can set ENTI=1 to start the time-out counter. If I2C bus is
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pended too long to get any valid signal from devices on bus, the time-out counter overflows cause TIF=1 to request an I2C interrupt. The I2C interrupt is requested in the condition of either SI=1 or TIF=1. Flags SI and TIF must be cleared by software.
17.2.7 I2C Maskable Slave Address This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the I2C. When a bit in the I2CSADEN is set to 1, the same bit location in I2CSADDR1 will be compared with the incoming serial port data. When I2CSADEN.n is 0, then the bit becomes a don't-care in the comparison. This register enables the Automatic Address Recognition feature of the I2C. When all the bits of I2CSADEN are 0, interrupt will occur for any incoming address.
Fosc
0
Enable
1/4 DIV4 ENS1 ENTI
1
14-bits Counter
Clear Counter
TIF
To I2C Interrupt
SI
SI
Figure 17-3: I2C Time-out Block Diagram
17.3 Modes of Operation
The on-chip I2C ports support five operation modes, Master transmitter, Master receiver, Slave transmitter, Slave receiver, and GC call. In a given application, I2C port may operate as a master or as a slave. In the slave mode, the I2C port hardware looks for its own slave address and the general call address. If one of these addresses is detected, and if the slave is willing to receive or transmit data from/to master(by setting the AA bit), acknowledge pulse will be transmitted out on the 9th clock, hence an interrupt is requested on both master and slave devices if interrupt is enabled. When the microcontroller wishes to become the bus master, the hardware waits until the bus is free before the master mode is entered so that a possible slave action is not interrupted. If bus arbitration is lost in the master mode, I2C port switches to the slave mode immediately and can detect its own slave address in the same serial transfer.
17.3.1 Master Transmitter Mode Serial data output through SDA while SCL outputs the serial clock. The first byte transmitted contains the slave address of the receiving device (7 bits) and the data direction bit. In this case the data direction bit (R/W) will be logic 0, and we say that a "W" is transmitted. Thus the first byte transmitted is SLA+W. Serial data is transmitted 8 bits at a time. After each byte is transmitted, an acknowledge bit is received. START and STOP conditions are output to indicate the beginning and the end of a serial transfer.
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17.3.2 Master Receiver Mode In this case the data direction bit (R/W) will be logic 1, and we say that an "R" is transmitted. Thus the first byte transmitted is SLA+R. Serial data is received via SDA while SCL outputs the serial clock. Serial data is received 8 bits at a time. After each byte is received, an acknowledge bit is transmitted. START and STOP conditions are output to indicate the beginning and end of a serial transfer. 17.3.3 Slave Receiver Mode Serial data and the serial clock are received through SDA and SCL. After each byte is received, an acknowledge bit is transmitted. START and STOP conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer. Address recognition is performed by hardware after reception of the slave address and direction bit. 17.3.4 Slave Transmitter Mode The first byte is received and handled as in the slave receiver mode. However, in this mode, the direction bit will indicate that the transfer direction is reversed. Serial data is transmitted via SDA while the serial clock is input through SCL. START and STOP conditions are recognized as the beginning and end of a serial transfer.
17.4 Data Transfer Flow in Five Operating Modes
The five operating modes are: Master/Transmitter, Master/Receiver, Slave/Transmitter, Slave/Receiver and GC Call. Bits STA, STO and AA in I2CON register will determine the next state of the SIO hardware after SI flag is cleared. Upon complexion of the new action, a new status code will be updated and the SI flag will be set. If the I2C interrupt control bits (EA and EI2) are enabled, appropriate action or software branch of the new status code can be performed in the Interrupt service routine. Data transfers in each mode are shown in the following figures.
Figure 17-4: Legend for I2C flow charts
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17.4.1 Master/Transmitter Mode
Figure 17-5: Master Transmitter Mode
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17.4.2 Master/Receiver Mode
Figure 17-6: Master Receiver Mode
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17.4.3 Slave/Transmitter Mode
Figure 17-7: Slave Transmitter Mode
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17.4.4 Slave/Receiver Mode
Figure 17-8: Slave Receiver Mode
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17.4.5 GC Mode
Figure 17-9: General Call Address
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18. SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE (SPI) 18.1 General descriptions
This device consists of SPI block to support high speed serial communication. It's capable of supporting data transfer rates 1Mbit/s. This device's SPI support the following features; * Master and slave mode. * Slave select output. * Programmable serial clock's polarity and phase. * Receive double buffered data register. * LSB first enable. * Write collision detection. * Transfer complete interrupt.
18.2 Block descriptions
The Figure 18-1 shows SPI block diagram. It provides an overview of SPI architecture in this device. The main blocks of SPI are the register blocks, control logics, baud rate control and pin control logics; a. Shift register and read data buffer. It is single buffered in the transmit direction and double buffered in the receive direction. Transmit data cannot be written to the shifter until the previous transfer is complete. Receive logics consist of parallel read data buffer so the shifter is free to accept a second data, as the first received data will be transferred to the read data buffer. b. SPI Control block. This provide control functions to configure the device for SPI enable, master or slave, clock phase and polarity, LSB access first selection, and Slave Select output enable. c. Baud rate control. These control logics divide CPU clock to 4 different selectable clocks 1/8 (reserved), 1/32, 1/128 and 1/256. Its' selection is controllable through SPR [1:0] bits.
SPR1 SPR0 DIVIDER BAUD RATE
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
8 32 128 256
Reserved 1.03MHz 257.81KHz 128.91KHz
Table 18-1: SPI Baud Rate Selection (FOSC @ 33MHz)
d. SPI registers. There are three SPI registers to support its operations, they are; * SPI control registers (SPCR) * SPI status registers (SPSR) * SPI data register (SPDR) These registers provide control, status, data storage functions and baud rate selection control. Detail bits descriptions are found at SFR section. When using SPI pull-up must be apply at bit PUP0 = 1. e. Pin control logic. Controls behavior of SPI interface pins.
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Figure 18-1: SPI block diagram
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18.3 Functional descriptions
18.3.1 Master mode The device can configure the SPI to operate as a master or as a slave, through MSTR bit. When the MSTR bit is set, master mode is selected, when MSTR bit is cleared, slave mode is selected. During master mode, only master SPI device can initiate transmission. A transmission begins by writing to the master SPDR register. The bytes begin shifting out on MOSI pin under the control of SPCLK. The master places data on MOSI line a half-cycle before SPCLK edge that the slave device uses to latch the data bit. The SS must stay low before data transactions and stay low for the duration of the transactions.
Figure 18-2: Master Mode Transmission (CPOL = 0, CPHA = 0)
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SPCLK Cycles
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
SPCLK (Output, CPOL=1)
MOSI/MISO
2
MSB
6
5
4
3
2
1
LSB
/SS (output to slave)
1
4
SPIF Master transfer in progress
3
Master writes to SPDR: 1. /SS asserted. 2. During master transmit, data is shifting out through MOSI. During master receive, data is shifting in through MISO. 3. SPIF asserted at the end of transmission. 4. /SS negated. Note: When CPHA = 0, /SS output must go high between successive SPI characters. When CPOL = 1, SPCLK idle high.
Figure 18-3: Master Mode Transmission (CPOL = 1, CPHA = 0)
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Figure 18-4: Master Mode Transmission (CPOL = 0, CPHA = 1)
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Figure 18-5: Master Mode Transmission (CPOL = 1, CPHA = 1)
18.3.2 Slave Mode When in slave mode, the SPCLK pin becomes input and it will be clock by another master SPI device. The SS pin also becomes input. Similarly, before data transmissions occurs, and remain low until the transmission completed. If SS goes high, the SPI is forced into idle state. If the SS is forced to high at the middle of transmission, the transmission will be aborted and the receiving shifter buffer will be high and goes into idle states. Data flows from master to slave on MOSI pin and flows from slave to master on MISO pin. The SPDR is used when transmitting or receiving data on the serial bus. Only a write to this register initiates transmission or reception of a byte, and this only occurs in the master device. At the completion of transferring a byte of data, the SPIF status bit is set in both the master and slave devices. A read of the SPDR is actually a read of a buffer. To prevent an overrun and the loss of the byte that caused the overrun, the first SPIF must be cleared by the time a second transfer of data from the shift register to the read buffer is initiated.
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Figure 18-6: Slave Mode Transmission (CPOL = 0, CPHA = 0)
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Figure 18-7: Slave Mode Transmission (CPOL = 1, CPHA = 0)
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Figure 18-8: Slave Mode Transmission (CPOL = 0, CPHA = 1)
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Figure 18-9: Slave Mode Transmission (CPOL = 1, CPHA = 1)
18.3.3 Slave select
The slave select ( SS ) input of a slave device must be externally asserted before a master device can exchange data with the slave device. SS must be low before data transactions and must stay low for the duration of the transaction. The SS line of the master must be held high. The other three lines are dedicated to the SPI whenever the serial peripheral interface is on. The state of the master and slave CPHA bits affects the operation of SS . CPHA settings should be identical for master and slave. When CPHA = 0, the shift clock is the OR of SS with SPCLK. In this clock phase mode, SS must go high between successive characters in an SPI message. When CPHA = 1, SS can be left low between successive SPI characters. In cases where there is only one SPI slave MCU, its SS line can be tied to VSS as long as only CPHA = 1 clock mode is used.
18.3.4 /SS output
Available in master mode only, SS output is enabled with the SSOE bit in the SPCR register and DRSS bit in the SPSR register. The SS output pin is connected to the SS input pin of the slave device. The SS output automatically goes low for each transmission when selecting external device and it goes high during each idling state to deselect external devices.
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DRSS
SSOE
MASTER MODE
SLAVE MODE
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
SS input ( With Mode Fault )
SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE ) SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE ) SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE ) SS Input ( Not affected by SSOE )
Reserved
SS General purpose I/O ( No Mode Fault ) SS output ( No Mode Fault )
During master mode (with SSOE=DRSS= 0), mode fault will be set if SS pin is detected low. When mode fault is detected hardware will clear MSTR bit and SPE bit in the meantime it will also generated interrupt request, if ESPI is enabled.
Figure 18-10: SPI interrupt request
18.3.5 SPI I/O pins mode When SPI is disabled (SPE = 0) the corresponding I/O is following the original setting and act as a normal I/O. In the case of SPI is enabled (SPE = 1) the SPI pins I/O mode follow the below table. For SS pin it is always at Quasi-bidirectional mode whether it is configured as master or slave.
MISO MOSI CLK /SS
Master Slave
Input Output** during /SS = Low Else Input mode
Output Input
Output Input
Output*: DRSS=0,SSOE=0 Input: DRSS=1, SSOE=1 Input
Input = Quasi-bidirectional mode Output = Push-pull mode
Output* = this output mode in /SS is Quasi-bidirectional output mode. Master needs to detect mode fault during master outputs /SS low. Output** = In SLAVE mode, MISO is in output mode only during the time of SS =Low, otherwise it must keep in input mode (Quasi-bidirectional).
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18.3.6 Programmable serial clock's phase and polarity The clock polarity CPOL control bit selects active high or active low SPCLK clock, and has no significant effect on the transfer format. The clock phase CPHA control bit selects one of two different transfer protocols by sampling data on odd numbered SPCLK edges or on even numbered SPCLK edges. Thus, both these bits enable selection of four possible clock formats to be used by SPI system. The clock phase and polarity should be identical for the master SPI device and the communicating slave device.
When CPHA equals 0, the SS line must be negated and reasserted between each successive serial byte. Also, if the slave writes data to the SPI data register (SPDR) while SS is low, a write collision error results. When CPHA equals 1, the SS line can remain low between successive transfers. The figures from Figure 18-2 to 18-9 show the SPI transfer format, with different CPOL and CPHA. When CPHA = 0, data is sample on the first edge of SPCLK and when CPHA = 1 data is sample on the second edge of the SPCLK. Prior to changing CPOL setting, SPE must be disabled first.
18.3.7 Receive double buffered data register This device is single buffered in the transmit direction and double buffered in the receive direction. This means that new data for transmission cannot be written to the shifter until the previous transfer is complete; however, received data is transferred into a parallel read data buffer so the shifter is free to accept a second serial byte.
As long as the first byte is read out of the read data buffer before the next byte is ready to be transferred, no overrun condition occurs. If overrun occur, SPIOVF is set. Second byte serial data cannot be transferred successfully into the data register during overrun condition and the data register will remains the value of the previous byte. The figure below shows the receive data timing waveform when overrun occur.
Figure 18-11: SPI Overrun Timing Waveform
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18.3.8 LSB first enable By default, this device transfer the SPI data most significant bit first. This device provides a control bit SPCR.LSBFE to allow support of transfer of SPI data in least significant bit first. 18.3.9 Write Collision detection Write collision indicates that an attempt was made to write data to the SPDR while a transfer was in progress. SPDR is not double buffered in the transmit direction, any writes to SPDR cause data to be written directly into the SPI shift register. This write corrupts any transfer in progress, a write collision error is generated (WCOL will be set). The transfer continues undisturbed, and the write data that caused the error is not written to the shifter. A write collision is normally a slave error because a slave has no control over when a master initiates a transfer. A master knows when a transfer is in progress, so there is no reason for a master to generate a write-collision error, although the SPI logic can detect write collisions in both master and slave devices. WCOL flag is clear by software. 18.3.10 Transfer complete interrupt This device consists of an interrupt flag at SPIF. This flag will be set upon completion of data transfer with external device, or when a new data have been received and copied to SPDR. If interrupt is enable (through ESPI), the SPI interrupt request will be generated, if global enable bit EA is also enabled. SPIF is software clear. 18.3.11 Mode Fault Error arises in a multiple-master system when more than one SPI device simultaneously tries to be a master. This error is called a mode fault. When the SPI system is configured as a master and the /SS input line goes to active low, a mode fault error has occurred -- usually because two devices have attempted to act as master at the same time. In cases where more than one device is concurrently configured as a master, there is a chance of contention between two pin drivers. For push-pull CMOS drivers, this contention can cause permanent damage. The mode fault mechanism attempts to protect the device by disabling the drivers. The MSTR and SPE control bits in the SPCR associated with the SPI are cleared by hardware and an interrupt is generated subject to masking by the ESPI control bit. Other precautions may need to be taken to prevent driver damage. If two devices are made masters at the same time, mode fault does not help protect either one unless one of them selects the other as slave. The amount of damage possible depends on the length of time both devices attempt to act as master.
MODF bit is set automatically by SPI hardware, if the MSTR control bit is set and the slave select input pin becomes 0. This condition is not permitted in normal operation. In the case where /SS is set, it is an output pin rather than being dedicated as the /SS input for the SPI system. In this special case, the mode fault function is inhibited and MODF remains cleared. This flag is cleared by software. The following shows the sample hardware connection and s/w flow for multi-master/slave environment. It shows how s/w handles mode fault.
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Figure 18-12: SPI multi-master slave environment
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Figure 18-13: SPI multi-master slave s/w flow diagram
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19. ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER
The ADC contains a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that converts the contents of a successive approximation register to a voltage (VDAC), which is compared to the analog input voltage (Vin). The output of the comparator is then fed back to the successive approximation control logic that controls the successive approximation register. This is illustrated in the figure below.
Figure 19-1: Successive Approximation ADC
19.1 Operation of ADC
A conversion can be initiated by software only or by either hardware or software. The software only start mode is selected when control bit ADCCON.5 (ADCEX) =0. A conversion is then started by setting control bit ADCCON.3 (ADCS) to 1. The hardware or software start mode is selected when ADCCON.5 =1, and a conversion may be started by setting ADCCON.3 = 1 as above or by applying a rising edge to external pin STADC (P4.0). When a conversion is started by applying a rising edge, a low level must be applied to STADC for at least one machine cycle followed by a high level for at least one machine cycle. User sets ADCS to start converting then ADCS remains high while ADC is converting signal and will be automatically cleared by hardware when ADC conversion is completed. The end of the 10-bit conversion is flagged by control bit ADCCON.4 (ADCI). The upper 8 bits of the result are held in special function register ADCH, and the two remaining bits are held in ADCL.1 (ADC.1) and ADCL.0 (ADC.0). The user may ignore the two least significant bits in ADCL and use the ADC as an 8-bit converter (8 upper bits in ADCH). In any event, the total actual conversion time is 50 ADC clock input cycles. Control bits from ADCCON.0 to ADCCON.2 are used to control an analog multiplexer which selects one of eight analog channels. An ADC conversion in progress is unaffected by an external or software ADC start. The result of a completed conversion remains unaffected provided ADCI = logic 1. The result of a completed conversion (ADCI = logic 1) remains unaffected when entering the idle mode. The device supports maximum 8 analog input ports. 8 analog input ports share the I/O pins from P1.0 to P1.7. These I/O pins are switched to analog input ports by setting the bits of ADC Input Pin Select Register (DDIO) to logic 1.
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Figure 19-2: ADC Block Diagram
19.2 ADC Resolution and Analog Supply
The ADC circuit has its own supply pins (AVDD and AVSS) and one pins (Vref+) connected to each end of the DAC's resistance-ladder that the AVDD and Vref+ are connected to VDD and AVSS is connected to VSS. The ladder has 1023 equally spaced taps, separated by a resistance of "R". The first tap is located 0.5xR above AVSS, and the last tap is located 0.5xR below Vref+. This gives a total ladder resistance of 1024xR. This structure ensures that the DAC is monotonic and results in a symmetrical quantization error. For input voltages between AVSS and [(Vref+) + 1/2 LSB], the 10-bit result of an A/D conversion will be 0000000000B = 000H. For input voltages between [(Vref+) - 3/2 LSB] and Vref+, the result of a conversion will be 1111111111B = 3FFH. AVref+ and AVSS may be between AVDD + 0.2V and AVSS - 0.2 V. Avref+ should be positive with respect to AVSS, and the input voltage (Vin) should be between AVref+ and AVSS. The result can always be calculated from the following formula:
Vin AVref + V DD V SS
Result = 1024 x
or Result = 1024 x
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20. LCD DISPLAY 20.1 LCD Features
The LCD has the following features; * Selectable LCD frequency by frequency divider. * Two operation modes; normal (default) and Power saving mode. * 1/3 bias voltage. * Two display modes; 1/3 duty or 1/4 duty * Segment/Com pins: o Dedicated 10 Segment pins o Segment 10-31 share with GPIO pins. o Dedicated 4 com pins. The device can directly drive a LCD with 32 segment outputs pins and 4 or 3 common output pins for a total of 32*4 dots or 32*3 dots by direct LCD Pointer (LCDPT) and LCD Data (LCDDATA) mapping. LCDPT can be written by (MOV LCDPT, A). If LCDEN is set, data written in the LCDDATA will automatically display on the LCD pins. LCDDATA can be written by MOV LCDDATA, A instruction.
Figure 20-1: LCD Driver Block Diagram
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LCD frequency is set by the LCDCN.FS [2:0] register bits. LCDEN (LCDCN.7) can enable or disable the LCD by software. If LCDEN is set, voltage pump supplies voltage to segment and com drivers and LCD panel will be displayed according LCDDATA. See below section for explanation. When LCDEN is clear, voltage pump is turn off and all LCD pins will be output at LOW. Pump (LCDCN.4) can select which voltage pump (Type A or B) to drive Segments and Com. Default is pump type A which is normal mode, while pump Type B is power saving mode. The duty cycles are selectable at LCDCN.5 for 32*4 dots is 1/4 duty and 32*3 dots is 1/3 duty. There is a CLEAR bit (LCDCN.6) for clearing the LCD display and by default it is inactive. Upon activating this CLEAR bit the COM pin will goes LOW that will directly clear the LCD displayed. However, when the CLEAR bit is deactivated again by software, the LCD display will resume previous display prior to clear.
20.2 LCD Frequency
LCD frequency can be set by FS [2:0] bits. Setting a correct frequency according to the LCD panel requirement will get a good contrast. Structure of the LCD frequency selection block (FLCD) is shown in the following diagram Figure 20-2.
Figure 20-2: LCD frequency selection block diagram (FLCD)
FS2
FS1
FS0
DIVIDER
0 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 1 x
0 1 0 1 x
/1 /2 /4 /8 /16
Table 20-1: Divider selection table using FS bits
User is free to select any LCD frequency by selecting the divider. The LCD frequency can be calculated by following equation: LCD frequency (FLCD) = (Fosc/2*14) X (Divider) Each common signal is selected sequentially according to the specified number of time slices of its frame period. For example, in 1/3 duty, COM0 to COM2 will output waveforms, COM3 will be tied to low. Whereas for 1/4 duty, COM0 to COM3 will output waveforms. Refer to the figure below.
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Figure 20-3: Common Signal Waveform
The segment signal corresponds to LCD display data memory. Each byte of data is read synchronized with COM0, COM1, COM2 and COM3. If the contents of the each bit are 1, that bit is converted to the select voltage. If the contents of the each bit are 0, that bit is converted to the deselect voltage. The conversion results are output to segment pins. Refer to the figure below.
Figure 20-4: Segment signal waveforms
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Figure 20-5: LCD com output pins configured using Voltage Pump A type with 1/4 duty.
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Figure 20-6: LCD com output pins configured using Voltage Pump A type with 1/3 duty.
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Figure 20-7: LCD com output pins configured using Voltage Pump B type with 1/4 duty.
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FLCD VDD COM0 VLCD2 VLCD1 VSS
VDD COM1 VLCD2 VLCD1 VSS VDD COM2 VLCD2 VLCD1 VSS
1/3 Duty
Figure 20-8: LCD com output pins configured using Voltage Pump B type with 1/3 duty.
20.3 LCD Power Connection
The LCD power connection for 1/3 bias is shown figure below. LCD voltage amplification uses regulator type. 3 bias voltages; VDD, VLCD2 = 2/3VDD and VLCD1=1/3VDD.
Figure 20-9: 1/3 Bias LCD Power Connection
Example output waveform of LCD driving mode in next diagram.
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Figure 20-10: 1/4 duty, 1/3 bias of Lighting System
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20.4 LCD Option Bits
There are two option bits for LCD, LCD [1:0] for selection of LCD Segment pin as per the table below. When option bit LCD [1:0] = 00 the entire Segment pins are active and P5, P6 & P7 cannot work as general purpose I/O. When LCD [1:0] = 01, P6 & P7 can work as general purpose I/O but only Seg15~Seg0 can be use for LCD display. Where as LCD [1:0] = 10, only P7 can work as general purpose I/O and Seg23~0 is use for LCD display. When LCD [1:0] = 11 only Seg9~0 can be use for LCD display. See section 24 for location of these bits.
LCD1 LCD0 ACTIVE
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
Seg31~0 P7 & P6 & Seg15~0 P7 & Seg23~0 GPIO Pins (P5, P6, P7)
20.5 LCD Display
Each number is control by 4 common pins and 2 segment pins. To display a number, data is written into the LCDDATA to display out into the LCD panel. There are total of 16 LCD characters pointed by LCDPT.
Figure 20-11: LCD Segment and Com mapping
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SEG0 COM0 COM1 COM2 COM3
Figure 20-12: Relation of Seg[1:0] and Com[3:0] pins.
SEG1
10 11 12 13
00 01 02 03
LCDPT[3:0]
NAME
BIT7- BIT4
BIT3 -BIT0
0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111
LCDDATA_0 LCDDATA_1 LCDDATA_2 LCDDATA_3 LCDDATA_4 LCDDATA_5 LCDDATA_6 LCDDATA_7 LCDDATA_8 LCDDATA_9 LCDDATA_10 LCDDATA_11 LCDDATA_12 LCDDATA_13 LCDDATA_14 LCDDATA_15
S01C[3:0] S03C[3:0] S05C[3:0] S07C[3:0] S09C[3:0] S11C[3:0] S13C[3:0] S15C[3:0] S17C[3:0] S19C[3:0] S21C[3:0] S23C[3:0] S25C[3:0] S27C[3:0] S29C[3:0] S31C[3:0]
S00C[3:0] S02C[3:0] S04C[3:0] S06C[3:0] S08C[3:0] S10C[3:0] S12C[3:0] S14C[3:0] S16C[3:0] S18C[3:0] S20C[3:0] S22C[3:0] S24C[3:0] S26C[3:0] S28C[3:0] S30C[3:0]
Table 20-2: Registers associated with LCD operation.
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LCD DISPLAY
LCDDATA [7:0]
LCD DISPLAY
LCDDATA [7:0]
LCD DISPLAY
LCDDATA [7:0]
0000 1010b
1111 0110b
1110 1110b
1011 1100b
1000 1010b
1111 0000b
1001 1110b
1111 1110b
1111 0100b
0100 1110b
1101 1110b
1110 0100b
1101 0110b
1111 1010b
Table 20-3: Example of writing LCDDATA
0000 0001b
Example: ;-----------------------------------------------------------------; Example writing a number 3 to the LCD display. ;-----------------------------------------------------------------.chip 8052 .symbols .RAMCHK OFF ;-----------------------------------------------------------------LCDCN equ E4h LCDPT equ ABh LCDDATA equ 86h ;-----------------------------------------------------------------ORG 0000h JMP Start ;-----------------------------------------------------------------ORG 0100h Start: MOV LCDCN, #9Eh ; Enable LCD, Duty = 1/4, Pump A, Freq = 1/16 MOV LCDPT, #0Ah ; Select location to write MOV LCDDATA, #4Eh ; Number "3" is display in LCD panel JMP $ ;-----------------------------------------------------------------END Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
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21. TIMED ACCESS PROTECTION
The W79E217 has features like the Watchdog Timer, wait-state control signal and power-on/fail reset flag that are crucial to the proper operation of the system. If these features are unprotected, errant code may write critical control bits, resulting in incorrect operation and loss of control. To prevent this, the W79E217 provides has a timed-access protection scheme that controls write access to critical bits. In this scheme, protected bits have a timed write-enable window. A write is successful only if this window is active; otherwise, the write is discarded. The write-enable window is opened in two steps. First, the software writes AAh to the Timed Access (TA) register. This starts a counter, which expires in three machine cycles. Then, if the software writes 55h to the TA register before the counter expires, the write-enable window is opened for three machine cycles. After three machine cycles, the window automatically closes, and the procedure must be repeated again to access protected bits. The suggested code for opening the write-enable window is; TA REG 0C7h ; Define new register TA, located at 0C7h MOV TA, #0AAh MOV TA, #055h Five examples, some correct and some incorrect, of using timed-access protection are shown below. Example 1: Valid access MOV TA, #0AAh MOV TA, #055h MOV WDCON, #00h Example 2: Valid access MOV TA, #0AAh MOV TA, #055h NOP SETB EWT ; 3 M/C ; Note: M/C = Machine Cycles ; 3 M/C ; 3 M/C ; 3 M/C ; 3 M/C ; 1 M/C ; 2 M/C
Example 3: Valid access MOV TA, #0Aah ; 3 M/C MOV TA, #055h ; 3 M/C ORL WDCON, #00000010B ; 3M/C Example 4: Invalid access MOV TA, #0AAh MOV TA, #055h NOP NOP CLR POR ; 3 M/C ; 3 M/C ; 1 M/C ; 1 M/C ; 2 M/C
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Example 5: Invalid Access MOV TA, #0AAh NOP MOV TA, #055h SETB EWT
3 M/C 1 M/C 3 M/C 2 M/C
In the first three examples, the protected bits are written before the window closes. In Example 4, however, the write occurs after the window has closed, so there is no change in the protected bit. In Example 5, the second write to TA occurs four machine cycles after the first write, so the timed access window in not opened at all, and the write to the protected bit fails.
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22. PORT 4 STRUCTURE
Port 4 is a multi-function port that performs general purpose I/O port and chip-select strobe signals including read strobe, write strobe and read/write strobe signals. The 4 alternate modes are selected by P4xM1 and P4xM0. The function of chip-select strobe output provides that user can activate external devices by access to some specific address region.
Port 4 Control Register A
Bit: 7 P41M1
Mnemonic: P4CONA
6 P41M0
5 P41C1
4 P41C0
3 P40M1
2 P40M0
1 P40C1
0 P40C0
Address: 92h
Port 4 Control Register B
Bit: 7 P43M1
Mnemonic: P4CONB
6 P43M0
5 P43C1
4 P43C0
3 P42M1
2 P42M0
1 P42C1
0 P42C0
Address: 93h
BIT NAME
FUNCTION
P4xM1, P4xM0
Port 4 alternate modes. =00: Mode 0. P4.x is a general purpose I/O port which is the same as Port 1. =01: Mode 1. P4.x is a Read Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL and bits P4xC1, P4xC0. =10: Mode 2. P4.x is a Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL and bits P4xC1, P4xC0. =11: Mode 3. P4.x is a Read/Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL and bits P4xC1, P4xC0 Port 4 Chip-select Mode address comparison: =00: Compare the full address (16 bits length) with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL. =01: Compare the 15 high bits (A15-A1) of address bus with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL. =10: Compare the 14 high bits (A15-A2) of address bus with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL. =11: Compare the 8 high bits (A15-A8) of address bus with the base address registers P4xAH and P4xAL.
P4xC1, P4xC0
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P40AH, P40AL: The Base address registers for comparator of P40AL contains the low-order byte of address. P41AH, P41AL: The Base address registers for comparator of P41AL contains the low-order byte of address. P42AH, P42AL: The Base address registers for comparator of P42AL contains the low-order byte of address. P43AH, P43AL: The Base address registers for comparator of P43AL contains the low-order byte of address.
PORT 4
Bit: 7 Mnemonic: P4
P4.0. P40AH contains the high-order byte of address;
P4.1. P41AH contains the high-order byte of address;
P4.2. P42AH contains the high-order byte of address;
P4.3. P43AH contains the high-order byte of address;
6 -
5 -
4 -
3 P4.3
2 P4.2
1 P4.1
0 P4.0
Address: A5h
P4.3-0
Port 4 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups.
PORT 4 CHIP-SELECT POLARITY
Bit: 7 P43INV
Mnemonic: P4CSIN
6 P42INV
5 P42INV
4 P40INV
3 -
2 PWDNH
1 RMWFP
0 PUP0
Address: A2h
P4xINV PWDNH RMWFP
PUP0
The active polarity of P4.x when it is set as a chip-select strobe output. High = Active High. Low = Active Low. Set PWDNH to logic 1 then ALE and PSEN will keep high state, clear this bit to logic 0 then ALE and PSEN will output low during power down mode. Control Read Path of Instruction "Read-Modify-Write". When this bit is set, the read path of executing "read-modify-write" instruction is from port pin otherwise from SFR. Enable Port 0 weak pull up.
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P4xCSINV P4 REGISTER P4.x DATA I/O
RD_CS MUX 4->1 WR_CS
READ WRITE
RD/WR_CS
PIN P4.x
ADDRESS BUS P4xM0 EQUAL P4xM1
REGISTER P4xAL P4xAH Bit Length Selectable comparator REGISTER P4xC0 P4xC1 P4.x INPUT DATA BUS
Figure 22-1: Port 4 Structure Diagram
Here is an example to program the P4.0 as a write strobe signal at the I/O port address 1234H ~1237H and positive polarity, and P4.1 ~ P4.3 are used as general I/O ports. MOV P40AH, #12H MOV P40AL, #34H ; Define the base I/O address 1234H for P4.0 as an special function MOV P4CONA, #00001010B ; Define the P4.0 as a write strobe signal pin and the compared address is [A15:A2] MOV P4CONB, #00H ; P4.1~P4.3 as general I/O port which are the same as PORT1 MOV P4CSIN, #10H ; Write the P40CSINV =1 to inverse the P4.0 write strobe polarity Then any instruction writes data to address from 1234H to 1237H, for example MOVX @DPTR,A (with DPTR=1234H~1237H), will generate the positive polarity write strobe signal at pin P4.0. And the instruction of "MOV P4, #XX" will output the bit3 to bit1 of data #XX to pin P4.3~ P4.1.
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23. IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING 23.1 The Loader Program Locates at LDFlash Memory
CPU is Free Run at APFlash memory. CHPCON register had been set #03H value before CPU has entered idle state. CPU will switch to LDFlash memory and execute a reset action. H/W reboot mode will switch to LDFlash memory, too. Set SFRCN register where it locates at user's loader program to update APFlash bank 0 memory. Set a SWRESET (CHPCON=#83H) to switch back APFlash after CPU has updated APFlash program. CPU will restart to run program from reset state.
23.2
The Loader Program Locates at APFlash Memory
CPU is Free Run at APFlash memory. CHPCON register had been set #01H value before CPU has entered idle state. Set SFRCN register to update LDFlash or another bank of APFlash program. CPU will continue to run user's APFlash program after CPU has updated program. Please refer demonstrative code to understand other detail description.
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24. OPTION BITS
This device has two CONFIG bits (CONFIG0, CONFIG1) that must be define at power up and can not be set after the program start of execution. Those features are configured through the use of two flash EPROM bytes, and the flash EPROM can be programmed and verified repeatedly. Until the code inside the Flash EPROM is confirmed OK, the code can be protected. The protection of flash EPROM and those operations of the configuration bits are described below.
24.1 Config0
BIT DESCRIPTION
B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7
=0: Lock data out =0: MOVC Inhibited Reserved Reserved =1: Disable H/W reboot by P3.6 and P3.7 =0: Enable H/W reboot by P3.6 and P3.7 =1: Disable H/W reboot by P4.3 =0: Enable H/W reboot by P4.3 Reserved =1: Crystal > 24MHz =0: Crystal < 24MHz
Table 24-1: Config0 Option Bits
B0: Lock bit This bit is used to protect the customer's program code in the W79E217. After the programmer finishes the programming and verifies sequence B0 can be cleared to logic 0 to protect code from reading by any access path. Once this bit is set to logic 0, both the Flash EPROM data and Special Setting Registers can not be accessed again. B1: MOVC Inhibit This bit is used to restrict the accessible region of the MOVC instruction. It can prevent the MOVC instruction in external program memory from reading the internal program code. When this bit is set to logic 0, a MOVC instruction in external program memory space will be able to access code only in the external memory, not in the internal memory. A MOVC instruction in internal program memory space will always be able to access the ROM data in both internal and external memory. If this bit is logic 1, there are no restrictions on the MOVC instruction. B4: H/W Reboot with P3.6 and P3.7 If this bit is set to logic 0, enable to reboot 4k LD Flash mode while RST =H, P3.6 = L and P3.7 = L state. CPU will start from LD Flash to update the user's program. B5: H/W Reboot with P4.3 If this bit is set to logic 0, enable to reboot 4k LD Flash mode while RST =H and P4.3 = L state. CPU will start from LD Flash to update the user's program B7: Select clock frequency. If clock frequency is over 24MHz, then set this bit is H. If clock frequency is less than 24MHz, then clear this bit. Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
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24.2 Config1
BITS NAME FUNCTION
Bit0
PWMOE
PWM Odd Channel 1, 3 and 5 Enable. 1: Disable (default). 0: Enable odd PWM outputs to corresponding pins. PWM Even Channel 0, 2 and 4 Enable. 1: Disable (default) 0: Enable odd PWM outputs to corresponding pins. Define the polarity of PWM output after CPU reset, OPOL controls odd PWM outputs. 1: Initial output high 0: Initial output low Define the polarity of PWM output after CPU reset, EPOL control even PWM outputs. 1: Initial output high 0: Initial output low (Refer LCD CONFIG table below). (Refer LCD CONFIG table below). PWM Channel 6 Output Enable. 1: Disable (default). 0: Enable PWM6 output to corresponding pin. PWM Channel 7 Output Enable. 1: Disable (default). 0: Enable PWM7 output to corresponding pin.
Table 24-2: Config 1 Option Bits
Bit1
PWMEE
Bit2
OPOL
Bit3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6
EPOL LCD0 LCD1 PWM6E
Bit 7
PWM7E
LCD 1
LCD 0
LCD PIN DEFINE
0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1
Seg31~0 P7 & P6 & Seg15~0 P7 & Seg23~0 GPIO Pins (P5, P6, P7)
Table 24-3: LCD CONFIG bits Definition Table
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
25. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 25.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITION RATING UNIT
DC Power Supply Input Voltage Operating Temperature Storage Temperature
VDD - VSS VIN TA Tst
-0.3 VSS -0.3 -40 -55
+7.0 VDD +0.3 +85 +150
V V C C
Note: Exposure to conditions beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may adversely affect the life and reliability of the device.
25.2 DC Characteristics
(VDD - VSS = 5V 10%, TA = 25C, Fosc = 20 MHz, unless otherwise specified.)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
SPECIFICATION
MIN 4.5 2.7 TYP MAX 5.5 5.5
UNIT
TEST CONDITIONS
VDD =4.5V ~ 5.5V @ 33MHz VDD =2.7V ~ 5.5V @ 20MHz VDD =4.5V ~ 5.5V @ 24MHz (external access) NVM program/erase operations. Run NOP VDD=5.5V at 33MHz Run NOP VDD=5.5V at 20MHz Run NOP VDD=3.0V at 20MHz Run NOP VDD=2.7V at 20MHz RST = VDD VDD=5.5V at 33MHz RST = VDD VDD=5.5V at 20MHz RST = VDD VDD=3.0V at 20MHz RST = VDD VDD=2.7V at 20MHz VDD=5.5V at 33MHz (I/O High) VDD=5.5V at 33MHz (I/O Low) VDD=5.5V at 20MHz (I/O High) VDD=5.5V at 20MHz (I/O Low) VDD=3.0V at 20MHz (I/O High) VDD=3.0V at 20MHz (I/O Low) VDD=2.7V at 20MHz
VDD1 VDD2 Operating Voltage VDD3 VDD4 IDD1 IDD2 IDD3 IDD4 Operating Current IDD5 IDD6 IDD7 IDD8 IIDLE1 Idle Current IIDLE2 IIDLE3 IIDLE4
4.5 3.0 58 37 15 12 50 33 12 10 35 20 9 8
5.5
V
65 45 20 16 60 38 17 15 42 25 14 11
mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA mA
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
DC Characteristics, continued
PARAMETER
Power Down Current Input Current P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 Input Current RST Input Leakage Current P0, /EA Logic 1 to 0 Transition Current P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 [*4] Input Low Voltage P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, /EA (Schmitt input) Input High Voltage P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, /EA (Schmitt input) Hysteresis Voltage Input Low Voltage RST [*1]
SYMBOL
SPECIFICATION
MIN TYP MAX 10
UNIT
uA uA uA uA uA
TEST CONDITIONS
VDD=2.7V~5.5V VDD=5.5V VIN=0V or VDD VDD=5.5V 0IPWDN IIN1 IIN2 ILK ITL[*4]
-95 -10 -10 -500 -
-55 50 0
10 300 10 -200
VIL1
0
0.8
0.3 VDD
V
VIH1 VHY V IL21 V IL22 VIH21 VIH22
0.7 VDD 3.5 2 0 0 4.0 2.5 -22 -6 -200 -50 18 10 4 3 -
2.0 0.2 VDD 1.0 0.7 2.3 1.5 -31 -9 -300 -82 22 15 5 3.5 0.35 0.07 0.35 0.35
VDD+0.2 1.6 0.8 VDD+0. 2 VDD+0. 2 0.8 0.4 VDD+0.2 VDD+0.2 -42 -13 -430 -115 32 25 6 5 -
V
VDD = 5.5V
V
VDD=4.5V VDD=2.7V VDD=5.5V
Input High Voltage RST [*1]
V VDD=2.7V V V mA VDD=4.5V VDD=2.7V VDD=5.5V VDD=2.7V VDD = 4.5V, VS = 2.4V VDD = 2.7V, VS = 2.0V VDD = 4.5V, VS = 2.4V VDD =2.7V, VS = 2.0V VDD = 4.5V, VS = 0.45V VDD = 2.7V, VS = 0.45V VDD = 4.5V, VS = 0.45V VDD = 2.7V, VS = 0.45V VDD = 4.5V, IOL = 20 mA VDD = 2.7V, IOL = 3.2 mA VDD = 4.5V, IOL = 4.0 mA VDD = 2.7V, IOL = 3.0 mA
Input Low Voltage XTAL1[*3] Input High Voltage XTAL1[*3] Source Current P2.0~P2.5, P5.0~P5.1 (PUSH-PULL Mode) PWM pins Source Current P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 (Quasibidirectional mode) Sink Current P2.0~P2.5, P5.0~P5.1 (PUSH-PULL Mode) Sink Current P0,P1,P2, P3,P4,P5, P6, P7 (Quasibidirectional mode) Output Low Voltage P2.0~P2.5, P5.0~P5.1 (PUSH-PULL Mode) Output Low Voltage P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 (Quasi-bidirectional Mode)
V IL31 V IL32 VIH31 VIH32 ISR11 ISR12 ISR21 ISR22 ISK11 ISK12 ISK21 ISK22 VOL11 VOL12 VOL21 VOL22
uA
mA
mA
V
V
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
DC Characteristics, continued
PARAMETER
Output High Voltage P2.0~P2.5, P5.0~P5.1 (PUSH-PULL Mode) Output High Voltage P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 (Quasibidirectional Mode) Sink current /PSEN
[*2]
SYMBOL
SPECIFICATION
MIN TYP 3.3 MAX -
UNIT
V
TEST CONDITIONS
VDD = 4.5V, IOH = -20mA VDD = 2.7V, IOH =-3.2mA VDD = 4.5V, IOH =-100uA VDD = 2.7V, IOH = -30uA VDD=4.5V, Vs = 0.45V VDD=2.7V, Vs = 0.45V VDD=4.5V, Vs = 2.4V VDD=2.7V, Vs = 2.0V All Seg ON VOL = 0.4V VLCD =3.0V VOH = 2.4V VLCD =3.0V VDD = 5.0V; VOL = 0.4V VDD = 3.0V; VOL = 0.4V VDD = 5.0V; VOH = 4.4V VDD = 3.0V; VOH = 2.4V IOL = 0.6mA IOH = 3uA
VOH11 VOH12 VOH21 VOH22 Isk31 Isk32 Isr31 Isr32 ILCD IOL1 IOH1 IOL1 IOL1 IOH1 IOH1 VSL VSH
3 2.5 -6 -1 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.7 -0.8 -0.5 2.4
2.5 4.1 2.52 5 3.5 -7.5 -2 1.3 1.1 -1.15 -0.8 -
8 6 -9 -3 6 0.4 -
V mA mA mA mA uA uA uA mA mA V V
P0, P2, ALE,
Source current [*2] P0, P2, ALE, /PSEN LCD Supply Current COM0-COM3 Sink Current (Used as LCD output) COM0-COM3 Drive Current (Used as LCD output) Seg0-Seg31 Sink Current (Used as LCD output) Seg0-Seg31 Drive Current(Used as LCD output) Segment Output low voltage (Used as DC output) Segment Output high voltage (Used as DC output)
Notes: *1. RST pin is a Schmitt trigger input. RST has internal pull-low resistors about 60k. *2. P0, P2, ALE and /PSEN are tested in the external access mode. *3. XTAL1 is a CMOS input. *4. Pins of P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 can source a transition current when they are being externally driven from 1 to 0. The transition current reaches its maximum value when VIN approximates to 2.85V.
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
25.3 AC Characteristics
tCLCL tCLCH tCLCX Clock tCHCL tCHCX
Note: Duty cycle is 50%.
25.3.1 External Clock Characteristics
PARAMETER SYMBOL MIN. TYP. MAX. UNITS NOTES
Clock High Time Clock Low Time Clock Rise Time Clock Fall Time
tCHCX tCLCX tCLCH tCHCL
12 12 -
-
10 10
nS nS nS nS
25.3.2 AC Specification (VDD - VSS = 5V 10%, TA = 25C, Fosc = 20 MHz, unless otherwise specified.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL VARIABLE CLOCK MIN. VARIABLE CLOCK MAX. UNITS
Oscillator Frequency ALE Pulse Width Address Valid to ALE Low Address Hold After ALE Low Address Hold After ALE Low for MOVX Write ALE Low to Valid Instruction In ALE Low to PSEN Low
PSEN Pulse Width
PSEN Low to Valid Instruction In
1/tCLCL tLHLL tAVLL tLLAX1 tLLAX2 tLLIV tLLPL tPLPH tPLIV tPXIX tPXIZ tAVIV1
0 0 1.5tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL - 5
331 24
2
MHz MHz nS nS nS nS
2.5tCLCL - 20 0.5tCLCL - 5 2.0tCLCL - 5 2.0tCLCL - 20 0 tCLCL - 5 3.0tCLCL - 20
nS nS nS nS nS nS nS
Input Instruction Hold After PSEN Input Instruction Float After PSEN Port 0 Address to Valid Instr. In
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
AC Specification, continued
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
VARIABLE CLOCK MIN.
VARIABLE CLOCK MAX.
UNITS
Port 2 Address to Valid Instr. In
PSEN Low to Address Float
tAVIV2 tPLAZ tRHDX tRHDZ tRLAZ 0 0
3.5tCLCL - 20
nS nS nS
Data Hold After Read Data Float After Read
RD Low to Address Float
Note:
tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL - 5
nS nS
1. CPU executes the program stored in the internal APFlash at VDD=5.0V 2. CPU executes the program stored in the external memory at VDD=5.0V
25.3.3 MOVX Characteristics Using Stretch Memory Cycle
PARAMETER SYMBOL VARIABLE CLOCK MIN. VARIABLE CLOCK MAX. UNITS STRECH
Data Access ALE Pulse Width Address Hold After ALE Low for MOVX write
RD Pulse Width WR Pulse Width
tLLHL2 tLLAX2 tRLRH tWLWH tRLDV tRHDX tRHDZ tLLDV tAVDV1 tLLWL tAVWL
1.5tCLCL - 5 2.0tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL - 5 2.0tCLCL - 5 tMCS - 10 2.0tCLCL - 5 tMCS - 10 2.0tCLCL - 20 tMCS - 20 0 tCLCL - 5 2.0tCLCL - 5 2.5tCLCL - 5 tMCS + 2tCLCL 40 3.0tCLCL - 20 2.0tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL - 5 1.5tCLCL - 5 tCLCL - 5 2.0tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL + 5 1.5tCLCL + 5
nS nS nS nS nS nS nS
tMCS = 0 tMCS>0
tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0
RD Low to Valid Data In
Data Hold after Read Data Float after Read
ALE Low to Valid Data In
nS
Port 0 Address to Valid Data In
ALE Low to RD or WR Low Port 0 Address to RD or WR
nS nS nS
Low
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
MOVX Characteristics Using Stretch Memory Cycle, continud
PARAMETER
Port 2 Address to RD or WR
SYMBOL
VARIABLE CLOCK MIN.
VARIABLE CLOCK MAX.
UNITS
STRECH
Low Data Valid to WR Transition Data Hold after Write
RD Low to Address Float
RD or WR high to ALE high
tAVWL2 tQVWX tWHQX tRLAZ tWHLH
1.5tCLCL - 5 2.5tCLCL - 5 -5 1.0tCLCL - 5 tCLCL - 5 2.0tCLCL - 5 0.5tCLCL - 5 0 1.0tCLCL - 5 10 1.0tCLCL + 5
nS nS nS nS nS
tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0 tMCS = 0 tMCS>0
Note: tMCS is a time period related to the Stretch memory cycle selection. The following table shows the time period of tMCS for each selection of the Stretch value.
M2
M1
M0
MOVX CYCLES
TMCS
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
2 machine cycles 3 machine cycles 4 machine cycles 5 machine cycles 6 machine cycles 7 machine cycles 8 machine cycles 9 machine cycles
0 4 tCLCL 8 tCLCL 12 tCLCL 16 tCLCL 20 tCLCL 24 tCLCL 28 tCLCL
Explanation of Logics Symbols In order to maintain compatibility with the original 8051 family, this device specifies the same parameter for each device, using the same symbols. The explanation of the symbols is as follows. t Time A Address C Clock D Input Data H Logic level high L Logic level low I Q V X Instruction Output Data Valid No longer a valid state P R W Z
PSEN RD signal WR signal Tri-state
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
25.4 The ADC Converter DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VDD-VSS = 3.0~5V10%, TA = -40~85C, Fosc = 20MHz, unless otherwise specified.)
PARAMETER
Analog input ADC clock Conversion time Differential non-linearity Integral non-linearity Offset error Gain error Absolute voltage error
Notes:1. tADC: The period time of ADC input clock.
SYMBOL
AVin ADCCLK tC DNL INL Ofe Ge Ae
SPECIFICATION MIN.
VSS-0.2 200KHz -1 -2 -1 -1 -3 52tADC1 +1 +2 +1 +1 +3
TYP.
MAX.
VDD+0.2 5MHz
UNIT
V Hz us LSB LSB LSB % LSB
25.5 I2C Bus Timing Characteristics
PARAMETER SYMBOL STANDARD MODE I2C BUS MIN. MAX. UNIT
SCL clock frequency bus free time between a STOP and START condition Hold time (repeated) START condition. After this period, the first clock pulse is generated Low period of the SCL clock HIGH period of the SCL clock Set-up time for a repeated START condition Data hold time Data set-up time Rise time of both SDA and SCL signals Fall time of both SDA and SCL signals Set-up time for STOP condition Capacitive load for each bus line
fSCL tBUF tHd;STA tLOW tHIGH tSU;STA tHD;DAT tSU;DAT tr tf tSU;STO Cb
0 4.7 4.0 4.7 4.0 4.7 5.0 250 4.0 -
100 1000 300 400
kHz uS uS uS uS uS uS nS nS nS uS pF
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
Repeated START
STOP
START
STOP
SDA
tBUF tLOW tr tHIGH tHD;DAT tSU;DAT tf
SCL
tHD;STA
tSU;STA
tSU;STO
Figure 25-1: I2C Bus Timing
25.6 Program Memory Read Cycle
tLHLL
ALE
tLLIV tAVLL tPLPH tPLIV tLLPL tPLAZ tLLAX1 tPXIX
INSTRUCTION IN ADDRESS A0-A7
PSEN
tPXIZ
PORT 0
ADDRESS A0-A7
tAVIV1 tAVIV2
PORT 2 ADDRESS A8-A15 ADDRESS A8-A15
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
25.7 Data Memory Read Cycle
ALE
tLLDV tWHLH
PSEN
tLLWL tLLAX1 tAVLL tAVWL1
tRLRH tRLDV
RD
tRLAZ
DATA IN
tRHDZ tRHDX
ADDRESS A0-A7
PORT 0
INSTRUCTION IN
ADDRESS A0-A7
tAVDV1 tAVDV2
PORT 2 ADDRESS A8-A15
25.8 Data Memory Write Cycle
ALE
tWHLH
PSEN
tLLWL tLLAX2 tAVLL
tWLWH
WR
tAVWL1 tQVWX
tWHQX
DATA OUT ADDRESS A0-A7
PORT 0
INSTRUCTION IN
ADDRESS A0-A7
t AVDV2
PORT 2 ADDRESS A8-A15
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
26. TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS 26.1 Crystal connections
Figure 26-1: Typical crystal connections
CRYSTAL
C1
C2
R
16 MHz 24 MHz 33 MHz
Note: C1, C2, R components refer to Figure above.
0P~20P 0P~12P 0P~10P
0P~20P 0P~12P 0P~10P
3.3K
The above table shows the reference values for crystal applications.
26.2 Expanded External Data Memory and Oscillator
Vcc Vcc AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 AD8 AD9 AD10 AD11 AD12 AD13 AD14 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 3 4 7 8 13 14 17 18 1 11 2 5 6 9 12 15 16 19 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 25 24 21 23 2 26 1 22 27 20 28 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 EA/VP OSCILLATOR X1 X2 8.2K RESET INT0 INT1 T0 T1 P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 RD WR PSEN ALE/P TXD RXD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 OC G 74F373 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 OE WE CS VCC 20256 I/O0 I/O1 I/O2 I/O3 I/O4 I/O5 I/O6 I/O7
10u
Vcc
Pin-diagram of standard 8051
Figure 26-2: Typical External Data Memory and Oscillator connections
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
27. PACKAGE DIMENSION 27.1 100L QFP (14x20x2.75mm footprint 3.2mm)
H D D
E
H E
e
b
c A2 See Detail Seating Plane Y A1 A L L1
Controlling dimension : Millimeters
Symbol A A1 A2 b c D E e H
D E
Dimension in inch Nom Min Max 0.130 0.004 0.098 0.008 0.004 0.547 0.783 ----0.012 0.006 0.551 0.787 0.026 0.669 0.905 0.029 0.677 0.913 0.035 0.063 0.004 0 7 0.685 0.921 0.041 0.020 0.114 0.016 0.009 0.555 0.791
Dimension in mm Nom Min Max 3.30 0.10 2.50 0.20 0.10 13.90 19.90 ----0.30 0.15 14.00 20.00 0.65 17.00 23.00 0.73 17.20 23.20 0.88 1.60 0.10 0 7 17.40 23.40 1.03 0.50 2.90 0.40 0.23 14.10 20.10
H
L L1 Y
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
28. APPLICATION NOTE
In-system Programming Software Examples
This application note illustrates the in-system programmability of the Winbond W79E217 Flash EPROM microcontroller. In this example, microcontroller will boot from APFlash bank and waiting for a key to enter in-system programming mode for re-programming the contents of 64 KB APFlash. While entering in-system programming mode, microcontroller executes the loader program in 4KB LDFlash bank. The loader program erases the 64 KB APFlash then reads the new code data from external SRAM buffer (or through other interfaces) to update the APFlash. If the customer uses the reboot mode to update his program, please enable this b3 or b4 of security bits from the writer. Please refer security bits for detail description. EXAMPLE 1: ;******************************************************************************************************************* ;* Example of APFlash program: Program will scan the P1.0. If P1.0 = 0, enters in-system ;* programming mode for updating the content of APFlash code else executes the current ROM code. ;* XTAL = 24 MHz ;******************************************************************************************************************* .chip 8052 .RAMCHK OFF .symbols CHPCON TA SFRAL SFRAH SFRFD SFRCN EQU EQU EQU EQU EQU EQU 9FH C7H ACH ADH AEH AFH
ORG 0H LJMP 100H ; JUMP TO MAIN PROGRAM ;************************************************************************ ;* TIMER0 SERVICE VECTOR ORG = 000BH ;************************************************************************ ORG 00BH CLR TR0 ; TR0 = 0, STOP TIMER0 MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0,R7 RETI ;************************************************************************ ;* APFlash MAIN PROGRAM ;************************************************************************ ORG 100H
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
MAIN_APFlash: MOV A, P1 ANL A, #01H CJNE A, #01H, PROGRAM_APFlash JMP NORMAL_MODE
; SCAN P1.0 ; IF P1.0 = 0, ENTER IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING MODE
PROGRAM_64: MOV TA, #AAH ; CHPCON register is written protect by TA register. MOV TA, #55H MOV CHPCON, #03H ; CHPCON = 03H, ENTER IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING MODE MOV SFRCN, #0H MOV TCON, #00H ; TR = 0 TIMER0 STOP MOV IP, #00H ; IP = 00H MOV IE, #82H ; TIMER0 INTERRUPT ENABLE FOR WAKE-UP FROM IDLE MODE MOV R6, #F0H ; TL0 = F0H MOV R7, #FFH ; TH0 = FFH MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0, R7 MOV TMOD, #01H ; TMOD = 01H, SET TIMER0 A 16-BIT TIMER MOV TCON, #10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1, GO MOV PCON, #01H ; ENTER IDLE MODE FOR LAUNCHING THE IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING ;************** ****************************************************************** ;* Normal mode APFlashB APFlash program: depending user's application ;******************************************************************************** NORMAL_MODE: . ; User's application program . . . EXAMPLE 2: ;******************************************************************************************************************* ********** ;* Example of 4KB LDFlash program: This loader program will erase the APFlashB APFlash first, then reads the new ;* code from external SRAM and program them into APFlashB APFlash bank. XTAL = 24 MHz ;******************************************************************************************************************* ********** .chip 8052 .RAMCHK OFF .symbols
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
CHPCON TA SFRAL SFRAH SFRFD SFRCN
EQU EQU EQU EQU EQU EQU
9FH C7H ACH ADH AEH AFH
ORG 000H LJMP 100H ; JUMP TO MAIN PROGRAM ;************************************************************************ ;* 1. TIMER0 SERVICE VECTOR ORG = 0BH ;************************************************************************ ORG 000B CLR TR0 ; TR0 = 0, STOP TIMER0 MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0, R7 RETI ;************************************************************************ ;* 4KB LDFlash MAIN PROGRAM ;************************************************************************ ORG 100H MAIN_4K: MOV TA, #AAH MOV TA, #55H MOV CHPCON, #03H MOV SFRCN, #0H MOV TCON, #00H MOV TMOD, #01H MOV IP, #00H MOV IE, #82H MOV R6, #F0H MOV R7, #FFH MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0, R7 MOV TCON, #10H MOV PCON, #01H UPDATE_APFlash:
Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
; CHPCON = 03H, ENABLE IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING.
; TCON = 00H, TR = 0 TIMER0 STOP ; TMOD = 01H, SET TIMER0 A 16BIT TIMER ; IP = 00H ; IE = 82H, TIMER0 INTERRUPT ENABLED
; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1, GO ; ENTER IDLE MODE
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
MOV TCON, #00H ; TCON = 00H, TR = 0 TIM0 STOP MOV IP, #00H ; IP = 00H MOV IE, #82H ; IE = 82H, TIMER0 INTERRUPT ENABLED MOV TMOD, #01H ; TMOD = 01H, MODE1 MOV R6,#D0H ; SET WAKE-UP TIME FOR ERASE OPERATION, ABOUT 15 ms DEPENDING ON USER'S SYSTEM CLOCK RATE. MOV R7, #8AH MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0, R7 ERASE_P_4K: MOV SFRCN, #22H MOV TCON, #10H MOV PCON, #01H
; SFRCN = 22H, ERASE APFlash APFlash0 ; SFRCN = A2H, ERASE APFlash1 ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1, GO ; ENTER IDLE MODE (FOR ERASE OPERATION)
;********************************************************************* ;* BLANK CHECK ;********************************************************************* MOV SFRCN, #0H ; SFRCN = 00H, READ APFlashB APFlash0 ; SFRCN = 80H, READ APFlashB APFlash1 MOV SFRAH, #0H ; START ADDRESS = 0H MOV SFRAL, #0H MOV R6, #FDH ; SET TIMER FOR READ OPERATION, ABOUT 1.5 S. MOV R7, #FFH MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0, R7 blank_check_loop: SETB TR0 MOV PCON, #01H MOV A, SFRFD CJNE A, #FFH, blank_check_error INC SFRAL MOV A, SFRAL JNZ blank_check_loop INC SFRAH MOV A, SFRAH CJNE A, #0H, blank_check_loop JMP PROGRAM_APFlashROM blank_check_error:
Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
; Enable TIMER 0 ; Enter idle mode ; Read one byte ; Next address
; End address = FFFFH
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
JMP $ ;******************************************************************************* ;* RE-PROGRAMMING APFlashB APFlash BANK ;******************************************************************************* PROGRAM_APFlashROM: MOV R2, #00H ; Target low byte address MOV R1, #00H ; TARGET HIGH BYTE ADDRESS MOV DPTR, #0H MOV SFRAH, R1 ; SFRAH, Target high address MOV SFRCN, #21H ; SFRCN = 21H, PROGRAM APFlash0 ; SFRCN = A1H, PROGRAM APFlash1 MOV R6, #9CH ; SET TIMER FOR PROGRAMMING, ABOUT 50 S. MOV R7, #FFH MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0, R7 PROG_D_APFlash: MOV SFRAL, R2 ; SFRAL = LOW BYTE ADDRESS CALL GET_BYTE_FROM_PC_TO_ACC ; THIS PROGRAM IS BASED ON USER'S CIRCUIT. MOV @DPTR, A ; SAVE DATA INTO SRAM TO VERIFY CODE. MOV SFRFD, A ; SFRFD = data IN MOV TCON, #10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1,GO MOV PCON, #01H ; ENTER IDLE MODE (PRORGAMMING) INC DPTR INC R2 CJNE R2, #0H, PROG_D_APFlash INC R1 MOV SFRAH, R1 CJNE R1, #0H, PROG_D_APFlash ;***************************************************************************** ; * VERIFY APFlashB APFlash BANK ;***************************************************************************** MOV R4, #03H ; ERROR COUNTER MOV R6, #FDH ; SET TIMER FOR READ VERIFY, ABOUT 1.5 S. MOV R7, #FFH MOV TL0, R6 MOV TH0, R7 MOV DPTR, #0H ; The start address of sample code MOV R2, #0H ; Target low byte address
Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
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Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
MOV R1, #0H MOV SFRAH, R1 MOV SFRCN, #00H ; Target high byte address ; SFRAH, Target high address ; SFRCN = 00H, Read APFlash0 ; SFRCN = 80H, Read APFlash1
READ_VERIFY_APFlash: MOV SFRAL,R2 ; SFRAL = LOW ADDRESS MOV TCON,#10H ; TCON = 10H, TR0 = 1,GO MOV PCON,#01H INC R2 MOVX A,@DPTR INC DPTR CJNE A,SFRFD,ERROR_APFlash CJNE R2,#0H,READ_VERIFY_APFlash INC R1 MOV SFRAH,R1 CJNE R1,#0H,READ_VERIFY_APFlash ;****************************************************************************** ;* PROGRAMMING COMPLETLY, SOFTWARE RESET CPU ;****************************************************************************** MOV TA, #AAH MOV TA, #55H MOV CHPCON, #83H ; SOFTWARE RESET. CPU will restart from APFlash0 ERROR_APFlash: DJNZ R4, UPDATE_APFlash . DEAL WITH IT. . . .
; IF ERROR OCCURS, REPEAT 3 TIMES. ; IN-SYST PROGRAMMING FAIL, USER'S PROCESS TO
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0
Preliminary W79E217A Data Sheet
29. REVISION HISTORY
REVISION DATE PAGE DESCRIPTION
A1.0 A2.0
April 18, 2007 October 19, 2007
All 8
Preliminary version initially issued Update all content.
A3.0
Updated pin configuration diagram. VLCD1 and VLCD2 pins reassigned to pin 24 and pin 23, respectively. Moved IO names to inside of pin names. Re-alignment. 7 Added note for minimum NVM program/erase operating voltage. 109 Updated Figure 14-8. 190 Operating voltage for NVM program/erase min at 3.0V. December 14, 2007 7,10,21,37 Removed INDX descriptions. 135, 109 Corrected typo error. Posc changed to Fosc. 97,98,99 Corrected typo error. T2EX should be at P4.1 pin. Revise the Operating temperature to (-40, +85) C. 190 Change package size to "100L QFP(14x20x2.75mm 200 footprint 3.2mm)". Revise the content of UART mode select table. 31 (SM0,SM1) is exchanged.
Important Notice
Winbond products are not designed, intended, authorized or warranted for use as components in systems or equipment intended for surgical implantation, atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, or for other applications intended to support or sustain life. Further more, Winbond products are not intended for applications wherein failure of Winbond products could result or lead to a situation wherein personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage could occur. Winbond customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Winbond for any damages resulting from such improper use or sales.
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Publication Release Date: December 14, 2007 Revision A3.0

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